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1. M cells of mouse and human Peyer's patches mediate the lymphatic absorption of an Astragalus hyperbranched heteroglycan

Author:
Quanwei Zhang; Shuang Hao; Lifeng Li; Man Liu; Chuying Huo; Wanrong Bao; Huiyuan Cheng; Hauyee Fung; Tinlong Wong; Wenjie Wu; Pingchung Leung; Shunchun Wang; Ting Li; Ge Zhang; Min Li; Zhongzhen Zhao; Wei Jia; Zhaoxiang Bian; Timothy Mitchison; Jingchao Zhang; Aiping Lyu; Quanbin Han
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2022 v.296 pp. 119952
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; absorption; cell walls; humans; mice; physiological transport; polysaccharides;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The gut cell wall is considered an impenetrable barrier to orally administrated polysaccharides. We recently reported a selective lymphatic route for Radix Astragali polysaccharide RAP to enter Peyer's patches (PPs) to trigger immune responses. However, how RAP enters PPs is unclear. Herein, we screened the intestinal epithelial cells of mice and found that the follicle-associated epithelium cells ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119952

2. Passive absorption across gastrointestinal tissues in vitro and postharvest distribution of loline alkaloid in lambs

Author:
K.A. Froehlich; A.W. Greer
Source:
Animal 2022 v.1 no.1 pp. 100018
ISSN:
2772-6940
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; abomasum; absorption; anthelmintics; blood plasma; caffeine; liver; toxicity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Loline alkaloid has suggested antimicrobial and anthelmintic properties with very low mammalian toxicity. There are several known derivatives of loline; N-formyl loline (NFL), N-acetyl loline (NAL), N-acetyl norloline (NANL), N-methyl loline (NML), and loline base. However, these must reach the abomasum or intestine and then be absorbed to have any potential effect. Therefore, passive absorption i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.anopes.2022.100018

3. Soya saponin fails to improve the antioxidation and immune function of laying hens with antibiotics treated

Author:
Peng Li; Mingkun Gao; Bochen Song; Shaojia Yan; Yizhu Zhao; Lu Gong; Yongfa Liu; Zengpeng Lv; Yuming Guo
Source:
Poultry science 2022 v.101 no.8 pp. 101921
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; antibiotics; antioxidants; diet; flora; immune response; oviposition; saponins;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soya saponin (SS) helps to improve antioxidant and immune function of body, and intestinal bacteria might play an important role here. In the present study, the co-occurring network of the ileal flora was analyzed with 50 mg/kg SS supplemented to the diet, and Romboutsia was found to have evolved into a dominant flora. In addition, the co-occurring network of the flora was changed with the combine ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2022.101921

4. Dietary Soluble Non-Starch Polysaccharide Level Influences Performance, Nutrient Utilisation and Disappearance of Non-Starch Polysaccharides in Broiler Chickens

Author:
Hong T. Nguyen; Michael R. Bedford; Shu-Biao Wu; Natalie K. Morgan
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; digestibility; digestible carbohydrates; energy; feed intake; nutrient utilization;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study evaluated the effect of dietary soluble non-starch polysaccharides (sNSP) on performance and nutrient utilisation in broilers from d 0 to 35. Cobb 500 broilers (n = 480, 80 birds per treatment) were fed either wheat- or corn-soybean meal-based diets formulated to contain either a high, medium, or low sNSP content, in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, fed as Starter (d 0–14) and Grower (d 1 ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12050547

5. Impact of Rearing Strategies on the Metabolizable Energy and SID Lysine Partitioning in Pigs Growing from 90 to 200 kg in Body Weight

Author:
Stefano Schiavon; Isaac Hyeladi Malgwi; Diana Giannuzzi; Gianluca Galassi; Luca Rapetti; Paolo Carnier; Veronika Halas; Luigi Gallo
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; lipids; low calorie diet; lysine; metabolizable energy; slaughter weight;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The current nutrient recommendations focus on pigs fed ad libitum up to 140 kg in body weight (BW). It remains unclear whether this applies to pigs weighing above 140 kg in BW under different rearing conditions. This study aimed to estimate protein (Pd) and lipid (Ld) depositions and the metabolizable energy (ME), standardized ileal digestible lysine (SID lysine) requirement and partitioning in 22 ...
DOI:
10.3390/ani12060689

6. Metabolizable energy and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of full-fat soybeans for broilers are influenced by wet-heating, expansion temperature, and autoclaving time

Author:
M.R. Abdollahi; M. Wiltafsky-Martin; F. Zaefarian; V. Ravindran
Source:
Poultry science 2022 v.101 no.9 pp. 102016
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; autoclaving; digestibility; digestible amino acids; energy; metabolizable energy; temperature;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The influence of wet-heating (WH) and expansion temperature (ET), and autoclaving time (AT) on the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEₙ) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in full-fat soybeans (FFSB) for broilers was examined in 2 experiments. The AMEₙ and SID AA of FFSB were determined by the difference and direct methods, respectively. In Experiment 1, raw FFSB (K ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2022.102016

7. Protein Quality in Perspective: A Review of Protein Quality Metrics and Their Applications

Author:
Shiksha Adhikari; Marijke Schop; Imke J. M. de Boer; Thom Huppertz
Source:
Nutrients 2022 v.14 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; amino acid composition; amino acids; digestibility; protein value; risk;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... For design of healthy and sustainable diets and food systems, it is important to consider not only the quantity but also the quality of nutrients. This is particularly important for proteins, given the large variability in amino acid composition and digestibility between dietary proteins. This article reviews measurements and metrics in relation to protein quality, but also their application. Prot ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu14050947

8. Distribution of intraepithelial lymphocytes, mast cells, and goblet cells in the intestine of alpaca

Author:
Meng Ma; Xue Bai; Zixu Wang; Yulan Dong; Yaoxing Chen; Jing Cao
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2022 v.51 no.4 pp. 501-508
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; alpacas; colon; cytoplasm; immunohistochemistry; intestinal mucosa; mucosal immunity; serosa;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Intestinal diseases in ruminants are frequent and susceptible to invasion by exogenous substances, and the intestinal mucosal barrier is the first line of defence of the body's immune defence. At present, the study on the structure of intestinal mucosal immune barrier in alpaca is incomplete. Therefore, the alpaca intestines were studied to show the distribution characteristics of intestinal mucos ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12823

9. Effect of dietary β-Mannanase addition on performance, pododermatitis, and intestinal morphology as well as digesta Clostridium perfringens in broiler chickens: a pilot study

Author:
Amr Abd El-Wahab; Marwa Fawzy ElMetwaly Ahmed; Bernd Reckels; Benjamin Schiel; Christian Visscher; Josef Kamphues
Source:
Annals of animal science 2022 v.22 no.3 pp. 1027-1039
ISSN:
2300-8733
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; Clostridium perfringens; body weight; diet; digesta; pododermatitis; villi; xylanases;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... This preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the effects of β-mannanase in diets of broilers on performance, pododermatitis, intestinal morphology, and digesta Clostridium perfringens counts. A total of 264 broilers (Ross 308) were randomly allotted to four treatments. A wheat-soybean based diet (CO) was supplemented with either 0.15 g xylanase/kg (XY), 0.15 g xylanase/kg + 110 mL β-mannanase/ ...
DOI:
10.2478/aoas-2022-0023

10. Histological study of diurnal changes in bacterial settlement in the rat alimentary tract

Author:
Nanami Sakata; Youhei Mantani; Satoki Nakanishi; Rinako Morishita; Toshifumi Yokoyama; Nobuhiko Hoshi
Source:
Cell and tissue research 2022 v.389 no.1 pp. 71-83
ISSN:
0302-766X
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; biological rhythms; epithelium; esophagus; histology; mucus; rats; research; stomach;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The composition of fecal bacteria is reported to change throughout the day, whereas the circadian rhythmicity of indigenous bacteria that settle on the epithelium is mostly unknown. The present study aimed to clarify the diurnal changes in the settlement of indigenous bacteria in the rat alimentary tract using histological analysis. The settlement of indigenous bacteria on the mucosal epithelium t ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00441-022-03626-9

11. Enterocolitis in goats associated with enterotoxaemia in the perspective of two toxins: Epsilon toxin and beta-2 toxin – An immunohistochemical and molecular study

Author:
N.K. Gangwar; R.V.S. Pawaiya; K. Gururaj; Dimple Andani; A. Kumar; R. Singh; A.P. Singh
Source:
Comparative immunology, microbiology, and infectious diseases 2022 v.87 pp. 101837
ISSN:
0147-9571
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; Clostridium perfringens D; bacterial toxins; enterocolitis; enterotoxemia; goats; immunohistochemistry; pathogenesis;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Caprine intestinal diseases associated with clostridia are generally caused by Cpa and Etx encoded alpha (α) and epsilon (ε) toxinotypes of Clostridium perfringens type D respectively. A recent study on goat enterocolitis, demonstrated that the incidence of Clostridium perfringens type-D toxinotype and beta 2 toxins is high, suggesting its role in enterocolitis and many other diseases of goats aff ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101837

12. Influence of age and dietary cellulose levels on ileal endogenous energy losses in broiler chickens

Author:
M.M. Khalil; M.R. Abdollahi; F. Zaefarian; P.V. Chrystal; V. Ravindran
Source:
Poultry science 2022 v.101 no.7 pp. 101948
ISSN:
0032-5791
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; cellulose; digesta; dry matter intake; energy; experimental diets; titanium dioxide;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of age and dietary cellulose levels on the ileal endogenous energy losses (IEEL) in broiler chickens. In experiment 1, a glucose-based purified diet was used to determine the IEEL. Titanium dioxide (5.0 g/kg) was added to the diet as an indigestible marker. Six groups of broiler chickens aged 1 to 7, 8 to 14, 15 to 21, 22 to 28, 29 to 35 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.psj.2022.101948

13. Breaking down a gut-to-brain circuit that prevents malabsorption

Author:
Brooke C. Jarvie; Zachary A. Knight
Source:
Cell 2022 v.185 no.14 pp. 2393-2395
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; absorption; appetite; gastrointestinal motility; glucagon-like peptide 1; malabsorption; obesity;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The ileal brake is an important reflex that ensures proper absorption of nutrients. This involves intestinal GLP-1 release, which recruits an enteric-sympathetic-spinal pathway to inhibit gastric motility and appetite. This visceral alarm system could be targeted to treat obesity and gastrointestinal dysfunction. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.012

14. Ileal Pouch–Anal Anastomosis and Pouchitis: The Role of the Microbiota in the Pathogenesis and Therapy

Author:
Roberto Gabbiadini; Arianna Dal Buono; Carmen Correale; Antonino Spinelli; Alessandro Repici; Alessandro Armuzzi; Giulia Roda
Source:
Nutrients 2022 v.14 no.13 pp. -
ISSN:
2072-6643
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; digestive tract; dysbiosis; etiology; inflammation; microorganisms; pathogenesis; surgery; ulcerative colitis;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are life-long disorders characterized by the chronic relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with the intermittent need for escalation treatment and, eventually, even surgery. The total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the surgical intervention of choice in subjects affected by ulcerative c ...
DOI:
10.3390/nu14132610

15. Animal Model of Video-Assisted Cecum and Ileum Instrumentation for Equine Visceral Pain Study

Author:
Francisco Décio de Oliveira Monteiro; Luisa Pucci Bueno Borges; Thiago da Silva Cardoso; Pedro Paulo Maia Teixeira; Darcio Zangirolami Filho; Vitor Cibiac Sartori; Rodrigo Norberto Pereira; Fabíola Niederauer Flores; Cássia Maria Molinaro Coelho; Marco Augusto Machado Silva; Carlos Augusto Araújo Valadão
Source:
Journal of equine veterinary science 2022 v.108 pp. 103799
ISSN:
0737-0806
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; analgesics; animal models; cecum; horses; instrumentation; pain; pain assessment; veterinary medicine;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study aimed to describe an animal model for studying equine visceral pain using minimally invasive and video-assisted cecum and ileum instrumentation. The access to the cecum and ileum was affected because of a previous typhlostomy. For video-assisted distention of the cecum and ileum, a distention device, which we developed using an endotracheal Rusch probe, was used, adapted, and coupled to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103799

16. Digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) is greater in animal-based burgers than in plant-based burgers if determined in pigs

Author:
Natalia S. Fanelli; Hannah M. Bailey; Tyler W. Thompson; Robert Delmore; Mahesh Narayanan Nair; Hans H. Stein
Source:
European journal of nutrition 2022 v.61 no.1 pp. 461-475
ISSN:
1436-6207
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; amino acids; beef; cannulas; crude protein; digesta; ingredients; pork; protein value;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... PURPOSE: Determine digestible indispensable amino acid score (DIAAS) for animal- and plant-based burgers and test the hypothesis that DIAAS calculated for a burger and a burger bun is additive in a combined meal. METHODS: Ten ileal cannulated gilts were fed experimental diets for six 9-d periods with ileal digesta being collected on d 8 and 9 of each period. Six diets contained a burger (i.e., 80% ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00394-021-02658-1

17. Dataset of ileum bacterial diversity in mice after heart failure due to pressure overload

Author:
Martina E. Spehlmann; Dhiraj P. Dhotre; Nesrin Schmiedel; Nikita Chavan; Corinna Bang; Ashraf Y. Rangrez
Source:
Data in Brief 2022 v.44 pp. 108498
ISSN:
2352-3409
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; bioinformatics; data collection; dysbiosis; genes; heart failure; intestinal microorganisms; metabolomics; mice;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... We recently reported the correlation of gut bacterial diversity with heart failure using a mouse model of heart failure due to pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). We found that gut the bacterial diversity is significantly altered and is directly correlated to the severity of heart failure (Heart Failure Severity Closely Correlates with Intestinal Dysbiosis and Subseq ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.dib.2022.108498

18. ssc-microRNA-132 targets DACH1 to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in Clostridium perfringens beta2 toxin-treated porcine intestinal epithelial cells

Author:
Kaihui Xie; Zunqiang Yan; Wei Wang; Ruirui Luo; Xiaoli Gao; Pengfei Wang; Qiaoli Yang; Xiaoyu Huang; Juanli Zhang; Jiaojiao Yang; Shuangbao Gun
Source:
Developmental and comparative immunology 2022 v.127 pp. 104270
ISSN:
0145-305X
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; Clostridium perfringens; Dachshund; apoptosis; bioluminescence assay; diarrhea; immunology; inflammation; toxins; virulence;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) type C (CPC) is one of the chief pathogens that causes diarrhea in piglets, and C. perfringens beta2 (CPB2) toxin is the main virulence factor of CPC. Our previous research demonstrated that ssc-microR-132 was differentially expressed in ileal tissues of CPC-mediated diarrheic piglets and healthy piglets, which implied a potential role of ssc-microR-132 in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.dci.2021.104270

19. Delay of Feed Post-Hatch Causes Changes in Expression of Immune-Related Genes and Their Correlation with Components of Gut Microbiota, but Does Not Affect Protein Expression

Author:
Miska Katarzyna B.; Kahl Stanislaw; Schreier Lori L.; Russell Beverly; Kpodo Kouassi R.; Wegla Monika K.
Source:
Animals 2022 v.12 no.10 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2615
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; Clostridium perfringens; Enterococcus; chickens; immune response; immune system; intestinal microorganisms; poultry industry;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Newly hatched chicks do not have access to feed until 48-72 h post-hatch based on standard practices in the poultry industry. How these practices affect the chicken's immune system is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of a 48-h delay in access to feed on the expression of specific immune-related genes in the gut (ileum) of newly hatched chicks. We also analyzed the cor ...
Handle:
10113/7788754
DOI:
10.3390/ani12101316

20. Leukocyte numbers and intestinal mucosal morphometrics in horses with no clinical intestinal disease

Author:
Guido Rocchigiani; Emanuele Ricci; Mauricio A. Navarro; Monika A. Samol; Francisco A. Uzal
Source:
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2022 v.34 no.3 pp. 389-395
ISSN:
1943-4936
Subject:
ileum,   etc   ; Protozoa; Thoroughbred; colon; duodenum; eosinophils; jejunum; macrophages; morphometry; musculoskeletal system; neutrophils; villi;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Healthy horses and other animals have large numbers of resident leukocytes in the intestinal wall, but there is scant information regarding which and how many leukocytes are normally present in the equine intestinal wall. Our aim was to provide a reference range of leukocytes in the intestinal mucosal and submucosal propria of normal horses. We included in our study intestinal tissues from 22 Thor ...
DOI:
10.1177/10406387211031944