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1. Training the metaorganism: the microbial counterpart

Author:
King, Irah L.; Divangahi, Maziar
Source:
Cell 2021 v.184 no.3 pp. 574-576
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; immunization; memory; microorganisms;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Infection or immunization can reprogram innate immune cells generating memory responses with broad protection against subsequent infection, a process referred to as “trained immunity.” A new study by Stacy and colleagues demonstrates that, following acute infection, the commensal microbiota can also be “trained” to enhance colonization resistance against heterologous infection. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.009

2. Dendritic cell metabolism: moving beyond in vitro-culture-generated paradigms

Author:
Minarrieta, Lucía; Velasquez, Lis Noelia; Sparwasser, Tim; Berod, Luciana
Source:
Current opinion in biotechnology 2021 v.68 pp. 202-212
ISSN:
0958-1669
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; biotechnology; dendritic cells; metabolism;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dendritic cells (DCs) are key orchestrators of immunity and tolerance. It has become evident that DC function can be influenced by cellular metabolic programs. However, conclusions from early metabolic studies using in vitro GM-CSF DC cultures fail to correlate with bona fide DC populations. Here, we discuss the existing paradigms in the DC metabolism field, focusing on the limitations of the mode ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.copbio.2020.12.010

3. Immune landscape and therapeutic strategies: new insights into PD-L1 in tumors

Author:
Wei, Yuan; Xiao, Xiao; Lao, Xiang-Ming; Zheng, Limin; Kuang, Dong-Ming
Source:
Cellular and molecular life sciences 2021 v.78 no.3 pp. 867-887
ISSN:
1420-682X
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; T-lymphocytes; remission; therapeutics;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... PD-1/PD-L1 axis represents an important target for renormalizing and resetting anti-tumor immunity in cancer patients. Currently, anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy has been applied in a broad spectrum of tumors and has yielded durable remission in patients. However, how to further broaden the application, guide personalized therapeutic strategies, and improve clinical responses remains a vital task. At pres ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00018-020-03637-1

4. Differential Ubiquitination of BIK1 Fine-Tunes Plant Immunity

Author:
Xu, Guangyuan; Meng, Xiangzong; Dou, Daolong
Source:
Trends in plant science 2021 v.26 no.1 pp. 2-4
ISSN:
1360-1385
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; Arabidopsis thaliana; lead; ubiquitination;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Botrytis-Induced Kinase 1 (BIK1) is a convergent and central signaling component in plant immunity. Recent studies in Arabidopsis thaliana by Wang et al. and Ma et al. have revealed that polyubiquitination and monoubiquitination of BIK1 lead to the attenuation or activation of immune signaling, respectively. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tplants.2020.09.007

5. Immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides from Ganoderma on immune effector cells

Author:
Ren, Li; Zhang, Jie; Zhang, Tiehua
Source:
Food chemistry 2021 v.340 pp. 127933
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
cell-mediated immunity; humoral immunity; innate immunity,   etc   ; Ganoderma; Oriental traditional medicine; food chemistry; immune system; polysaccharides;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Polysaccharides are the most abundant bioactive compounds in Ganoderma and have been widely used as dietary supplements in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Polysaccharides from Ganoderma exhibit unique biological properties, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. Herein, the sources and structures of polysaccharides from Ganoderma were present ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127933

6. Complement component factor B has thrombin-like activity

Author:
Takahashi, Kazue; Banda, Nirmal K.; Holers, V. Michael; Van Cott, Elizabeth M.
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2021 v.552 pp. 17-22
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
innate immunity,   etc   ; Limulus; coagulation; complement; research; thrombin;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Serine proteases are fundamental components of biology, including innate immunity, which is systematically orchestrated in an orderly, balanced fashion in the healthy host. Such serine proteases are found in two well-recognized pathways of an innate immune network, coagulation and complement. Both pathways, if uncontrolled due to a variety of causes, are pathogenic in numerous diseases, including ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.134

7. Skin lipids in health and disease: A review

Author:
Knox, Sophie; O’Boyle, Niamh M.
Source:
Chemistry and physics of lipids 2021 v.236 pp. 105055
ISSN:
0009-3084
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; lipid composition; physics; sensation; skin (animal);     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Our skin is the interface between us and our environment – a flexible barrier that has evolved for protection, immunity, regulation and sensation. Once regarded as inert, we now know that it is a dynamic environment. Skin lipids are crucial to the structure and function of skin. From deep in the hypodermis, through the ceramide-rich epidermis, to the lipids of the skin surface, there are a vast ar ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105055

8. Systematic literature review of cross-protective effect of HPV vaccines based on data from randomized clinical trials and real-world evidence

Author:
Brown, Darron R.; Joura, Elmar A.; Yen, Glorian P.; Kothari, Smita; Luxembourg, Alain; Saah, Alfred; Walia, Anuj; Perez, Gonzalo; Khoury, Hanane; Badgley, Danielle; Stanley, Margaret
Source:
Vaccine 2021 v.39 no.16 pp. 2224-2236
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
cross immunity,   etc   ; chronic diseases; durability; vaccines;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The extent of cross-protection provided by currently licensed bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines versus direct protection against HPV 31-, 33-, 45-, 52-, and 58-related disease is debated. A systematic literature review was conducted to establish the duration and magnitude of cross-protection in interventional and observational studies.PubMed and Embase databases were searched to identify rand ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.11.076

9. Dynamic spatial reorganization of BSK1 complexes in the plasma membrane underpins signal-specific activation for growth and immunity

Author:
Su, Bodan; Zhang, Xi; Li, Li; Abbas, Sammar; Yu, Meng; Cui, Yaning; Baluška, František; Hwang, Inhwan; Shan, Xiaoyi; Lin, Jinxing
Source:
Molecular plant 2021 v.14 no.4 pp. 588-603
ISSN:
1674-2052
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; dissociation; plasma membrane; resource allocation;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Growth and immunity are opposing processes that compete for cellular resources, and proper resource allocation is crucial for plant survival. BSK1 plays a key role in the regulation of both growth and immunity by associating with BRI1 and FLS2, respectively. However, it remains unclear how two antagonistic signals co-opt BSK1 to induce signal-specific activation. Here we show that the dynamic spat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molp.2021.01.019

10. NLRP3 as a sensor of metabolism gone awry

Author:
Neuwirt, Emilia; Gorka, Oliver; Saller, Benedikt S; Groß, Christina J; Madl, Tobias; Groß, Olaf
Source:
Current opinion in biotechnology 2021 v.68 pp. 300-309
ISSN:
0958-1669
Subject:
innate immunity,   etc   ; biotechnology; inflammasomes; inflammation; metabolism;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The NLRP3 inflammasome is an important player in innate immunity and pathogenic inflammation. Numerous studies have implicated it in sensing endogenous danger signals, yet the precise mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we review the current knowledge on the organismal and cellular metabolic triggers engaging NLRP3, and the mechanisms involved in integrating the diverse signals. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.copbio.2021.03.009

11. A novel human anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibody with excellent function in eliciting NK cell-mediated antitumor immunity

Author:
Han, Dong; Xu, Yinfeng; Zhao, Xinping; Mao, Yunyun; Kang, Qinglin; Wen, Weihong; Yu, Xiaoyan; Xu, Lei; Liu, Fujia; Zhang, Mengyao; Cui, Jiazhen; Wang, Zhang; Yang, Zhixin; Du, Peng; Qin, Weijun
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2021 v.534 pp. 134-140
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; biomedical research; humans; monoclonal antibodies; therapeutics;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... TIGIT is an emerging novel checkpoint target that is expressed on both tumor-infiltrating T cells and NK cells. Some current investigational antibodies targeting TIGIT have also achieved dramatic antitumor efficacy in late clinical research. Most recently, the relevance of NK cell–associated TIGIT signaling pathway to tumors’ evasion of the immune system has been clearly revealed, which endows NK ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.12.013

12. Lymphoid follicle antigen (Ag) delivery and enhanced rodent humoral immune responses mediated by Ag-containing PEGylated liposomes

Author:
Shimizu, Taro; Watanabe, Yuki; Ando, Hidenori; Ishima, Yu; Ishida, Tatsuhiro
Source:
Vaccine 2021 v.39 no.7 pp. 1131-1139
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
cell-mediated immunity; humoral immunity,   etc   ; T-lymphocytes; antigens; encapsulation; immunization; intravenous injection; vaccines;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Antigen (Ag) delivery to lymphoid follicles is important in achieving adaptive immunity. We recently developed a novel two-step Ag delivery system that efficiently induces cellular immune responses to Ags in mice by using priming intravenous (i.v.) injections of empty PEGylated liposomes (PEG-Lip) followed 3 days later by Ag-entrapped PEG-Lip (Ag-PEG-lip). In this study, we looked for humoral immu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.01.008

13. Fighting for Fat: Gluttonous Tumors and Starved T Cells

Author:
Goodman, Joshua H.; Ferrante, Anthony W.
Source:
Cell 2020 v.183 no.7 pp. 1739-1741
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; lipids; neoplasms; obesity;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this issue of Cell, Ringel et al. reveal a link between lipid utilization in the tumor microenvironment and anti-tumor immunity in obese mice. These findings provide one explanation for how obesity worsens cancer outcomes and may point to a new metabolic approach to treating some cancers. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.039

14. Crosstalk between metabolism and immunity: the 3rd Annual Research Symposium of Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência

Author:
Amin, Abdulbasit; Neves‐Costa, Ana; Pedroso, Dora; Colaço, Henrique; Coelho, Inês; Mahú, Inês; Badenes, Marina; Duarte, Nádia
Source:
TheFEBS journal 2020 v.287 no.21 pp. 4602-4606
ISSN:
1742-464X
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; immune system; metabolism;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The ‘Crosstalks of immunity and metabolism’ Symposium was focused on how the intercommunication between different organs and the immune system affects organismal health. At this meeting, experts in immunology and metabolic research provided novel insights into the growing field of immunometabolism. This report attempts to review and integrate views, ideas, propositions, and conclusions that emanat ...
DOI:
10.1111/febs.15368

15. Special Issue “Viral Evasion or Suppression of Host Immunity”

Author:
Hahm, Bumsuk
Source:
Viruses 2020 v.12 no.6
ISSN:
1999-4915
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; hosts; viruses;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Viruses have evolved to survive in hosts, presumably by devising meticulous strategies to elude or suppress host immunity [...] ...
DOI:
10.3390/v12060656

16. An integrative toxicogenomic analysis of plastic additives

Author:
Sendra, Marta; Pereiro, Patricia; Figueras, Antonio; Novoa, Beatriz
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2021 v.409 pp. 124975
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; apoptosis; endocrine system; human health; obesity; steroid hormone receptors;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In developed countries, contact with plastics is constant. Plastics contain a vast number of additives such as plasticisers, stabilisers, antioxidants, flame retardants, etc., that can impact human health. Most of them have been studied separately; however, an integrative approach to identify genes, biological processes, molecular functions, and diseases linked to exposure to these compounds has n ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124975

17. A half-century of meningococcal vaccines

Author:
Artenstein, Andrew W.
Source:
Vaccine 2021 v.39 no.17 pp. 2475-2478
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; antibodies; antigens; encapsulation; polysaccharides; serotypes; vaccine development; vaccines;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The first safe and effective vaccine for the prevention of invasive meningococcal disease was created fifty years ago. The vaccine employed a novel platform, polysaccharide capsular antigen, based on the discovery that anticapsular antibody conferred protective immunity in humans. As with most new paradigms in vaccinology, it derived from important basic research from other scientific disciplines ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.03.024

18. Transfected DNA is targeted by STING-mediated restriction

Author:
Gu, Chenjian; Ming, Lijun; Tao, Shuai; Luo, Mengjun; Guo, Huimin; Xie, Youhua; Liu, Jing; Shen, Zhongliang
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2021 v.549 pp. 207-213
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
innate immunity,   etc   ; DNA; RNA interference; interferons; research; transfection;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... DNA transfection is routinely used for delivering expression of gene of interest to target cells. Transfected DNA has been known to activate cellular DNA sensor(s) and innate immune responses, but the effects of such responses on transfected DNA are not fully understood. STING (stimulator of interferon genes) is an important adaptor protein in cellular innate immune response to various DNA and RNA ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.109

19. Systematic literature review of neutralizing antibody immune responses to non-vaccine targeted high-risk HPV types induced by the bivalent and the quadrivalent vaccines

Author:
Stanley, Margaret; Joura, Elmar; Yen, Glorian P.; Kothari, Smita; Luxembourg, Alain; Saah, Alfred; Walia, Anuj; Perez, Gonzalo; Khoury, Hanane; Badgley, Danielle; Brown, Darron R.
Source:
Vaccine 2021 v.39 no.16 pp. 2214-2223
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
cross immunity,   etc   ; durability; immune response; seroconversion; seroprevalence; vaccination; vaccines;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Studies on the cross-protective effect of HPV bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines demonstrated inconsistent findings against additional HPV types covered by the nonavalent vaccine. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review to assess the consistency and durability of the cross-protective neutralizing antibody immune responses of the currently licensed bivalent and qua ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.01.060

20. Sublingual vaccination and delivery systems

Author:
Paris, A.L.; Colomb, E.; Verrier, B.; Anjuère, F.; Monge, C.
Source:
Journal of controlled release 2021 v.332 pp. 553-562
ISSN:
0168-3659
Subject:
immunity,   etc   ; T-lymphocytes; cytotoxicity; mucoadhesion; mucosa; patient compliance; vaccination; vaccines;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Most infectious agents use mucosal tissues as entry portals, thus, mucosae are frequently defined as a first line of defense against pathogens. Mucosal protection generally operates through antibody-mediated and cytotoxic T-cell responses which can be triggered by mucosal vaccines. Sublingual vaccination provides many advantages such as systemic and mucosal responses (both locally and at remote mu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.017