An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
mechanismofaction, etc ; biomass; cellulose; lignocellulose; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nanocellulose, either in the form of fibers or crystals, constitutes a renewable, biobased, biocompatible material with advantageous mechanical properties that can be isolated from lignocellulosic biomass. Enzyme-assisted isolation of nanocellulose is an attractive, environmentally friendly approach that leads to products of higher quality compared to their chemically prepared counterparts. Lytic ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; disease control; ricin; toxins; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ricin toxin (RT) belongs to the ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) family of toxins and is considered to be a moderate threat by the US Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). RT poses a great potential threat to the public, but there has been a lack of effective treatment options so far. Over the past few decades, researches on the prevention and treatment of RT poisoning have been inves ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; chemical communication; cholesterol; quantitative analysis; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report a quantitative chemoproteomic approach that utilizes a clickable photoreactive probe for global profiling of celastrol targets, which may significantly improve the current understanding of celastrol's mode of action. ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; analytical chemistry; antibiotics; cell membranes; fluorescent dyes; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The maintenance of an intact membrane structure is of great importance for bacteria to execute various biological functions. However, chemical probes for monitoring the dynamic changes of bacterial membranes are barely reported. Herein, we, for the first time, report a novel polarity-sensitive probe for reflecting the packing degree of bacterial membrane lipids. Specifically, we synthesize a membr ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; calcium; calcium phosphates; citrates; crystallization; infrared spectroscopy; turbidimetry; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Calciprotein particles (CPPs) are endogenous nanoparticles consisting of hybrid mineral-organic colloidal complexes made of calcium phosphates and Fetuin-A (Fet-A), a protein that in physiological conditions binds to amorphous calcium phosphate forming primary CPP (CPP1). CPP1 can crystallize resulting in hydroxyapatite-based secondary CPP (CPP2) that can eventually precipitate leading to vascular ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; atrial fibrillation; electrocardiography; electrophysiology; exercise; horses; pathophysiology; prognosis; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common pathological arrhythmia in horses. Although it is not usually a life‐threatening condition on its own, it can cause poor performance and make the horse unsafe to ride. It is a complex multifactorial disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors including exercise training, comorbidities or ageing. The interactions between all these factors ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; Aspergillus fumigatus; aspergillosis; biosynthesis; ergosterol; fungi; genes; itraconazole; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Background: Sterols are the main components of fungal membranes. Inhibiting their biosynthesis is the mode of action of azole antifungal drugs that are widely used to treat fungal disease including aspergillosis. Azole resistance has emerged as a matter of concern but little is known about sterols biosynthesis in azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus. Methods: We explored the sterol composition of ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; analytical chemistry; drug development; protein solubility; proteome; proteomics; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Unbiased drug target engagement deconvolution and mechanism of action elucidation are major challenges in drug development. Modification-free target engagement methods, such as thermal proteome profiling, have gained increasing popularity in the last several years. However, these methods have limitations, and, in any case, new orthogonal approaches are needed. Here, we present a novel isothermal m ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; Streptomyces; antibiotics; chlorides; glutamine; multiple drug resistance; nucleosides; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pseudouridimycin (1), a potent antibiotic against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including multi-drug-resistant strains with a new mode of action isolated from Streptomyces sp., was synthesized by a convergent strategy from 5′-amino-pseudouridine 5 and N-hydroxy-dipeptide 26 in 23% total yield. The key intermediate 26 was synthesized by hydroxylaminolysis of the nitrone derived from ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; artificial intelligence; endomembrane system; growth and development; plant growth; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The endomembrane system is critical for plant growth and development and understanding its function and regulation is of great interest for plant biology research. Small-molecule targeting distinctive endomembrane components have proven powerful tools to dissect membrane trafficking in plant cells. However, unambiguous elucidation of the complex and dynamic trafficking processes requires chemical ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; Coptotermes gestroi; cannibalism; chitin; laboratory rearing; subterranean termites; trophallaxis; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Termite bait products that contain chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) protect structures from subterranean termites via colony elimination. A hallmark of CSI baits is their dose-independent lethal time, as workers exposed to a CSI do not die until they initiate the molting process. Due to this mode of action and termite behaviors such as trophallaxis and cannibalism, a relatively small quantity of ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; agonists; animal models; anthraquinones; beta oxidation; bioinformatics; fibrosis; metabolomics; pharmacology; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rhein, an anthraquinone compound, displays extensive antifibrotic effects; however, its potential mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we explored the underlying molecular mechanism of action of rhein. An integrated network pharmacology and cell metabolomics approach was developed based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics method, and then successfully applied to speculate the ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; Solanaceae; botany; chemical structure; experimental design; health services; mortality; researchers; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cancer with a mortality rate bordering on cardiac diseases is a multifaceted health issue that medical science is facing today. Despite various therapies available, its management is still a burning issue due to the side effects of most of the drugs used in its treatment. Plant products have always been favorable in health care management due to their effectiveness, ease of availability, and safet ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; absorption; aerogels; biocompatibility; cellulose; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic interference; magnetism; markets; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cellulose, a shining star of nano-dimensional self-assembled unit materials, has perfect biocompatibility, mechanical toughness, low density, and powerful modification potential characteristics, all of which make cellulose and its derivatives gained wide attention in various applications, especially for the expanding market for microwave absorption (MA) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shiel ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; bioavailability; crosslinking; glycation; intestinal microorganisms; molecular weight; pharmacokinetics; receptors; toxicology; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their precursors, referred to as glycation products, are a heterogenous group of compounds being associated with adverse health effects. They are formed endogenously and in exogenous sources including food. This review investigates the roles of endogenously versus exogenously formed glycation products in the potential induction of adverse health effects, ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; BCG vaccine; Mycobacterium bovis BCG; animals; immune response; sclerosis; vaccination; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine can modulate the immune response via antigen-specific immune response, but also it can confer nonspecific protection and therapeutic benefits in several neurological conditions through different heterologous effects of vaccination. However, the precise mechanism of action of BCG remains unclear. In this review, different mechanisms underlying BCG-mediated ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; blood-brain barrier; central nervous system; drugs; models; permeability; pharmacokinetics; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding the composition and function of the blood brain barrier (BBB) enables the development of novel, innovative techniques for administering central nervous system (CNS) medications and technologies for improving the existing models. Scientific and methodological interest in the pathology of the BBB resulted in the formation of numerous in vitro BBB models. Once successfully studied and m ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; colorectal neoplasms; digestive tract; microRNA; prognosis; protein content; research; therapeutics; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a commonly seen malignant tumor manifesting itself in the digestive tract, but it remains unclear what is the molecular mechanism behind its occurrence and development, which can have a significant impact on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRC. According to some studies, microRNA (miRNA) plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of cancer. In spit ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; Arabidopsis; crops; genetic analysis; gibberellins; growth promotion; mutants; plant growth; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Synthesized small molecules are useful as tools to investigate hormonal signaling involved in plant growth and development. They are also important as agrochemicals to promote beneficial properties of crops in the field. We describe here the synthesis and mode of action of a novel growth‐promoting chemical, A1. A1 stimulates enhanced growth in both shoot and root tissues of plants, acting by incre ...
mechanismofaction, etc ; antioxidant activity; cholesterol; lipid bilayers; permeability; quercetin; signal transduction; sphingomyelins; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Quercetin is a polyphenolic molecule with a broad spectrum of biological activities derived from its antioxidant property. Its mechanism of action has been explained by its binding and/or interference with enzymes, receptors, transporters and signal transduction systems. Since these important mechanisms generally occur in membrane environments, within and through lipid bilayers, investigating the ...