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... Insects comprise more than half of all described species in the animal kingdom and account for a considerable proportion of all biodiversity on the planet [...] ...
... Despite widespread evidence of urban evolution, the adaptive nature of these changes is often unclear. We review different phenotypic and molecular lines of evidence used for assessing urban adaptation, discussing the benefits and limitations of each approach, and rare examples of their integration. We then provide a synthesis of local adaptation to urban and rural environments. These data were dr ...
... Germ plasm is a substance capable of driving naive cells toward the germ cell fate. Germ plasm has had multiple independent origins, and takes on diverse forms and functions throughout animals, including in insects. We describe here recent advances in the understanding of the evolution of germ plasm in insects. A major theme that has emerged is the complex and convoluted interactions of germ plasm ...
insects, etc ; Drosophila melanogaster; coevolution; genome; ligands; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Embryonic dorsal-ventral (DV) patterning by Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) is a conserved feature of Bilateria, based on graded BMP activity set up by diffusible BMP ligands and Chordin/Sog antagonists. In the fly Drosophila melanogaster BMP function is secondary to patterning by the Toll pathway, suggesting a more restricted role for BMPs in insects. With widespread genome sequencing technolo ...
insects, etc ; Sphingidae; body size; flight; hummingbirds; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... To safely navigate their environment, flying insects rely on visual cues, such as optic flow. Which cues insects can extract from their environment depends closely on the spatial and temporal response properties of their visual system. These in turn can vary between individuals that differ in body size. How optic flow-based flight control depends on the spatial structure of visual cues, and how th ...
insects, etc ; humans; protein synthesis; research; toxicity; viruses; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... BacMam system utilizes baculovirus to deliver exogenous genes into mammalian cells and is extensively used for recombinant production of eukaryotic proteins. Here, we described the development of a BacMam vector (pBMCL1), which allows convenient tracing of virus production, provides higher infection efficiency towards mammalian cells, minimizes unwanted transcription of toxic genes in insect cells ...
insects, etc ; Myrmeleon; ecosystems; phenotype; phenotypic plasticity; reproduction; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The biotic and abiotic factors of an ecosystem exert an influence on the behavior and survival of organisms, which adapt to changes in these factors to ensure their reproduction and survival. Phenotypic plasticity regards any type of change induced by the environment without the need for genetic modifications. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the investment of the antlion, Myrm ...
insects, etc ; curriculum; locomotion; neurophysiology; personality; scientists; Germany; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... On January 25, 2022, Professor Hans-Joachim Pflüger passed away. Hans-Joachim Pflüger conducted research in the field of neuroethology, with a focus on the development, anatomy, and function of sensorimotor networks underlying insect locomotion. As founding member and one of the presidents of the German Neuroscience Society, Hans-Joachim Pflüger was a driving force behind the development of the Ne ...
insects, etc ; Monomorium; Paratrechina longicornis; honeydew; pedicel; sensilla; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The mutualistic relationship that occurs between aphids and ants is based on food sources and protection. Honeydew, a rich nutrient source produced by the aphids is utilized by the ants and in turn, they protect the aphids from their natural enemies. The interaction between ants and aphids is chemically mediated and antennal sensilla play an important role in it. In the present investigation, four ...
boring insects, etc ; Spodoptera frugiperda; altitude; corn; irrigation; Kenya; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious invasive pest of maize that has been established in Kenya since 2016. Little is known about its co-occurrence with resident stemborers, relative infestation and damage and how agronomic factors influence its infestation and damage in maize cropping systems across different agro-ecological zones. This study ...
insects, etc ; ecosystems; phylogeny; rain forests; rubber; species richness; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... One of the most general patterns in ecology is the positive relationship between environmental heterogeneity and local diversity. On the one hand, increased resource heterogeneity provides more resources for diverse consumers in the community. On the other hand, increased structural heterogeneity creates variation in the environment's physical structure, thus allowing the coexistence of diverse sp ...
insects, etc ; Episyrphus balteatus; ecosystems; rapeseed; research; species richness; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Among all the insect foragers A. cerana was found to be more dominant (9.38%) and their peak period of visit was in between 09.00 - 10.00 hours. It was also observed that all the foragers were more active during the forenoon hours. The species richness, dominance and distribution of Syrphid flies on rapeseed (var. TS-38) were also recorded during the study. A total of 27 foragers belonging to 4 or ...
insects, etc ; Aphidoidea; crop production; pest management; virus transmission; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Aphids severely affect crop production by transmitting many plant viruses. Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that mostly depend on vectors for their transmission and survival. A majority of economically important plant viruses are transmitted by aphids. They transmit viruses either persistently (circulative or non‐circulative) or non‐persistently. Plant virus transmission by insects is ...
insects, etc ; Psocodea; arthropods; female genitalia; monophyly; muscles; ovipositor; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... By using μCT technology, we reconstructed 3D models of the female genital structures and associated muscles of seven species from three suborders of Psocodea (free-living species only, formerly known as independent insect order “Psocoptera”). The homology of the female genital structures and associated muscles of different species is discussed. A total of 21 muscle groups were observed, and except ...
insects, etc ; Flavivirus; RNA; genome; pathogenesis; people; topology; virology; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Flavivirus genus is divided into four groups: Mosquito-borne flaviviruses, Tick-borne flaviviruses, no-known vector flaviviruses, and Insect specific flaviviruses. Millions of people are affected worldwide every year due to the flaviviral infections. The 5' UTR of the RNA genome plays a critical role in the biology of flaviviruses. To explore any correlation between the topology of the 5' UTR ...
insects, etc ; evolution; immunopathology; immunosuppression; intestinal microorganisms; pathogens; virulence; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The bipartite interactions between insect hosts and their bacterial gut microbiota, or their bacterial pathogens, are empirically and theoretically well-explored. However, direct, and indirect tripartite interactions will also likely occur inside a host. These interactions will almost certainly affect the trajectory of pathogen virulence evolution, an area that is currently under researched. The i ...
scale insects, etc ; Wolbachia; arthropods; data collection; pest control; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wolbachia is one of the most successful endosymbiotic bacteria of arthropods. Known as the ‘master of manipulation’, Wolbachia can induce a wide range of phenotypes in its host that can have far‐reaching ecological and evolutionary consequences and may be exploited for disease and pest control. However, our knowledge of Wolbachia's distribution and the infection rate is unevenly distributed across ...
insects, etc ; Bombus; commercialization; diapause; hygiene; oviposition; pollination; India; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bumble bees belong to the genus Bombus, order Hymenoptera and family Bombidae, which includes approximately 250 species all over the world, out of which 48 species are found in India. Bumble bees are effective pollinators with high pollination efficiency and increasing demand of pollination services has highlighted the concept of commercialization of these pollinators. They generally have an annua ...
insects, etc ; Cocos nucifera; Phytoplasma; coconuts; leaves; micropropagation; Florida; Mexico; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The coconut palm is an important crop worldwide. In America, it is affected by lethal yellowing (LY) disease, associated with the presence of 16SrIV ribosomal group phytoplasmas. Studies in Florida using insect-proof cages indicate Haplaxius crudus as a vector of LY phytoplasmas to palm species, including coconut. Here, an in vitro transmission system was used to verify that H. crudus collected in ...
insects, etc ; ecology; embryogenesis; evolution; life history; morphogenesis; oviposition; secretion; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The insect egg can be viewed through many lenses: it is the single-celled developmental stage, a resource investment in the next generation, an unusually large and complex cell type, and the protective vessel for embryonic development. In this review, I describe the morphological diversity of insect eggs and then identify recent advances in understanding the patterns of egg evolution, the cellular ...