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humandiseases, etc ; Escherichia coli O157; acid tolerance; carbon dioxide; culture media; electron transport chain; food microbiology; food safety; food spoilage; public health; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; risk; transcriptomics; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Under stressful conditions, bacteria can enter viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state to survive. VBNC cells lost ability to grow on routine culture medium but are still alive and may revive in suitable conditions. The revived cells can consume nutrients or produce toxins, leading to food spoilage or human illness, posing great risk to food safety and public health. Previously, we have reported th ...
humandiseases, etc ; Enterovirus; enterovirus Infections; epidemiology; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Enteroviruses (Enterovirus genus, Picornaviridae family) are distributed worldwide and are among the most common causes of human disease globally [...] ...
humandiseases, etc ; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; chromatin; Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Mediator complex controls RNA polymerase II (pol II) activity by coordinating the assembly of pol II regulatory factors at transcription start sites and by mediating interactions between enhancer-bound transcription factors (TFs) and the pol II enzyme. Mediator structure and function is completely altered upon binding the Mediator kinase module, a multi-subunit complex that contains CDK8 or it ...
humandiseases, etc ; ligands; microRNA; molecular biology; peptides; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The microRNAs are non-coding RNAs which post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of many eukaryotic genes, and whose dysregulation is a driver of human disease. Here we report the discovery of a very slow (0.1 s⁻¹) conformational rearrangement at the Dicer cleavage site of pre-miR-21, which regulates the relative concentration of readily- and inefficiently-processed RNA structural states. We ...
humandiseases, etc ; genomics; metabolism; metabolomics; organelles; phenotype; therapeutics; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Metabolic anomalies contribute to tissue dysfunction. Current metabolism research spans from organelles to populations, and new technologies can accommodate investigation across these scales. Here, we review recent advancements in metabolic analysis, including small-scale metabolomics techniques amenable to organelles and rare cell types, functional screening to explore how cells respond to metabo ...
humandiseases, etc ; ecology; homeostasis; insects; manganese; organelles; toxicity; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Manganese is an essential element for maintaining life. Overexposure to the metal, however, can be toxic to organisms. Given the significant function of manganese in insects, agriculture, and human disease, as well as in the healthy ecology of the planet, the biological activities of manganese in insects needs consideration. Because of the role of manganese as a cofactor for essential enzymes pres ...
humandiseases, etc ; biomarkers; biotechnology; humans; landscapes; pathogenesis; therapeutics; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Over the past decade, our understanding of human diseases has rapidly grown from the rise of single-cell spatial biology. While conventional tissue imaging has focused on visualizing morphological features, the development of multiplex tissue imaging from fluorescence-based methods to DNA- and mass cytometry-based methods has allowed visualization of over 60 markers on a single tissue section. The ...
humandiseases, etc ; animal welfare; biomarkers; experimental design; obesity; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mice are the most common animal used to study disease, but there are real concerns about the reproducibility of many of these experiments. This review discusses how several different sources of chronic stress can directly impact experimental outcomes. Mandated housing conditions induce an underappreciated level of chronic stress but are not usually considered or reported as part of the experimenta ...
humandiseases, etc ; DNA; RNA; gene expression; genes; transcription (genetics); Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The most stable structure of DNA is the canonical right-handed double helix termed B DNA. However, certain environments and sequence motifs favor alternative conformations, termed non-canonical secondary structures. The roles of DNA and RNA secondary structures in transcriptional regulation remain incompletely understood. However, advances in high-throughput assays have enabled genome wide charact ...
humandiseases, etc ; animal use alternatives; biotechnology; laboratories; laboratory animals; India; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The fact that animal models fail to replicate human disease faithfully is now being widely accepted by researchers across the globe. As a result, they are exploring the use of alternatives to animal models. The time has come to refine our experimental practices, reduce the numbers and eventually replace the animals used in research with human-derived and human-relevant 3-D disease models. Oncoseek ...
humandiseases, etc ; brucellosis; flocks; humans; models; sheep; vaccination; vaccines; Greece; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, the vaccination coverage, serological sampling and infection rate of sheep and goats were evaluated as predictors for the modeling of human brucellosis in Greece. The human brucellosis disease frequency per local regional unit (RU) varied significantly (RR90) among consecutive years. The notification rate was higher (p < 0.001) in the RUs with implementation of vaccination in sheep ...
humandiseases, etc ; cells; fields; human health; protein structure; proteins; wills; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... With recent dramatic advances in various techniques used for protein structure research, we asked researchers to comment on the next exciting questions for the field and about how these techniques will advance our knowledge not only about proteins but also about human health and diseases. ...
humandiseases, etc ; biosensors; death; economic impact; food safety; nucleic acids; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Food-borne pathogens are a severe threat to human illness and death world-wide. Researchers have reported more than 250 food-borne diseases. Most of these are infections caused by a wide variety of bacteria, viruses, and parasites. It has a significant economic impact also. Detection of pathogenic microbes is thus essential for food safety. Such identification techniques could meet the following p ...
humandiseases, etc ; Getah virus; cattle; glycoproteins; membrane fusion; pathogenicity; viruses; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Getah virus (GETV) is a member of the alphavirus genus, and it infects a variety of animal species, including horses, pigs, cattle, and foxes. Human infection with this virus has also been reported. The structure of GETV has not yet been determined. In this study, we report the cryo-EM structure of GETV at a resolution of 3.5 Å. This structure reveals conformational polymorphism of the envelope gl ...
Ryan L. Collins; Joseph T. Glessner; Eleonora Porcu; Maarja Lepamets; Rhonda Brandon; Christopher Lauricella; Lide Han; Theodore Morley; Lisa-Marie Niestroj; Jacob Ulirsch; Selin Everett; Daniel P. Howrigan; Philip M. Boone; Jack Fu; Konrad J. Karczewski; Georgios Kellaris; Chelsea Lowther; Diane Lucente; Kiana Mohajeri; Margit Nõukas; Xander Nuttle; Kaitlin E. Samocha; Mi Trinh; Farid Ullah; Urmo Võsa; Matthew E. Hurles; Swaroop Aradhya; Erica E. Davis; Hilary Finucane; James F. Gusella; Aura Janze; Nicholas Katsanis; Ludmila Matyakhina; Benjamin M. Neale; David Sanders; Stephanie Warren; Jennelle C. Hodge; Dennis Lal; Douglas M. Ruderfer; Jeanne Meck; Reedik Mägi; Tõnu Esko; Alexandre Reymond; Zoltán Kutalik; Hakon Hakonarson; Shamil Sunyaev; Harrison Brand; Michael E. Talkowski; Andres Metspalu; Mari Nelis; Lili Milani; Epi25 Consortium; Estonian Biobank Research Team
humandiseases, etc ; artificial intelligence; genes; haploinsufficiency; human population; humans; risk; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rare copy-number variants (rCNVs) include deletions and duplications that occur infrequently in the global human population and can confer substantial risk for disease. In this study, we aimed to quantify the properties of haploinsufficiency (i.e., deletion intolerance) and triplosensitivity (i.e., duplication intolerance) throughout the human genome. We harmonized and meta-analyzed rCNVs from nea ...
humandiseases, etc ; automation; computer software; diabetes; image analysis; immunohistochemistry; microscopy; Fiji; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Quantification of cell populations in tissue sections is frequently examined in studies of human disease. However, traditional manual imaging of sections stained with immunohistochemistry is laborious, time-consuming, and often assesses fields of view rather than the whole tissue section. The analysis is usually manual or utilises expensive proprietary image analysis platforms. Whole-slide imaging ...
humandiseases, etc ; DNA-directed RNA polymerase; RNA; metabolites; molecular biology; separation; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The regulation of RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcription requires a complex and context-specific array of proteins and protein complexes, as well as nucleic acids and metabolites. Every major physiological process requires coordinated transcription of specific sets of genes at the appropriate time, and a breakdown in this regulation is a hallmark of human disease. A proliferation of recent studi ...
humandiseases, etc ; biomedical research; bioreactors; genes; rabbits; somatic cells; stem cells; therapeutics; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) shows great value in the generation of transgenic animals, protection of endangered animals, and stem cell therapy. The combination of SCNT and gene editing has produced a variety of genetically modified animals for life science and medical research. Rabbits have unique advantages as transgenic bioreactors and human disease models; however, the low SCNT efficie ...
humandiseases, etc ; disease diagnosis; epigenetics; humans; phenotype; precision medicine; protein-protein interactions; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The increasingly appreciated prevalence of complicated stressor‐to‐phenotype associations in human disease requires a greater understanding of how specific stressors affect systems or interactome properties. Many currently untreatable diseases arise due to variations in, and through a combination of, multiple stressors of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental nature. Unfortunately, how such stres ...