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1. A pilot comparative study of recombinant protein and whole-virus inactivated vaccines against porcine circovirus type 2 in conventionally reared pigs

Author:
Choi, Jong-Young; Lyoo, Kwang-Soo; Kim, Kiju; Do, Van Tan; Lee, Kyung-Won; Hahn, Tae-Wook
Source:
Research in veterinary science 2019 v.123 pp. 192-194
ISSN:
0034-5288
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Porcine circovirus-2; coat proteins; immunity; inactivated vaccines; interferon-gamma; neutralizing antibodies; rearing; recombinant proteins; swine; wasting syndrome; weight gain;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) causes porcine circovirus-associated disease, which is characterized by systemic wasting syndrome, including respiratory problems worldwide. Most commercial PCV2 vaccines are derived from recombinant capsid protein or inactivated whole-virus. We compared average daily weight gain, interferon-γ, and neutralizing antibody levels of a recombinant protein vaccine and a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.01.002

2. Associations between Theileria orientalis Ikeda type infection and the growth rates and haematocrit of suckled beef calves in the North Island of New Zealand

Author:
Lawrence, KE; Lawrence, BL; Hickson, RE; Hewitt, CA; Gedye, KR; Fermin, LM; Pomroy, WE
Source:
New Zealand veterinary journal 2019 v.67 no.2 pp. 66-73
ISSN:
1176-0710
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Theileria orientalis; autumn; beef cattle; blood; blood sampling; calves; farmers; farms; females; hematocrit; longitudinal studies; males; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; spring; summer; ticks; New Zealand;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... AIMS: The principle aim of this study was to examine the association between infection with Theileria orientalis Ikeda type and growth rates of suckled beef calves on four beef farms. In addition, associations between calf sex, sampling time, and individual farm and T. orientalis Ikeda type infection intensity and haematocrit (HCT) were investigated. METHODS: The study was a prospective longitudin ...
DOI:
10.1080/00480169.2018.1547227

3. Methane emissions in grazing systems in grassland regions of China: A synthesis

Author:
Tang, Shiming; Ma, Lei; Wei, Xiaoting; Tian, Dashuan; Wang, Bojie; Li, Zhaolei; Zhang, Yujuan; Shao, Xinqing
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.654 pp. 662-670
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; biomass; ecosystems; emissions factor; feces; fermentation; forage; grassland management; grassland soils; grasslands; grazing intensity; grazing systems; greenhouse gas emissions; methane; methane production; organic matter; sheep; China;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... The effects of grazing on methane (CH4) budgets are important for understanding the balance of greenhouse gas emissions and removals in grassland ecosystems. However, the CH4 budgets of grazing systems, that is simultaneously considering CH4 uptake by grassland soils and emissions from ruminant enteric fermentation, livestock folds and animal feces, are poorly investigated, particularly for Chines ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.102

4. Effect of gastrointestinal nematodes on serum copper and phosphorus of growing beef calves in northwestern Argentina

Author:
Suarez, Victor H.; Micheloud, Juan F.; Araoz, Virginia; Martínez, Gabriela M.; Rosa, Diana E.; Mattioli, Guillermo A.
Source:
Tropical animal health and production 2019 v.51 no.3 pp. 613-618
ISSN:
0049-4747
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Cooperia; Haemonchus; analysis of variance; autumn; beef cattle; blood serum; calves; copper; eggs; females; gastrointestinal nematodes; moxidectin; phosphorus; ranching; spring; winter; Argentina;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of this work was to study the effect of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) on copper (Cu) and phosphorus (P) in blood of beef cattle in two ranches (R1 and R2) located in northwestern Argentina. In 2015–2016 (R1) and 2016–2017 (R2), in each ranch, 22 weaned female calves were divided into two groups: calves treated systematically with 200 mcg/kg moxidectin every 45–50 days (TG) and untreate ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11250-018-1729-x

5. Assessment of the efficacy of an autogenous vaccine against Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in young Merino sheep

Author:
Stanger, KJ; McGregor, H; Marenda, M; Morton, JM; Larsen, JWA
Source:
New Zealand veterinary journal 2019 v.67 no.1 pp. 27-35
ISSN:
1176-0710
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Merino; Yersinia enterocolitica; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis; antibodies; autogenous vaccines; blood sampling; body weight; farms; outer membrane proteins; seroconversion; seroprevalence; serotypes; sheep; vaccination; yersiniosis;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... To assess the efficacy of an autogenous vaccine against Yersinia pseudotuberculosis III in preventing clinical disease and deaths due to yersiniosis in young Merino sheep, and to determine the effect of vaccination on the prevalence of faecal shedding of pathogenic Yersinia spp., daily liveweight gain, and development of antibodies to Yersinia spp. following vaccination and natural exposure. In si ...
DOI:
10.1080/00480169.2018.1523758

6. Growth performance and rumen development in Malabari kids reared under different production systems

Author:
Kotresh Prasad, C.; Abraham, John; Panchbhai, Girish; Barman, Deepandita; Nag, Pradeep; Ajithakumar, H. M.
Source:
Tropical animal health and production 2019 v.51 no.1 pp. 119-129
ISSN:
0049-4747
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; abomasum; body length; color; feeding bottles; goats; grasses; growth performance; heart; kidding; males; morphometry; production technology; rearing; roughage; rumen; rumen development; surface area; weight gain; withers;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... In order to investigate the effect of rearing systems on growth and rumen development in Malabari male kids, 14 pre-weaned Malabari male kids of uniform morphological characters were randomly divided into two equal groups as T₁ and T₂. Both the groups were reared intensively for 12 weeks whereby kids under T₁ group were allowed to suckle their dams and provided green grass ad libitum. The kids und ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11250-018-1666-8

7. Impact of gastrointestinal parasitism on dry matter intake and live weight gain of lambs: A meta-analysis to estimate the metabolic cost of gastrointestinal nematodes

Author:
Méndez-Ortíz, F.A.; Sandoval-Castro, C.A.; Vargas-Magaña, J.J.; Sarmiento-Franco, L.; Torres-Acosta, J.F.J.; Ventura-Cordero, J.
Source:
Veterinary parasitology 2019 v.265 pp. 1-6
ISSN:
0304-4017
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; adults; body weight; crude protein; diet; dry matter intake; energy; gastrointestinal nematodes; gastrointestinal system; lambs; meta-analysis; metabolizable energy; nutrient intake; nutritional adequacy; parasitism; regression analysis;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study aimed to estimate the effect of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) on the productive performance assessed by the live-weight change (LWC) of lambs, and the metabolic cost associated with parasitism by means of a meta-analysis. Data used in the meta-analyses were obtained from twenty papers selected using the following criteria: (a) lambs with (I) and without (NI) GIN; (b) lambs fed ad lib ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.11.008

8. Forming groups of aggressive sows based on a predictive test of aggression does not affect overall sow aggression or welfare

Author:
Verdon, Megan; Morrison, R.S.; Hemsworth, P.H.
Source:
Behavioural processes 2018 v.150 pp. 17-24
ISSN:
0376-6357
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; aggression; cortisol; farrowing; farrowing rate; litter size; mixing; phenotype; piglets; prediction; sows; weight gain;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This experiment examined the effects of group composition on sow aggressive behaviour and welfare. Over 6 time replicates, 360 sows (parity 1–6) were mixed into groups (10 sows per pen, 1.8 m2/sow) composed of animals that were predicted to be aggressive (n = 18 pens) or groups composed of animals that were randomly selected (n = 18 pens). Predicted aggressive sows were selected based on a model-p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.beproc.2018.02.016

9. Effect of floor type on performance, lying time and dirt scores of finishing beef cattle: A meta-analysis

Author:
Keane, Michael P.; McGee, Mark; O'Riordan, Edward G.; Kelly, Alan K.; Earley, Bernadette
Source:
Livestock science 2018 v.212 pp. 57-60
ISSN:
1871-1413
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; animal housing; beef cattle; carcass weight; concrete; feed conversion; finishing; floors; meta-analysis; rubber; straw;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Data from individual studies evaluating the effect of housing systems on performance, lying time and dirt scores of finishing beef cattle are conflicting. The objective of this study was to collate the data from previous animal housing studies and quantify, through meta-analysis, the effect of floor type on animal performance, lying time and dirt scores. From 38 peer-reviewed articles, published b ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.livsci.2018.03.012

10. Metrics of biomass, live-weight gain and nitrogen loss of ryegrass sheep pasture in the 21st century

Author:
Shepherd, Anita; Hartman, Melannie D.; Fitton, Nuala; Horrocks, Claire A.; Dunn, Robert M.; Hastings, Astley; Cardenas, Laura M.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.685 pp. 428-441
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Lolium; air; ammonium; biomass; climate; crop yield; emissions factor; fertilizers; gas emissions; grazing; leaching; models; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrous oxide; nitrous oxide production; sheep; silage; soil density; soil water; sward;     Show all 22 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study argues that several metrics are necessary to build up a picture of yield gain and nitrogen losses for ryegrass sheep pastures. Metrics of resource use efficiency, nitrous oxide emission factor, leached and emitted nitrogen per unit product are used to encompass yield gain and losses relating to nitrogen. These metrics are calculated from field system simulations using the DAYCENT model, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.038

11. Mitigation of enteric methane emissions through pasture management in integrated crop-livestock systems: Trade-offs between animal performance and environmental impacts

Author:
de Souza Filho, William; Nunes, Pedro Arthur de Albuquerque; Barro, Raquel Santiago; Kunrath, Taíse Robinson; de Almeida, Gleice Menezes; Genro, Teresa Cristina Moraes; Bayer, Cimélio; de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo César
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.213 pp. 968-975
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Avena strigosa; Lolium multiflorum; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; agricultural industry; environmental impact; farms; fermentation; forage; grazing; grazing management; greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse gases; integrated agricultural systems; land use; methane; pasture management; pastures; steers; sward; Brazil;     Show all 21 Subjects
Abstract:
... We evaluated the effect of different grazing intensities by steers on animal performance, herbage intake and CH4 emissions in the stocking period of a soybean-beef cattle integrated system in southern Brazil. Treatments consisted of different grazing intensities, defined by target sward heights (10, 20, 30 and 40 cm) of mixed black-oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.245

12. Changes in soil carbon stocks after land-use change from native vegetation to pastures in the Atlantic forest region of Brazil

Author:
dos Santos, Camila A.; Rezende, Claudia de P.; Machado Pinheiro, Érika F.; Pereira, José M.; Alves, Bruno J.R.; Urquiaga, Segundo; Boddey, Robert M.
Source:
Geoderma 2019 v.337 pp. 394-401
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Brachiaria; Nellore; Urochloa brizantha; carbon; carbon sinks; cattle; cultivars; ecosystems; forests; grasses; grazing; indigenous species; land use change; pastures; rain; soil density; soil organic matter; soil sampling; stable isotopes; texture; tropics; urea; vigor; Brazil;     Show all 25 Subjects
Abstract:
... Millions of hectares (ha) of the Atlantic forest of Brazil have been deforested and replaced by pastures, quite a large proportion of this in the last 60 years. There have been few studies on the impact of this land-use change on stocks of soil organic matter (SOM) only one study reported the state of vigour of the pastures. The aim of this study was to estimate the overall change in SOM stocks 16 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.09.045

13. Growth of Brahman cross heifers to 2 years of age in the dry tropics

Author:
Fordyce, Geoffry; Chandra, Kerri
Source:
Animal production science 2019 v.59 no.1 pp. 148-159
ISSN:
1836-0939
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Brahman; androstenedione; body condition; body weight; compensatory growth; dry season; dry tropics; forests; heifers; hips; ovariectomy; protein supplements; reproduction; vaccination; weaning; weanlings; weight gain; wet season; Australia;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... Growth of 1368 Brahman cross heifers from 6 year cohorts was monitored over the 2 years post-weaning in Australia’s northern forest, a low-animal-growth dry tropical environment. Heifers weighing 47–266 kg at weaning were managed in groups weighing <100 kg, 100–149 kg, 150–199 kg, and >199 kg during the post-weaning dry season. Weaner heifers were allocated to receive 300 g/day of a protein meal d ...
DOI:
10.1071/AN17305

14. Estimation of nutrient excretion factors of broiler and layer chickens in Japan

Author:
Ogino, Akifumi; Murakami, Hitoshi; Yamashita, Takahiro; Furuya, Motohiro; Kawahara, Hirofumi; Ohkubo, Takako; Osada, Takashi
Source:
Animal science journal = 2017 v.88 no.4 pp. 659-668
ISSN:
1344-3941
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; eggs; excretion; feed conversion; feeds; laying hens; magnesium; nitrogen; nutrients; phosphorus; potassium; Japan;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... We estimated the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) excretion factors of broiler and layer chickens in Japan, using two approaches and the latest data available. In the top‐down approach, we determined the nutrient amounts in the feeds and those in the products (i.e. the liveweight gain, eggs), and the national nutrient excretions were determined as the difference betwe ...
DOI:
10.1111/asj.12674

15. Growth of weaned Friesian bull calves on a herb sward or with concentrate supplementation during late summer and early autumn

Author:
Pettigrew, E. J.; Morris, S. T.; Back, P. J.; Kenyon, P. R.; Berry, J.; Donald, A. J.; Lane, A. L.; Hickson, R. E.
Source:
New Zealand journal of agricultural research 2017 v.60 no.1 pp. 70-79
ISSN:
1175-8775
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Holstein; Lolium; Trifolium pratense; Trifolium repens; autumn; bulls; calves; chicory; pastures; summer; sward;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Growth rates of weaned bull calves in late summer/early autumn can be low in a ryegrass/white clover-based system. This experiment compared the liveweight gain of weaned bull calves (n = 18 per treatment per year, in 3 replicates of 6 bulls) grazed on a herb sward comprised of chicory, plantain, red clover and white clover with bulls grazed on either pasture supplemented with 1.8 kg DM/day of conc ...
DOI:
10.1080/00288233.2016.1259641

16. Experimental infection of Friesian bulls with Theileria orientalis (Ikeda) and effects on the haematocrit, live weight, rectal temperature and activity

Author:
Lawrence, K.E.; Gibson, M.; Hickson, R.E.; Gedye, K.; Hoogenboom, A.; Fermin, L.; Draganova, I.; Pomroy, W.E.
Source:
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports 2018 v.14 pp. 85-93
ISSN:
2405-9390
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Protozoa; Theileria orientalis; anemia; blood; body weight; bulls; cattle diseases; dairy farming; fever; financial economics; hematocrit; intravenous injection; parasites; weight loss; New Zealand;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Since 2012, New Zealand has suffered from an epidemic of infectious bovine anaemia associated with T. orientalis (Ikeda), an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of cattle. Despite widespread agreement that T. orientalis (Ikeda) infection has impacted beef and dairy farming in New Zealand there is very little quantitative data to support this conclusion. A randomised controlled experimental s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.09.004

17. The effect of kale cultivar and sowing date on dry‐matter intake, crop utilization, liveweight gain and body condition score gain of pregnant, nonlactating dry dairy cows in winter in New Zealand

Author:
Cheng, Long; Groves, C. D.; de Ruiter, John M.; Dewhurst, Richard J.; Edwards, Grant R.
Source:
Grass and forage science 2018 v.73 no.4 pp. 979-985
ISSN:
0142-5242
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; body condition; cultivars; dairy cows; dry matter intake; energy content; grazing; kale; leaves; metabolizable energy; sowing date; straw; winter; New Zealand;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... An outdoor grazing study on kale was conducted with pregnant, nonlactating (dry) dairy cows over a 42‐day winter grazing period commencing 9 June 2008. Kale treatments consisted of two kale cultivars varying in leaf:stem proportion (“Regal,” a leafy variety and “Caledonian,” a stemmy variety) and two sowing dates (8 November and 15 December). Measurements were made for dry‐matter (DM) utilization, ...
DOI:
10.1111/gfs.12371

18. Live weight gain, animal behaviour and urinary nitrogen excretion of dairy heifers grazing ryegrass–white clover pasture, chicory or plantain

Author:
Cheng, Long; Al-Marashdeh, Omar; McCormick, Jeffrey; Guo, Xuefeng; Chen, Ao; Logan, Chris; Tao, Jing Zhong; Carr, Hazel; Edwards, Grant
Source:
New Zealand journal of agricultural research 2018 v.61 no.4 pp. 454-467
ISSN:
1175-8775
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; autumn; chicory; dairy heifers; environmental impact; excretion; grazing; herbs; nitrogen; nitrogen content; pastures; plantains (fruit); rearing; spring; urination; urine;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to assess live weight gain, animal behaviour and N excretion in the urine of dairy heifers fed herbs during autumn and spring. Sixty heifers were allocated into five dietary treatments: 100% ryegrass–white clove pasture (100RG/WC); 50% RG/WC + 50% chicory (50CH); 75% RG/WC + 25% chicory (25CH); 75% RG/WC + 25% plantain (25PL); and 50% RG/WC + 50% plantain (50PL). Th ...
DOI:
10.1080/00288233.2017.1411372

19. Effect of replacing concentrate feed with leaves of Oldman saltbush (Atriplex nummularia) on feed intake, weight gain, and carcass parameters of highland sheep fed on wheat straw in northern Ethiopia

Author:
Hintsa, Kidane; Berhe, Amanuel; Balehegn, Mulubrhan; Berhe, Kidane
Source:
Tropical animal health and production 2018 v.50 no.7 pp. 1435-1440
ISSN:
0049-4747
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Atriplex nummularia; acid detergent fiber; carcass characteristics; crude protein; diet; dry matter intake; growth performance; leaves; neutral detergent fiber; sheep; weight gain; wheat straw; Ethiopia;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Atriplex nummularia (oldman saltbush) is widely planted on salt-affected land to provide a vegetative cover, which can be used as an alternative feed resource. The study was conducted to evaluate the replacement of commercial concentrate with oldman saltbush (SB) leaf on the feed intake, live weight gain, and carcass parameters of local sheep. Twenty-five sheep with an age of 6 months and weightin ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11250-018-1577-8

20. Effects of replacing fishmeal with black soldier fly larval meal in the diets of grower-finishing guinea fowls reared under tropical conditions

Author:
Wallace, P. A.; Nyameasem, J. K.; Aboagye, G. A.; Affedzie-Obresi, S.; Nkegbe, K.; Murray, F.; Botchway, V.; Karbo, N.; Leschen, W.; Maquart, P.-O.; Clottey, V.
Source:
Tropical animal health and production 2018 v.50 no.7 pp. 1499-1507
ISSN:
0049-4747
Subject:
liveweight gain,   etc   ; Hermetia illucens; body weight; economics; feed conversion; feed intake; fish meal; guineafowl; hens; larvae; meat; protein sources; rearing; tropics;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The study was conducted with the view to determine the impact of replacing fishmeal with black soldier fly larval meal (BSFLM) on growing guinea fowls. BSFLM replaced fishmeal (3% in the control diet) in the ratios of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% to produce six dietary treatments, which were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous. Two hundred and forty-eight-week old guinea fowls with mean live weight of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11250-018-1588-5