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1. Sound absorption properties of wood-based pulp fibre foams

Author:
Cucharero, Jose; Ceccherini, Sara; Maloney, Thad; Lokki, Tapio; Hänninen, Tuomas
Source:
Cellulose 2021 v.28 no.7 pp. 4267-4279
ISSN:
0969-0239
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; absorption; acoustics; cellulose; chemical composition; foams; pulp; softwood; ultrastructure;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, sound absorbing materials were produced through foam forming technique using hardwood and softwood pulps with varying chemical composition, ultrastructural, and morphological properties as raw materials. The sound absorption properties of the produced foams were measured and related to the ultrastructure and the morphology of the pulp fibres. All the fibre foams provided sound absor ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10570-021-03774-1

2. A decision-support system to assist forest industry planning and investment when data are scarce: the case of hardwood veneering in subtropical eastern Australia

Author:
Venn, T. J.; McGavin, R. L.
Source:
Australian forestry 2021 v.84 no.2 pp. 59-72
ISSN:
2325-6087
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; decision support systems; forest industries; forestry; mathematical models; Australia;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... An aspatial mathematical model has been developed to simultaneously support log processing investment decisions with respect to processing scale, facility location and log procurement when data are scarce. A key design principle was to make the model suitable for use by industry. The objective function maximises gross margins per hour of log processing time, and the model accounts for potential pr ...
DOI:
10.1080/00049158.2020.1836453

3. The Influence of Old and New Machines on Productivity and Costs of Four Yarding Methods in Small-Scale Forestry in a Maine Forest

Author:
Bustos-Letelier, Oscar; Mena, Carlos; Bussenius, Walter; Briceño, Marcela
Source:
Small-scale forestry 2021 v.20 no.1 pp. 97-117
ISSN:
1873-7617
Subject:
hardwood forests,   etc   ; capital; clearcutting; farms; nonindustrial private forests; tractors; Maine;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Small forest landowners and loggers require information on the cost and productivity of available timber harvesting systems in order to make the best equipment allocation decisions, especially when the current generation of highly productive, capital-intensive harvesting machinery is well suited for clearcutting in large stands. Conversely, small-scale equipment is becoming more readily available ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11842-020-09458-1

4. Converting bleached hardwood kraft pulp to dissolving pulp by using organic electrolyte solutions

Author:
Yang, Bo; Qin, Xiaoyu; Duan, Chao; He, Zhibin; Ni, Yonghao
Source:
Cellulose 2021 v.28 no.3 pp. 1311-1320
ISSN:
0969-0239
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; acetates; cellulose; electrolytes; hemicellulose; ionic liquids; temperature; viscosity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this laboratory study, a hardwood bleached kraft pulp (HBKP) was converted to dissolving pulp by removing hemicellulose using organic electrolyte solutions (OES), consisting of ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EminAc)) and a polar organic solvent γ-valerolactone (GVL). The molar ratio of GVL/EmimAc, and temperature have significant effect on the swelling of HBKP fibers, thus t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10570-020-03642-4

5. Effects of hemicellulose composition and content on the interaction between cellulose nanofibers

Author:
Kumagai, Akio; Endo, Takashi
Source:
Cellulose 2021 v.28 no.1 pp. 259-271
ISSN:
0969-0239
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; cellulose; cellulose nanofibers; mannans; quartz crystal microbalance; softwood; viscosity;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from softwood and hardwood kraft pulps were prepared with different hemicellulose contents, and the effects of the hemicellulose compositions and contents on the interaction between CNFs were studied. In addition, the effects of CNF interaction on the CNF dispersion stability and viscosity characteristics in the aqueous state were investigated. Using quar ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10570-020-03530-x

6. Productivity and cost analysis of tower yarder systems using the Koller 507 and the Valentini 400 in southwest Germany

Author:
Schweier, Janine; Klein, Marie-Luise; Kirsten, Herbert; Jaeger, Dirk; Brieger, Frauke; Sauter, Udo Hans
Source:
International journal of forest engineering 2020 v.31 no.3 pp. 172-183
ISSN:
1913-2220
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; forests; landscapes; logging; Germany;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cable-based timber extraction offers some advantages with regard to impacts to forest stands and soils, and can be used under a wide range of conditions. It is important not only in steep terrain, but also increasingly in flat terrain when soils have low bearing capacity. In this study, utilization data from two commonly used tower yarding systems were analyzed: a tower yarder with a mounted proce ...
DOI:
10.1080/14942119.2020.1761746

7. Lignin-Based Polyethylene Films with Enhanced Thermal, Opacity and Biodegradability Properties for Agricultural Mulch Applications

Author:
Chiappero, Lucio R.; Bartolomei, Suellen S.; Estenoz, Diana A.; Moura, Esperidiana A. B.; Nicolau, Verónica V.
Source:
Journal of polymers and the environment 2021 v.29 no.2 pp. 450-459
ISSN:
1566-2543
Subject:
hardwood; hardwood lignin,   etc   ; biocomposites; biodegradability; environment; esterification; extrusion; melting point; mulches; opacity; particle size; polyethylene film; raw materials; softwood; softwood lignin; soil; temperature;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lignins are promising alternative raw materials for biocomposites due to their renewability, low cost and abundance. In this work, the use of (softwood and hardwood) Kraft lignins in the development of LLDPE/lignin films for agricultural mulch applications is studied. Processable blends were obtained from unmodified softwood lignin (SW) and from hardwood lignin modified by esterification (HWE). LL ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10924-020-01886-6

8. Effect of Methoxy Substituents on Wet Peroxide Oxidation of Lignin and Lignin Model Compounds: Understanding the Pathway to C₄ Dicarboxylic Acids

Author:
Vega-Aguilar, Carlos A.; Barreiro, M. Filomena; Rodrigues, Alírio E.
Source:
Industrial & engineering chemistry process design and development 2021 v.60 no.9 pp. 3543-3553
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
hardwood; hardwood lignin,   etc   ; 4-hydroxybenzoic acid; Eucalyptus globulus; depolymerization; oxidation; process design; raw materials; softwood lignin; succinic acid; syringic acid; vanillic acid;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lignin depolymerization through peroxide oxidation produces dicarboxylic acids (DCA), especially C₄-DCA, like succinic acid. In this work, the effect of methoxy substituents on C₄-DCA production using peroxide oxidation of lignin model compounds (p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid) and hardwood and softwood lignin samples was studied. It was concluded that methoxy substituents ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05085

9. Bioconversion of syringyl lignin into malic acid by Burkholderia sp. ISTR5

Author:
Morya, Raj; Kumar, Madan; Shekhar Thakur, Indu
Source:
Bioresource technology 2021 v.330 pp. 124981
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
hardwood lignin,   etc   ; Burkholderia; aldehyde dehydrogenase; biorefining; biotransformation; laccase; malic acid; syringic acid;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Syringyl monomeric units are the most common intermediates encountered during hardwood lignin degradation. In the present study, efficient utilization of syringaldehyde (SAld), syringic acid (SAc) by Burkholderia sp. ISTR5 (R5) has been shown. The proteogenomic analysis of Burkholderia sp. ISTR5 was done to understand the enzymes involved in the degradation of syringaldehyde and syringic acid. Var ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124981

10. Ion mobility mass spectrometry of in situ generated biomass pyrolysis products

Author:
Castilla, Clément; Rüger, Christopher P.; Lavanant, Hélène; Afonso, Carlos
Source:
Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis 2021 v.156 pp. 105164
ISSN:
0165-2370
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; Carya; Fagus; biofuels; biomass; lignocellulose; principal component analysis; pyrolysis; resinous wood; softwood; tandem mass spectrometry;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable energy source that can be used as biofuel after physicochemical conversion, e.g. by fast pyrolysis. However, the chemical variations from wood and other biomass species affect this conversion. Chemical characterization is needed to obtain more information on the pyrolysis products depending on the biomass type and pyrolysis conditions. Here, we ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jaap.2021.105164

11. Assessing woodpeckers as indicators of bird diversity and habitat structure in managed forests

Author:
Menon, Tarun; Shahabuddin, Ghazala
Source:
Biodiversity and conservation 2021 v.30 no.6 pp. 1689-1704
ISSN:
0960-3115
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; Picidae; biodiversity; canopy; ecosystems; forest birds; habitats; landscapes; trees; woodpeckers; Himalayan region;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Woodpeckers (family Picidae) are a specialised group of insectivores that are sensitive to forest degradation and fragmentation. We evaluated the woodpecker taxa as potential indicators of habitat quality and forest bird diversity in temperate moist hardwood forests (1500–2400 m asl), a threatened biome in the Western Himalaya. 74 forest sites, selected to represent a gradient of anthropogenic use ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10531-021-02164-0

12. Flight behavior of four species of Holotrichia chafer (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) with different habitat use

Author:
Harada, Masahiro; Nakata, Toshiyuki; Kan, Shogo; Kojima, Wataru
Source:
Applied entomology and zoology 2021 v.56 no.2 pp. 259-267
ISSN:
0003-6862
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; entomology; flight; habitat preferences; insect flight; maneuverability; principal component analysis;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Insect flight behavior varies among species and selective pressures underlying the diversification of flight performance remain to be fully elucidated. Comparisons of flight behavior among congeners with differing ecologies can contribute to gaining a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the diversification of insect flight behavior. In this study, we compared the laboratory arena fli ...
DOI:
10.1007/s13355-021-00733-x

13. Tracheary elements from calli of Japanese horse chestnut (Aesculus turbinata) form perforation-like structures

Author:
Yamagishi, Yusuke; Kudo, Kayo; Yoshimoto, Joto; Nakaba, Satoshi; Nabeshima, Eri; Watanabe, Ugai; Funada, Ryo
Source:
Planta 2021 v.253 no.5 pp. 99
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; 2,4-D; Aesculus turbinata; benzyladenine; brassinolide; callus; cell differentiation; cell walls; secondary xylem;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION: Calli derived from young leaves of Aesculus turbinata contained tracheary elements with large pores that resembled perforations of vessel elements. The differentiation of tracheary elements in vitro provides a useful system for detailed analysis of xylem cell differentiation. To examine the mechanism of formation of cell wall structures, new differentiation systems are required th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-021-03621-4

14. Effect of temperature on flocking propensity and species interactions in a subtropical mixed-species flocking system

Author:
Jones, Harrison H.; Walters, Mitchell J.; Robinson, Scott K.
Source:
TheWilson journal of ornithology 2021 v.132 no.3 pp. 560-574
ISSN:
1559-4491
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; Poecile carolinensis; canopy height; cold; flocks; highlands; ornithology; species richness; temperature; weather; winter; Florida;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Increased participation in mixed-species flocks is one hypothesized behavioral tactic used by forest birds to adjust to cold temperatures in winter. This phenomenon has been documented in temperate North America, but not at subtropical latitudes where temperatures are less extreme. To understand how temperature structures the size, richness, flocking propensity, and species interactions of subtrop ...
DOI:
10.1676/19-28

15. Energetic cost of girdling in a notodontid caterpillar, Oedemasia leptinoides

Author:
Trejo, Brianna K.; Gifford, Matthew E.; Dussourd, David E.
Source:
Arthropod-plant interactions 2021 v.15 no.2 pp. 161-170
ISSN:
1872-8855
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; Carya; Lochmaeus manteo; energy; insect behavior; instars; metabolism; petioles; North America;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In North America, notodontid caterpillars feed predominantly on hardwood trees; some cause significant economic damage with periodic outbreaks. The late instars of several species cut girdles around the petiole, rachis, or stem before feeding on distal leaf blades. Little is known about the benefits or costs of girdling for caterpillars. In this paper, we analyzed the energetic cost of girdling by ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11829-021-09805-9

16. One step liquefaction of hardwood lignin to oligomers soluble in polymerizable solvents

Author:
Wanmolee, Wanwitoo; Beltramini, Jorge Norberto; Bartley, John; Laosiripojana, Navadol; Doherty, William O.S.
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2021 v.162 pp. 113259
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
hardwood lignin,   etc   ; Eucalyptus; catalysts; catalytic activity; liquefaction; methanol; quinones; solubilization; solvents; toxicity;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Today technical lignins produced from different industrial processes are underutilized because they possess recalcitrant C-C bonds and reduced proportion of ether bonds, making it difficult to produce building block compounds in high yields. Current methods being developed to process technical lignin and improve its usefulness involve multiple steps and the use of toxic chemicals. We report an inn ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113259

17. Carbon Stocks of Hardwood Floodplain Forests along the Middle Elbe: The Influence of Forest Age, Structure, Species, and Hydrological Conditions

Author:
Shupe, Heather A.; Hartmann, Timo; Scholz, Mathias; Jensen, Kai; Ludewig, Kristin
Source:
Water 2021 v.13 no.5
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; ; Quercus robur; Ulmus; carbon; floodplains; forests; inventories; reforestation; rivers; seepage; trees; water; Germany;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hardwood floodplain (HF) forests can store a considerable amount of carbon (C), and floodplains may be good candidates for reforestation to provide natural C sinks. In this study, we use nondestructive inventory methods to estimate the C stocks of different tree species and C pools within HF forests of varying age and structure and located at sites differing in hydrological conditions (low and hig ...
DOI:
10.3390/w13050670

18. Eleven New Nearctic Species of Sciophila Meigen Fungus Gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae)

Author:
Taber, Stephen W.
Source:
TheSouthwestern entomologist 2021 v.45 no.4 pp. 1121-1148
ISSN:
0147-1724
Subject:
hardwood forests,   etc   ; Aepyceros melampus; Mycetophilidae; Nearctic region; adults; entomologists; fungi; new species; Michigan;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Eleven new species of Sciophila Meigen fungus gnats were discovered in mixed pine and hardwood forest in the Lower Peninsula of Michigan. The current effort (and five species in press elsewhere) presents the only Sciophila species known to the author that were described from Michigan. Sciophila ansluta Taber, Sciophila betula Taber, Sciophila enigma Taber, Sciophila impala Taber, Sciophila michiga ...
DOI:
10.3958/059.045.0428

19. Assessment of regulating ES potential of lowland riparian hardwood forests in Poland

Author:
Kowalska, Anna; Affek, Andrzej; Wolski, Jacek; Regulska, Edyta; Kruczkowska, Bogusława; Zawiska, Izabela; Kołaczkowska, Ewa; Baranowski, Jarosław
Source:
Ecological indicators 2021 v.120 pp. 106834
ISSN:
1470-160X
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; biodiversity; deforestation; drainage; drainage systems; habitats; rivers; water treatment; Poland;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Lowland riparian hardwood forests are valuable habitats protected by EU Habitat Directive (EU code: 91F0). Today, in most areas across Europe they are extremely rare due to deforestation, drainage and river engineering. The remaining small forest patches are important parts of riparian ecological corridors and biodiversity hotspots, and provide valuable ecosystem services (ES) to humans. However, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106834

20. Response of taxonomic and functional diversity to disturbance severity in temperate hardwood forests

Author:
Keyser, Tara L.; Collins, Beverly S.; Greenberg, Cathryn H.
Source:
Applied vegetation science 2021 v.24 no.1 pp. e12538
ISSN:
1402-2001
Subject:
hardwood,   etc   ; Quercus; carbon; ecological function; functional diversity; herbicides; overstory; species richness; North Carolina;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... AIMS: Quantify changes in taxonomic and functional diversity (FD) and identity to determine if responses to a disturbance severity gradient follow a “colonization/competition” hypothesis: diversity will (a) increase with disturbance severity as more open conditions favor species with traits linked to colonization; and (b) become more similar between regeneration and overstorey layers as environmen ...
DOI:
10.1111/avsc.12538