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1. Three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction and parallel artificial liquid membrane extraction

Author:
Gjelstad, Astrid
Source:
Trends in analytical chemistry 2019 v.113 pp. 25-31
ISSN:
0165-9936
Subject:
liquid-phase microextraction; supported liquid membranes,   etc   ; solvents;     Show all 3 Subject
Abstract:
... Three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) and parallel artificial liquid membrane extraction (PALME) are both microextraction methods based on supported liquid membranes (SLMs). In a three-phase SLM system, analytes of interest are extracted from an aqueous sample, through an organic solvent and further into an aqueous acceptor receiver solution. This system offers a simple, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.trac.2019.01.007

2. Well-confined polyoxometalate-ionic liquid in silicic framework for environmentally friendly asymmetric di-hydroxylation of olefins

Author:
Liang, Dong; Wang, Yan; Wang, Sifan; Song, Chengkun; Shi, Yonghe; Liu, Qinghao; Zhu, Hailin; Li, Xia; Liu, Laishuan; Zhu, Na
Source:
RSC advances 2019 v.9 no.11 pp. 6102-6106
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquids,   etc   ; alkenes; catalysts; glycols; hydroxylation;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chiral 1,2-diols with a high yield could be directly prepared from asymmetric di-hydroxylation of olefins via an eco-friendly and enduring catalyst, in which abundant “chiral pools” of polyoxometalate-ionic liquid were target-designed into the silicic framework (POM-ILS) and well stabilized in aqueous media. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8ra10544h

3. Acrylic Acid Synthesis from Lactide in a Continuous Liquid-Phase Process

Author:
Kadar, Julian; Heene-Würl, Nina; Hahn, Simon; Nagengast, Jens; Kehrer, Matthias; Taccardi, Nicola; Collias, Dimitris; Dziezok, Peter; Wasserscheid, Peter; Albert, Jakob
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2019 v.7 no.7 pp. 7140-7147
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquids,   etc   ; acrylic acid; catalysts; industry;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Synthesis of bulk chemicals from biogenic resources is gaining increasing interest in industry and academia. In the present study, we demonstrate the continuous production of acrylic acid (AA) from biogenic lactide in a liquid-phase reaction using the ionic liquid tetrabutylphosphonium bromide as reaction medium and 2-bromopropionic acid as acid catalyst precursor. We here present a first continuo ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b06538

4. Experimental investigation on the effect of working fluid charge in a small-scale Organic Rankine Cycle under off-design conditions

Author:
Liu, Liuchen; Zhu, Tong; Wang, Tiantian; Gao, Naiping
Source:
Energy 2019 v.174 pp. 664-677
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; prototypes; torque; vapors;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Off-design performance evaluation is one of the major topics of ORC-related investigations. However, there is a lack of adequate research on the influence of working fluid charge on system off-design performances. This paper presents the experimental results of a 3 kWe ORC prototype. Effect of three different working fluid charge on system key operating parameters have been investigated. The perfo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2019.03.013

5. Probing Micro-Newton Forces on Solid/Liquid/Gas Interfaces Using Transmission Phase Shift

Author:
Huang, Xianfu; Dong, Huimin; Liu, Zhanwei; Zhao, Ya-Pu
Source:
Langmuir 2019 v.35 no.16 pp. 5442-5447
ISSN:
1520-5827
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; capillarity; surface tension;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many of the nature and life systems are driven by capillary interactions on solid/liquid/gas interfaces. Here, we present a profilometry technique called transmission phase shift for visualizing the liquid/gas interfaces in three dimensions with high resolution. Using this approach, we probe the change in tiny forces with particle radius at a solid/liquid/gas interface. We provide the first direct ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03922

6. Apparent efficiency of serially coupled columns in gradient elution liquid chromatography: Extension to the combination of any column formats

Author:
Codesido, Santiago; Rudaz, Serge; Guillarme, Davy; Horváth, Krisztián; Fekete, Szabolcs
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2019 v.1588 pp. 159-162
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
liquid chromatography,   etc   ; equations; models;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... It was shown earlier that in serially coupled column systems, not only retention (selectivity) but peak width as well can change and the apparent peak width depends on the order of the columns. A generic equation has been developed to describe the apparent efficiency of serially coupled columns in gradient elution liquid chromatography mode. In a previous work, the theoretical basis for a two-colu ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2018.12.037

7. Flow characteristics in a horizontal liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed

Author:
Jiang, Feng; Zhao, Pengli; Qi, Guopeng; Li, Na; Li, Haojie; Jiang, Teng; Li, Xiulun
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.342 pp. 24-35
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; pipes; powders; solids;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... A horizontal liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed with a transparent single pipe is designed and built to investigate flow characteristics. The effects of the operating parameters, such as the fluid velocity, amount of added particles, particle types and pipe inner diameter on particle distribution and pressure drop in the horizontal test pipe, are systematically investigated by using the image ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2018.09.057

8. Shifting Desulfurization Equilibria in Ionic Liquid–Oil Mixtures

Author:
Kareem, Jalil H.; Abbott, Andrew P.; Ryder, Karl
Source:
Energy & fuels 2019 v.33 no.2 pp. 1106-1113
ISSN:
1520-5029
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquid-liquid extraction; liquids,   etc   ; alkanes; desulfurization; electrochemistry; ferric chloride; fuels; oils; polymerization; polymers; thiophene;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents have been used for the extraction of molecules, particularly natural products. An often studied system is that for thiophene removal from oil. In the current study, ILs have been used for the removal of thiophene (Th), benzothiophene (BT), and dibenzothiophene by liquid–liquid extraction. The equilibrium can be shifted by polymerizing the thiophenic c ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04291

9. Experimental and numerical study of band-broadening effects associated with analyte transfer in microfluidic devices for spatial two-dimensional liquid chromatography created by additive manufacturing

Author:
Adamopoulou, Theodora; Nawada, Suhas; Deridder, Sander; Wouters, Bert; Desmet, Gert; Schoenmakers, Peter J.
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2019
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography; liquid chromatography,   etc   ; fluid mechanics; manufacturing;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Conventional one-dimensional column-based liquid chromatographic (LC) systems do not offer sufficient separation power for the analysis of complex mixtures. Column-based comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography offers a higher separation power, yet suffers from instrumental complexity and long analysis times. Spatial two-dimensional liquid chromatography can be considered as an alternat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.041

10. Directing Long-Range Molecular Ordering in Ionic Liquid Films: A Tale of Two Interfaces

Author:
Anaredy, Radhika S.; Shaw, Scott K.
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2019 v.123 no.14 pp. 8975-8982
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquids,   etc   ; anions; chemical interactions; electronics; energy; lubrication; spectroscopy;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report surface-dependent, long-range ordering behavior of two ionic liquids, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium tetracyanoborate (P14 B(CN)₄) and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium dicyanamide (P14 N(CN)₂). The ionic liquids are supported as liquid films and examined using vibrational spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Both systems show changes in the infrared peak profile characteristic of maj ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b12575

11. Ionic liquid–solid interface and applications in lubrication and energy storage

Author:
Radiom, Milad
Source:
Current opinion in colloid & interface science 2019 v.39 pp. 148-161
ISSN:
1359-0294
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquid-solid interface,   etc   ; ambient temperature; energy; lubricants; lubrication;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) exhibit many attractive properties in proximity to solid surfaces. Primarily, they form well-defined interfacial layers that are tunable — electrically and thermally — as well as being stable — mechanically, electrically, and thermally — over a wide range. Recent investigations have aimed at understanding the molecular structuring of ILs at their interface with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cocis.2019.01.013

12. An integrated high-throughput strategy enables the discovery of multifunctional ionic liquids for sustainable chemical processes

Author:
Zhu, Anlian; Li, Lingjun; Zhang, Chi; Shen, Yutan; Tang, Mingjie; Bai, Lili; Du, Chunyan; Zhang, Suojiang; Wang, Jianji
Source:
Green chemistry 2019 v.21 no.2 pp. 307-313
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquids,   etc   ; catalysts; cycloaddition reactions; green chemistry; peptides; screening;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Development of new chemical processes with simplified reaction systems and work-up procedures is a challenging task. Although ionic liquids are a class of potential multifunctional compounds to simplify traditional chemical processes, their rational design is difficult due to complex interactions. In this work, a proof-of-concept strategy has been proposed to achieve an integration of high-through ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8gc03119c

13. Surface Phases and Surface Freezing in an Ionic Liquid

Author:
Pontoni, Diego; Haddad, Julia; Murphy, Bridget M.; Festersen, Sven; Konovalov, Oleg; Ocko, Benjamin M.; Deutsch, Moshe
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2019 v.123 no.5 pp. 3058-3066
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquid crystals,   etc   ; X-radiation; ambient temperature; freezing;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), a novel class of liquid salts, are intensively studied for their basic science and numerous emerging applications. When undercooled, RTILs comprising long alkyl chains often exhibit liquid crystal (LC) bulk phases. However, only one molecular-resolution experimental structure study was published for their LC surface phases. We measured the temperature evolut ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b00286

14. Ionic Liquid Microcapsules: Formation and Application of Polystyrene Microcapsules with Ionic Liquid Cores

Author:
Guarnido, Ismael Lobato; Routh, Alexander F.; Mantle, Michael D.; Serrano, Mercedes Fernandez; Marr, Patricia C.
Source:
ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering 2019 v.7 no.2 pp. 1870-1874
ISSN:
2168-0485
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquids,   etc   ; dyes; metal ions; polystyrenes; temperature;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The synthesis of 2–3 μm spherical microcapsules with a polymer shell and a liquid core composed of ionic liquid (IL) ([Bmim][NTf2]) is described. These discrete IL microcapsules are prepared quickly and in large quantity in a low temperature, one pot synthesis, by a modified coacervation technique. These IL microcapsules show ability to release dye from the IL core into solution through a polymer ...
DOI:
10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b05478

15. Li(NH₃)B₃H₈: a new ionic liquid octahydrotriborate

Author:
ZhengX. F. Zheng and Y. J. Yang contributed equally to this work., Xiongfei; Yang, Yanjing; Li, Mengxuan; Zhao, Fengqi; Gu, Qinfen; Ma, Xiaohua; Guo, Yanhui
Source:
Chemical communications 2019 v.55 no.3 pp. 408-411
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquids,   etc   ; ammonia; boranes; cations; chemical reactions;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report a strategy of using small cations to construct ionic liquid octahydrotriborate. The novel liquid Li(NH₃)B₃H₈, prepared by a facile reaction of NH₄B₃H₈ with LiH, froze below −33.4 °C and crystallized into a monoclinic unit cell with lattice parameters of a = 8.813(1) Å, b = 8.8626(1) Å, c = 8.2076(1) Å, and β = 110.1046(5)°, providing a promising functional liquid octahydrotriborate with ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8cc08300b

16. Controlled addition of new liquid component into surface droplet arrays by solvent exchange

Author:
Li, Miaosi; Yu, Haitao; Bao, Lei; Dyett, Brendan; Zhang, Xuehua
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2019 v.543 pp. 164-173
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; droplets; mixing; prediction; solvents;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microscopic droplets integrating multiple functionalities are essential in the microcompartmentalized related reaction and applications. Solvent exchange is a simple approach for producing femtoliter surface droplets by the transit oversaturation created at the mixing front of a solution by a poor solvent. But it remains challenging to control the compositions in nanodroplets. Our hypothesis is th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2019.02.046

17. A Novel Method for Testing Automatic Boom Height Control Systems for Field Sprayers

Author:
Herbst, Andreas; Osteroth, Hans-Jürgen
Source:
Gesunde Pflanzen 2019 v.71 no.Supplement 1 pp. 17-24
ISSN:
0367-4223
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; canopy; plant protection; sprayers;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Automatic boom height control systems for sprayers have become more common in recent years. These systems shall maintain a set boom height above the target area (canopy or ground) as an important factor for an accurate distribution of the spray liquid and sufficient drift control. At the Institute for Application Techniques in Plant Protection in cooperation with CheckTec a novel procedure was dev ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10343-019-00445-x

18. Effect of moderate magnetic fields on the surface tension of aqueous liquids: a reliable assessment

Author:
Hayakawa, Masayuki; Vialetto, Jacopo; Anyfantakis, Manos; Takinoue, Masahiro; Rudiuk, Sergii; Morel, Mathieu; Baigl, Damien
Source:
RSC advances 2019 v.9 no.18 pp. 10030-10033
ISSN:
2046-2069
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; magnetic fields; surface tension;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... We precisely measure the effect of moderate magnetic field intensity on the surface tension of liquids, by placing pendant drops inside uniform fields where bulk forces due to gradients are eliminated. The surface tension of water is unaffected while that of paramagnetic salt solutions slightly decreases with increasing field strength. ...
DOI:
10.1039/c9ra00849g

19. Mechanical signature and full-field measurement of flow-induced large in-plane deformation of fibrous reinforcements in composite processing

Author:
Hautefeuille, A.; Comas-Cardona, S.; Binetruy, C.
Source:
Composites 2019 v.118 pp. 213-222
ISSN:
1359-835X
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; composite materials; deformation; nomogram;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... During compression of saturated fibrous reinforcement, the flow of the liquid can, under certain conditions, generate fiber-tows washout (in-plane movement of fiber-tows) due to the strong hydrodynamically induced force on the fibrous reinforcement. The objective of the study is first to detect experimentally the onset and measure the full-field magnitude of the flow-induced in-plane deformation o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.12.030

20. Passive, non-intrusive assay of depleted uranium

Author:
Parker, H.M.O.; Beaumont, J.S.; Joyce, M.J.
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.364 pp. 293-299
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; detectors; neutrons; radionuclides; uranium;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The ability to detect neutrons from the spontaneous fission of 238U in samples of depleted uranium with organic liquid scintillation detectors is presented. In this paper we introduce a small modular organic liquid scintillator detector array that can detect changes in mass of 238U between 3.69 g and 14.46 g. To do this, 18-h assays of various masses of 0.3% wt. of depleted uranium dioxide were as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.018