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1. Flow characteristics in a horizontal liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed

Author:
Jiang, Feng; Zhao, Pengli; Qi, Guopeng; Li, Na; Li, Haojie; Jiang, Teng; Li, Xiulun
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.342 pp. 24-35
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; pipes; powders; solids;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... A horizontal liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed with a transparent single pipe is designed and built to investigate flow characteristics. The effects of the operating parameters, such as the fluid velocity, amount of added particles, particle types and pipe inner diameter on particle distribution and pressure drop in the horizontal test pipe, are systematically investigated by using the image ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2018.09.057

2. Passive, non-intrusive assay of depleted uranium

Author:
Parker, H.M.O.; Beaumont, J.S.; Joyce, M.J.
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.364 pp. 293-299
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; detectors; neutrons; radionuclides; uranium;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The ability to detect neutrons from the spontaneous fission of 238U in samples of depleted uranium with organic liquid scintillation detectors is presented. In this paper we introduce a small modular organic liquid scintillator detector array that can detect changes in mass of 238U between 3.69 g and 14.46 g. To do this, 18-h assays of various masses of 0.3% wt. of depleted uranium dioxide were as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.018

3. Wetting Transition of a Cylindrical Cavity Engraved on a Hydrophobic Surface C

Author:
Kim, Hyojeong; Ha, Man Yeong; Jang, Joonkyung
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2018 v.122 no.4 pp. 2122-2126
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
liquid-air interface; liquids,   etc   ; hydrophobicity;     Show all 3 Subject
Abstract:
... This study theoretically examines the wetting of a cylindrical cavity engraved on a hydrophobic surface, in the context of the Cassie–Baxter-to-Wenzel transition of a water drop resting on such a surface. The stable, metastable, and transition states and their free energies are identified by constructing the free-energy profile of the wetting process. Wetting starts with a liquid–vapor interface p ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b09757

4. Interfacial tensions and viscosities in multiphase systems by surface light scattering (SLS)

Author:
Koller, Thomas M.; Prucker, Tobias; Cui, Junwei; Klein, Tobias; Fröba, Andreas P.
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2019 v.538 pp. 671-681
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
liquid-liquid interface; liquids,   etc   ; atmospheric pressure; hydrodynamics; light scattering; methanol; models; surface tension; temperature; thermodynamics; uncertainty; viscosity;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Multiphase systems are relevant in many fields of process engineering. For process and product design in connection with multiphase systems, knowledge on the thermophysical properties of the individual phases such as viscosity and on the interfacial tension between these is required but often lacking in literature. In the present study, the applicability of surface light scattering (SLS) for the s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2018.11.095

5. Suppression effects of micro-fin surface on the explosive boiling of liquefied gas under rapid depressurization

Author:
Duan, Zhongdi; Ren, Tao; Ding, Guoliang
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.365 pp. 375-385
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; boiling; energy; quantitative analysis; transportation; vapors;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) is a most severe hazard in liquefied gas storage and transportation, and its prevention depends on the suppression of the explosive boiling during tank depressurization. This paper proposes an idea of using micro-fin type surface to suppress the explosive boiling, and experimentally investigates the suppression mechanisms and quantitative effect ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.025

6. Accurate methodology to determine slip velocity, yield stress and the constitutive relation for molten chocolate

Author:
Talansier, Emeline; Bacconnier, Audrey; Caton, François; Chastel, Carine; Costa, Lucy; Gunes, Deniz Z.; Roux, Denis C.D.
Source:
Journal of food engineering 2019 v.244 pp. 220-227
ISSN:
0260-8774
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; chocolate; equipment; melting; protocols; shear stress;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Concentrated soft materials like molten chocolate often has the ambiguity of behaving like a solid or a liquid depending on the external constraints. Determination of the constitutive relation is often unreliable and consequently the yield stress value too. This difficulty of determining yield stress, particularly when using a standards protocol such as the IOCCC for chocolate, is a consequence of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.09.031

7. Investigation of causes of layer inversion and prediction of inversion velocity in liquid fluidizations of binary particle mixtures

Author:
Abbaszadeh Molaei, E.; Yu, A.B.; Zhou, Z.Y.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.342 pp. 418-432
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; activated carbon; glass; models; powders; prediction;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Liquid fluidization plays an important role in mineral processing such as solid classifiers and biological reactors. When particle properties differ in size, density or shape, segregation can occur. Typically, a segregation phenomenon so-called layer inversion in two-phase solid-liquid fluidization of binary mixtures has been reported in the literature. At low liquid velocities, the two species fo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2018.10.011

8. Spheronization of micronized theophylline anhydrate and monohydrate using a mechanical powder processor

Author:
Kondo, Keita; Kawamura, Mamiko; Niwa, Toshiyuki
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.342 pp. 36-40
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
liquids,   etc   ; cohesion; mechanical methods; powders; spheronization; theophylline;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... We investigated the spheronization of micronized drug powder using a mechanical powder processor that can produce spherical particles with a drug content of 100%. Theophylline anhydrate and monohydrate were micronized through a jet-mill process and then subjected to mechanical treatment. The anhydrate was very slightly agglomerated and was not converted into spherical particles, whereas the monohy ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2018.10.003

9. Aligned-graphene composites: a review

Author:
Wang, Fei; Wang, Haoyu; Mao, Jian
Source:
Journal of materials science 2019 v.54 no.1 pp. 36-61
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
liquid crystals,   etc   ; filtration; graphene; mechanical properties;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Graphene and its derivatives (G) are promising nanofillers with the ability to boost versatile properties of composites despite the low addition due to their combined excellent performances. Moreover, aligning G into various matrices can achieve stronger improvement in properties compared to composites with randomly distributed G. Aligning G is an effective strategy to take full advantage of its p ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-018-2849-4

10. Headspace mode of liquid phase microextraction: A review

Author:
Afshar Mogaddam, Mohammad Reza; Mohebbi, Ali; Pazhohan, Azar; Khodadadeian, Fariba; Farajzadeh, Mir Ali
Source:
Trends in analytical chemistry 2019 v.110 pp. 8-14
ISSN:
0165-9936
Subject:
liquid-phase microextraction,   etc   ; chemical species; headspace analysis;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... In recent years, liquid phase microextraction (LPME) as a solvent–minimized and microscale implementation of sample pretreatment procedure of liquid–liquid extraction has been introduced and obtained great attention among the researchers due to its simplicity, low cost, rapidity, and efficiency. Developments have led to different approaches of LPME such as headspace mode of liquid phase microextra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.trac.2018.10.021

11. A viable approach for commercial VFAs production from sludge: Liquid fermentation in anaerobic dynamic membrane reactor

Author:
Liu, Hongbo; Wang, Ling; Zhang, Xuedong; Fu, Bo; Liu, He; Li, Yajie; Lu, Xiaoyou
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.365 pp. 912-920
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
liquid state fermentation; liquids,   etc   ; bioavailability; cleaning; economic analysis; energy; fermenters; sewage sludge; volatile fatty acids;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... A novel strategy of liquid fermentation using anaerobic dynamic membrane reactor (AnDMBR) was proposed to enhance volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from sewage sludge. Results indicated that liquid sludge fermentation in AnDMBR had the potential in commercial VFAs production. VFAs productivity and concentration as well as substrate conversion rate could reach as high as 7.8 kg VFA−COD/m3 d, 6 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.082

12. The effect of extraction methodology on the recovery and distribution of naphthenic acids of oilfield produced water

Author:
Samanipour, Saer; Hooshyari, Maryam; Baz-Lomba, Jose A.; Reid, Malcolm J.; Casale, Monica; Thomas, Kevin V.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.652 pp. 1416-1423
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
liquid-liquid extraction,   etc   ; naphthenates; oil fields; solid phase extraction; statistical analysis; variance;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Comprehensive chemical characterization of naphthenic acids (NAs) in oilfield produced water is a challenging task due to sample complexity. The recovery of NAs from produced water, and the corresponding distribution of detectable NAs are strongly influenced by sample extraction methodologies. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the extraction method on chemical space (i.e. the total number ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.264

13. Process modeling and simulation for butanol removing from fermentation broth by extraction with biodiesel

Author:
Dumitrescu, Anca Madalina; Banu, Ionut; Bumbac, Gheorghe
Source:
Renewable energy 2019 v.131 pp. 137-143
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
liquid-liquid extraction,   etc   ; biobutanol; biodiesel; butanol; culture media; energy use and consumption; models; solvents;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The present paper evaluates the feasibility of a process flowsheet for butanol bioproduction, as pure compound or as a blend with the biodiesel used as the liquid-liquid extraction (LLEx) solvent. In order to evidence this aspect, a modeling and simulation study was performed using Aspen Hysys commercial simulator. Process simulation results evidenced specific (per ton of butanol separated) power ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2018.07.040

14. Extraction and quantitative analysis of tropane alkaloids in Radix physochlainae by emulsion liquid membrane with tropine-based ionic liquid

Author:
Tang, Jie; Liang, Siwei; Dong, Bing; Li, Yao; Yao, Shun
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2019 v.1583 pp. 9-18
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
emulsion liquid membranes; ionic liquids,   etc   ; aqueous solutions; chloroform; chromatography; medicine; mixing; quantitative analysis; tropane alkaloids;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) coupled with tropine-based ionic liquid was prepared and successfully adopted for the extraction and quantitative analysis of tropane alkaloids (TA) in Radix physochlainae. Effects of formation conditions of ELM were explored and then optimized; the ideal oil-water mass ratio was determined to be 1:2.5, chloroform, Span 80 and 0.05 mol L−1N-propyl-tropine hexafluorop ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.009

15. Pulsed elution modulation for on-line comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupling reversed phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction chromatography

Author:
Chen, Yingzhuang; Wu, Yajun; Liu, Xiaoming; Li, Bowen; Hu, Deping; Huang, Si; Ma, Ming; Chen, Bo
Source:
Journal of chromatography 2019 v.1583 pp. 98-107
ISSN:
0021-9673
Subject:
comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography; reversed-phase liquid chromatography,   etc   ; fractionation; hydrophilic interaction chromatography; saponins; solvents;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this work, a reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) coupling to hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) system has been constructed, combining with pulsed elution reversed phase liquid chromatography (PE-RPLC) and HILIC to comprehensively analyze P. ginseng root extract, which is rich in saponins. By the application of pulsed elution (PE) modulation technique, the proposed RPLC × HI ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.023

16. Determination of dihalobenzoquinones in water using gas chromatography coupled with an electronic capture detector

Author:
Yu, Shanshan; Yan, Yuwei; Zhai, Hongyan; Gu, Xin; Liu, Yuan
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.215 pp. 57-61
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
liquid-liquid extraction,   etc   ; benzoquinones; byproducts; disinfection; formic acid; gas chromatography; sodium sulfate; tap water; toxicity;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Dihalobenzoquinones are a group of disinfection byproducts with high potential toxicity and thus currently receiving increased attention. A determination method of 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ) and 2,6-dibromo-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DBBQ) was developed upon using liquid-liquid extraction and a gas chromatography with an electronic capture detector (LLE-GC-ECD). The optimized extraction c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.134

17. A recent overview of the application of liquid-phase microextraction to the determination of organic micro-pollutants

Author:
Carasek, Eduardo; Merib, Josias; Mafra, Gabriela; Spudeit, Daniel
Source:
Trends in analytical chemistry 2018 v.108 pp. 203-209
ISSN:
0165-9936
Subject:
ionic liquids; liquid-phase microextraction,   etc   ; magnetism; pollutants;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) techniques are widely used for sample preparation in a number of analytical determinations involving different matrices. These techniques exhibit unique features including environmentally-friendly aspects, high extraction capacity and low cost. In this study, the application of liquid-phase microextraction for the determination of organic micro-pollutants is exp ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.trac.2018.09.002

18. Fabrication of MOF Thin Films at Miscible Liquid–Liquid Interface by Spray Method

Author:
Bai, Xiao-jue; Chen, Dan; Li, Lin-lin; Shao, Lei; He, Wen-xiu; Chen, Huan; Li, Yu-nong; Zhang, Xue-min; Zhang, Li-ying; Wang, Tie-qiang; Fu, Yu; Qi, Wei
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2018 v.10 no.31 pp. 25960-25966
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
liquid-liquid interface,   etc   ; coordination polymers; ligands;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are an intriguing class of porous crystalline inorganic–organic hybrid materials. The fabrication of oriented, crystalline thin film of MOFs is expected to open novel avenues to traditional applications and to serve myriad advanced technologies. Here, a facile spray-assisted miscible liquid–liquid interface (MLLI) synthetic strategy is carried out and reported under ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.8b09812

19. New concept to describe three-phase capillary pressure–degree of saturation relationship in porous media

Author:
Nakamura, Keita; Kikumoto, Mamoru
Source:
Journal of contaminant hydrology 2018 v.214 pp. 1-15
ISSN:
0169-7722
Subject:
liquids; nonaqueous phase liquids,   etc   ; models; porous media;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Leverett concept is used conventionally to model the relationship between the capillary pressures and the degrees of saturation in the water–nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL)–air three-phase system in porous media. In this paper, the limitation of the Leverett concept that the concept is not applicable in the case of nonspreading NAPLs is discussed through microscopic consideration. A new concept ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.03.008

20. Conventional and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of colchicine from Colchicum speciosum

Author:
Bayrak, Serhat; Sökmen, Münevver; Aytaç, Ezgi; Sökmen, Atalay
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2019 v.128 pp. 80-84
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
high performance liquid chromatography; liquid-liquid extraction,   etc   ; Colchicum; carbon dioxide; cobalt; colchicine; lipid content; methanol; oils; petroleum; seeds; solvents; supercritical fluid extraction;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study was designed to investigate colchicine extraction from Colchicum speciosum L. using traditional and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The aim of this study was to i) optimize a new economical conventional liquid phase extraction procedure ii) optimize a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method to obtain a colchicine rich extract from C. speciosum. The seeds were defatted first an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.10.060