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adaptive immunity; innate immunity, etc ; digestive system; humans; interferons; intestinal microorganisms; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The interferon (IFN) response is the major early innate immune response against invading viral pathogens and is even capable of mediating sterilizing antiviral immunity without the support of the adaptive immune system. Cumulative evidence suggests that the gut microbiota can modulate IFN responses, indirectly determining virological outcomes. This review outlines our current knowledge of the inte ...
... The present study aimed to evaluate the cell-mediated and the humoral immune response to Romanian sheep pox vaccine in pregnant cows (n = 12) vaccinated at different times of gestation period and the duration of maternal immunity in calves born to these cows. Evaluation of cellular immunity revealed an increase in lymphocytic proliferation that peaked at 10th day post vaccination (dpv) then gradua ...
humoral immunity; mucosal immunity, etc ; Enterovirus C; immunization; intestines; risk; risk reduction; serotypes; vaccines; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Delivering inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) with oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in campaigns has been explored to accelerate the control of type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) outbreaks. A review of scientific literature suggests that among populations with high prevalence of OPV failure, a booster with IPV after at least two doses of OPV may close remaining humoral and mucosa ...
cell-mediated immunity; innate immunity, etc ; T-lymphocytes; anesthesia; immunopathology; immunosuppression; mammary neoplasms (animal); metastasis; neutrophils; surgery; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Surgical procedures can affect host immunity proportionally to the extent of surgical trauma. In cancer cases, surgery-induced immunosuppression can potentially promote tumour metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate, in bitches with malignant mammary tumours, whether major surgery (total unilateral mastectomy or bilateral regional mastectomy) has a more negative effect than minor surg ...
... Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease with complicated immunopathology which necessitates considering multifactorial aspects for its management. Nano-sized pharmaceutical carriers named nanoparticles (NPs) can support impressive management of disease not only in early detection and prognosis level but also in a therapeutic manner. The most prominent initiator of MS is the domination of ...
... Malaria parasites replicate within the liver shortly after infection. This stage can be controlled by CD8 T cells, but which subsets undertake this function is unclear. Lefebvre et al. now elegantly show that effector memory T (TEM) cells are avid participants, working as a dynamic duo with liver tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells to combat infection. ...
immunity, etc ; chitin; chitooligosaccharides; elicitors; ligands; symbiosis; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... CERK1 (Chitin Elicitor Receptor Kinase 1), a lysin motif‐containing pattern recognition receptor (PRR), perceives chitooligosaccharides (COs) to mount immune and symbiotic responses. However, CERK1, for a relatively long time, has been regarded as a co‐receptor in plant immunity, mainly due to its lack of high binding affinity to known elicitors. Recent studies demonstrated several novel carbohydr ...
... Plant intracellular immune receptors known as NLR (nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat) proteins confer immunity and cause cell death. Plant NLR proteins that directly or indirectly recognize pathogen effector proteins to initiate immune signalling are regarded as sensor NLRs. Some NLR protein families function downstream of sensor NLRs to transduce immune signalling and are known as helper NLR ...
innate immunity, etc ; Geminiviridae; plant hormones; viruses; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Viruses belonging to the family Geminiviridae infect plants and are responsible for a number of diseases of crops in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of the World. The innate immune response of the plant assists in its defense against such viral pathogens by the recognition of pathogen/microbe-associated molecular patterns through pattern-recognition receptors. Phytohormone signalling pathway ...
... Poxviruses are a family of specialized cytoplasm-parasitic DNA viruses that replicate and assembly in virus factory. In Parapoxvirus (PPV) genus, with the orf virus (ORFV) as a representative species of this genus, their behaviors are significantly different from that of Orthopoxvirus, and the plots of viral practical solutions for evading host immunity are intricate and fascinating, particularly ...
innate immunity, etc ; Gammaherpesvirinae; humans; molecular biology; therapeutics; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gammaherpesviruses are ubiquitous pathogens that establish lifelong infections in the vast majority of adults worldwide. Importantly, these viruses are associated with numerous malignancies and are responsible for significant human cancer burden. These virus-associated cancers are due, in part, to the ability of gammaherpesviruses to successfully evade the innate immune response throughout the cou ...
immunity, etc ; Orthohepevirus A; interferons; mitochondria; virus replication; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is the leading cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)-mediated interferon (IFN) response plays a pivotal role in hepatic antiviral immunity. However, little is known about the effect of overexpression of MAVS on HEV infection. Full-length MAVS (FL-MAVS) is the main form of MAVS that increases the production of IFNs ...
immunity, etc ; defense mechanisms; elicitors; paper; pathogens; planting; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plants rely on PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) to detect invading pathogens and subsequently activate defense mechanisms. Recently, four Nature papers (Yuan et al., Ngou et al., Pruitt et al., and Tian et al.)demonstrated that important components in PTI and ETI are required for both PTI and ETI, and PTI and ETI potentiate each other to achieve stronger plant de ...
Maryam Ali Mohammadie Kojour; Snigdha Baliarsingh; Ho Am Jang; Keunho Yun; Ki Beom Park; Jong Eun Lee; Yeon Soo Han; Bharat Bhusan Patnaik; Yong Hun Jo
cell-mediated immunity; innate immunity, etc ; Tenebrio molitor; antigens; antimicrobial peptides; immune response; immunologic memory; industry; invertebrates; mass rearing; memory; pathogens; transcription (genetics); Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Vertebrates rely on the most sophisticated adaptive immunity to defend themselves against various pathogens. This includes immunologic memory cells, which mount a stronger and more effective immune response against an antigen after its first encounter. Unlike vertebrates, invertebrates’ defense completely depends on the innate immunity mechanisms including humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Furth ...
immunity, etc ; biocompatible materials; cold; immunostimulants; immunotherapy; neoplasms; remission; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Landmark successes in oncoimmunology have led to development of therapeutics boosting the host immune system to eradicate local and distant tumors with impactful tumor reduction in a subset of patients. However, current immunotherapy modalities often demonstrate limited success when involving immunologically cold tumors and solid tumors. Here, we describe the role of various biomaterials to formul ...
immunity, etc ; DNA; coevolution; eukaryotic cells; fossils; genome; transposons; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Paleovirology is the study of ancient viruses and how they have coevolved with their hosts. An increasingly detailed understanding of the diversity, origins, and evolution of the DNA viruses of eukaryotes has been obtained through the lens of paleovirology in recent years. Members of multiple viral families have been found integrated in the genomes of eukaryotes, providing a rich fossil record to ...
immunity, etc ; agriculture; biotic stress; cell death; plant growth; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cell death is an important physiological phenomenon in life. It can be programmed or unprogrammed. Unprogrammed cell death is usually induced by abiotic or biotic stress. Recent studies have shown that many proteins regulate both cell death and immunity in plants. Here, we provide a review on the advances in plant immunity with cell death, especially the molecular regulation and underlying mechani ...
immunity, etc ; coevolution; plant biology; prediction; structural biology; virulence; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Filamentous plant pathogens cause disease in numerous economically important crops. These pathogens secrete virulence proteins, termed effectors, that modulate host cellular processes and promote infection. Plants have evolved immunity receptors that detect effectors and activate defence pathways, resulting in resistance to the invading pathogen. This leads to an evolutionary arms race between pat ...
innate immunity, etc ; biotechnology; humans; mice; research and development; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Trained immunity is a biological concept that has been demonstrated in different animal species, including human beings. Evidences indicate that innate immune cells can be trained and have a “memory”. Under this concept, studies have shown that a first stimulus can potentiate immune responses upon a second one or protect upon homologous or heterologous pathogenic challenges. Research progress on t ...
cross immunity; mucosal immunity, etc ; Influenza A virus; blood serum; influenza vaccines; live vaccines; nose; swine; swine influenza; vaccination; viral nonstructural proteins; viruses; Europe; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Control of swine influenza A virus (swIAV) in North America and Europe is complicated because multiple antigenically distinct swIAV strains co-circulate in the field, and no vaccine is available that can provide broad cross-protection against all these swIAVs. In 2017, the first live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) for swine was licensed in the US. The non-structural protein 1 (NS1)-truncated ...