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1. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases as powerful tools in enzymatically assisted preparation of nano-scaled cellulose from lignocellulose: A review

Author:
Anthi Karnaouri; Koar Chorozian; Dimitrios Zouraris; Antonis Karantonis; Evangelos Topakas; Ulrika Rova; Paul Christakopoulos
Source:
Bioresource technology 2022 v.345 pp. 126491
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; biomass; cellulose; lignocellulose;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nanocellulose, either in the form of fibers or crystals, constitutes a renewable, biobased, biocompatible material with advantageous mechanical properties that can be isolated from lignocellulosic biomass. Enzyme-assisted isolation of nanocellulose is an attractive, environmentally friendly approach that leads to products of higher quality compared to their chemically prepared counterparts. Lytic ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126491

2. Ricin toxin and its neutralizing antibodies: A review

Author:
Haotian Yu; Songyan Li; Na Xu; Wensen Liu
Source:
Toxicon 2022 v.214 pp. 47-53
ISSN:
0041-0101
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; disease control; ricin; toxins;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ricin toxin (RT) belongs to the ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) family of toxins and is considered to be a moderate threat by the US Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). RT poses a great potential threat to the public, but there has been a lack of effective treatment options so far. Over the past few decades, researches on the prevention and treatment of RT poisoning have been inves ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.05.005

3. Chemoproteomic profiling reveals celastrol as a potential modulator of cholesterol signaling

Author:
Yiyun Geng; Jingyuan Xu; Weichao Li; Qing Li; Chenjinxin Shen; Zhangshuang Deng; Yiqing Zhou
Source:
Chemical communications 2022 v.58 no.12 pp. 1914-1917
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; chemical communication; cholesterol; quantitative analysis;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report a quantitative chemoproteomic approach that utilizes a clickable photoreactive probe for global profiling of celastrol targets, which may significantly improve the current understanding of celastrol's mode of action. ...
DOI:
10.1039/d1cc05986f

4. Polarity-Sensitive Fluorescent Probe for Reflecting the Packing Degree of Bacterial Membrane Lipids

Author:
Chao Wang; Jiaxin Wang; Ke Xue; Minghui Xiao; Kaiyu Wu; Shuyi Lv; Boyi Hao; Chunlei Zhu
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2022 v.94 no.7 pp. 3303-3312
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; analytical chemistry; antibiotics; cell membranes; fluorescent dyes;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The maintenance of an intact membrane structure is of great importance for bacteria to execute various biological functions. However, chemical probes for monitoring the dynamic changes of bacterial membranes are barely reported. Herein, we, for the first time, report a novel polarity-sensitive probe for reflecting the packing degree of bacterial membrane lipids. Specifically, we synthesize a membr ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05268

5. A study on biorelevant calciprotein particles: Effect of stabilizing agents on the formation and crystallization mechanisms

Author:
Rita Gelli; Valentina Pucci; Francesca Ridi; Piero Baglioni
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2022 v.620 pp. 431-441
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; calcium; calcium phosphates; citrates; crystallization; infrared spectroscopy; turbidimetry;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Calciprotein particles (CPPs) are endogenous nanoparticles consisting of hybrid mineral-organic colloidal complexes made of calcium phosphates and Fetuin-A (Fet-A), a protein that in physiological conditions binds to amorphous calcium phosphate forming primary CPP (CPP1). CPP1 can crystallize resulting in hydroxyapatite-based secondary CPP (CPP2) that can eventually precipitate leading to vascular ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2022.04.025

6. Fundamentals of arrhythmogenic mechanisms and treatment strategies for equine atrial fibrillation

Author:
Antoine Premont; Samantha Balthes; Celia M. Marr; Kamalan Jeevaratnam
Source:
Equine veterinary journal 2022 v.54 no.2 pp. 262-282
ISSN:
0425-1644
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; atrial fibrillation; electrocardiography; electrophysiology; exercise; horses; pathophysiology; prognosis;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common pathological arrhythmia in horses. Although it is not usually a life‐threatening condition on its own, it can cause poor performance and make the horse unsafe to ride. It is a complex multifactorial disease influenced by both genetic and environmental factors including exercise training, comorbidities or ageing. The interactions between all these factors ...
DOI:
10.1111/evj.13518

7. Impact of TR34/L98H, TR46/Y121F/T289A and TR53 Alterations in Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus on Sterol Composition and Modifications after In Vitro Exposure to Itraconazole and Voriconazole

Author:
Rose-Anne Lavergne; Marjorie Albassier; Jean-Benoît Hardouin; Carlos Alvarez-Moreno; Fabrice Pagniez; Florent Morio; Patrice Le Pape; Isabelle Ourliac-Garnier
Source:
Microorganisms 2022 v.10 no.1 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2607
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; Aspergillus fumigatus; aspergillosis; biosynthesis; ergosterol; fungi; genes; itraconazole;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Background: Sterols are the main components of fungal membranes. Inhibiting their biosynthesis is the mode of action of azole antifungal drugs that are widely used to treat fungal disease including aspergillosis. Azole resistance has emerged as a matter of concern but little is known about sterols biosynthesis in azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus. Methods: We explored the sterol composition of ...
DOI:
10.3390/microorganisms10010104

8. Ion-Based Proteome-Integrated Solubility Alteration Assays for Systemwide Profiling of Protein–Molecule Interactions

Author:
Christian M. Beusch; Pierre Sabatier; Roman A. Zubarev
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2022 v.94 no.19 pp. 7066-7074
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; analytical chemistry; drug development; protein solubility; proteome; proteomics;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Unbiased drug target engagement deconvolution and mechanism of action elucidation are major challenges in drug development. Modification-free target engagement methods, such as thermal proteome profiling, have gained increasing popularity in the last several years. However, these methods have limitations, and, in any case, new orthogonal approaches are needed. Here, we present a novel isothermal m ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00391

9. Total Synthesis of Pseudouridimycin

Author:
Xu-Kun Wang; Yue-Mei Jia; Yi-Xian Li; Chu-Yi Yu
Source:
Organic letters 2022 v.24 no.2 pp. 511-515
ISSN:
1523-7052
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; Streptomyces; antibiotics; chlorides; glutamine; multiple drug resistance; nucleosides;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pseudouridimycin (1), a potent antibiotic against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including multi-drug-resistant strains with a new mode of action isolated from Streptomyces sp., was synthesized by a convergent strategy from 5′-amino-pseudouridine 5 and N-hydroxy-dipeptide 26 in 23% total yield. The key intermediate 26 was synthesized by hydroxylaminolysis of the nitrone derived from ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03914

10. Selective chemical probes can untangle the complexity of the plant cell endomembrane system

Author:
Qian Ma; Mingqin Chang; Georgia Drakakaki; Eugenia Russinova
Source:
Current opinion in plant biology 2022 v.68 pp. 102223
ISSN:
1369-5266
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; artificial intelligence; endomembrane system; growth and development; plant growth;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The endomembrane system is critical for plant growth and development and understanding its function and regulation is of great interest for plant biology research. Small-molecule targeting distinctive endomembrane components have proven powerful tools to dissect membrane trafficking in plant cells. However, unambiguous elucidation of the complex and dynamic trafficking processes requires chemical ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102223

11. Subterranean termite colony elimination can be achieved even when only a small proportion of foragers feed upon a CSI bait

Author:
Johnalyn M. Gordon; Joseph F. Velenovsky IV; Thomas Chouvenc
Source:
Journal of pest science 2022 v.95 no.3 pp. 1207-1216
ISSN:
1612-4758
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; Coptotermes gestroi; cannibalism; chitin; laboratory rearing; subterranean termites; trophallaxis;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Termite bait products that contain chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs) protect structures from subterranean termites via colony elimination. A hallmark of CSI baits is their dose-independent lethal time, as workers exposed to a CSI do not die until they initiate the molting process. Due to this mode of action and termite behaviors such as trophallaxis and cannibalism, a relatively small quantity of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10340-021-01446-4

12. An integrated network pharmacology and cell metabolomics approach to reveal the role of rhein, a novel PPARα agonist, against renal fibrosis by activating the PPARα–CPT1A axis

Author:
Qiming Xiao; Xixi Yu; Xinwei Yu; Shundi Liu; Jianping Jiang; Yu Cheng; Hao Lin; Yuzhen Wang; Xiaoshan Zhang; Xiaoxia Ye; Zheng Xiang
Source:
Phytomedicine 2022 v.102 pp. 154147
ISSN:
0944-7113
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; agonists; animal models; anthraquinones; beta oxidation; bioinformatics; fibrosis; metabolomics; pharmacology;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rhein, an anthraquinone compound, displays extensive antifibrotic effects; however, its potential mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we explored the underlying molecular mechanism of action of rhein. An integrated network pharmacology and cell metabolomics approach was developed based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics method, and then successfully applied to speculate the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154147

13. Anticancer potential of solanaceae plants: a review

Author:
Preety Rohilla; Heena Jain; Ashmita Chhikara; Lalita Singh; Pushpa Dahiya
Source:
South African journal of botany 2022 pp. -
ISSN:
0254-6299
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; Solanaceae; botany; chemical structure; experimental design; health services; mortality; researchers;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cancer with a mortality rate bordering on cardiac diseases is a multifaceted health issue that medical science is facing today. Despite various therapies available, its management is still a burning issue due to the side effects of most of the drugs used in its treatment. Plant products have always been favorable in health care management due to their effectiveness, ease of availability, and safet ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sajb.2022.04.032

14. Applications of cellulose-based composites and their derivatives for microwave absorption and electromagnetic shielding

Author:
Shangwei Song; Haitao Li; Peiwen Liu; Xianghe Peng
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2022 v.287 pp. 119347
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; absorption; aerogels; biocompatibility; cellulose; electrical conductivity; electromagnetic interference; magnetism; markets;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cellulose, a shining star of nano-dimensional self-assembled unit materials, has perfect biocompatibility, mechanical toughness, low density, and powerful modification potential characteristics, all of which make cellulose and its derivatives gained wide attention in various applications, especially for the expanding market for microwave absorption (MA) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shiel ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119347

15. Differences in kinetics and dynamics of endogenous versus exogenous advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their precursors

Author:
Katja C.W. van Dongen; Leonie Kappetein; Ignacio Miro Estruch; Clara Belzer; Karsten Beekmann; Ivonne M.C.M. Rietjens
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2022 v.164 pp. 112987
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; bioavailability; crosslinking; glycation; intestinal microorganisms; molecular weight; pharmacokinetics; receptors; toxicology;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their precursors, referred to as glycation products, are a heterogenous group of compounds being associated with adverse health effects. They are formed endogenously and in exogenous sources including food. This review investigates the roles of endogenously versus exogenously formed glycation products in the potential induction of adverse health effects, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2022.112987

16. Efficacy of BCG vaccine in animal models of neurological disorders

Author:
Davide Cossu; Stefano Ruberto; Kazumasa Yokoyama; Nobutaka Hattori; Leonardo A Sechi
Source:
Vaccine 2022 v.40 no.3 pp. 432-436
ISSN:
0264-410X
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; BCG vaccine; Mycobacterium bovis BCG; animals; immune response; sclerosis; vaccination;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine can modulate the immune response via antigen-specific immune response, but also it can confer nonspecific protection and therapeutic benefits in several neurological conditions through different heterologous effects of vaccination. However, the precise mechanism of action of BCG remains unclear. In this review, different mechanisms underlying BCG-mediated ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.12.005

17. In vitro blood brain barrier models: An overview

Author:
Ekta Jagtiani; Mihika Yeolekar; Shivraj Naik; Vandana Patravale
Source:
Journal of controlled release 2022 v.343 pp. 13-30
ISSN:
0168-3659
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; blood-brain barrier; central nervous system; drugs; models; permeability; pharmacokinetics;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Understanding the composition and function of the blood brain barrier (BBB) enables the development of novel, innovative techniques for administering central nervous system (CNS) medications and technologies for improving the existing models. Scientific and methodological interest in the pathology of the BBB resulted in the formation of numerous in vitro BBB models. Once successfully studied and m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.011

18. Mir-4746 inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by targeting CCND1

Author:
Yuehan Ren; Yun Li; Weiguang Zhang; Kai Yang; Jinlei Li; Yiwang Hu; Zhigui Zuo; Chang Xu; Yifei Pan; Xiaodong Zhang
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2022 v.594 pp. 153-160
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; colorectal neoplasms; digestive tract; microRNA; prognosis; protein content; research; therapeutics;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a commonly seen malignant tumor manifesting itself in the digestive tract, but it remains unclear what is the molecular mechanism behind its occurrence and development, which can have a significant impact on the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CRC. According to some studies, microRNA (miRNA) plays an essential role in the occurrence and development of cancer. In spit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.063

19. Plant growth promotion by the interaction of a novel synthetic small molecule with GA‐DELLA function

Author:
Nur Afiqah Sukiran; Susanna Pollastri; Patrick G. Steel; Marc R. Knight
Source:
Plant direct 2022 v.6 no.4 pp. e398
ISSN:
2475-4455
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; Arabidopsis; crops; genetic analysis; gibberellins; growth promotion; mutants; plant growth;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Synthesized small molecules are useful as tools to investigate hormonal signaling involved in plant growth and development. They are also important as agrochemicals to promote beneficial properties of crops in the field. We describe here the synthesis and mode of action of a novel growth‐promoting chemical, A1. A1 stimulates enhanced growth in both shoot and root tissues of plants, acting by incre ...
DOI:
10.1002/pld3.398

20. Quercetin induces lipid domain-dependent permeability

Author:
Natália Bueno Leite; Danubia Batista Martins; Dayane S. Alvares; Marcia Perez dos Santos Cabrera
Source:
Chemistry and physics of lipids 2022 v.242 pp. 105160
ISSN:
0009-3084
Subject:
mechanism of action,   etc   ; antioxidant activity; cholesterol; lipid bilayers; permeability; quercetin; signal transduction; sphingomyelins;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Quercetin is a polyphenolic molecule with a broad spectrum of biological activities derived from its antioxidant property. Its mechanism of action has been explained by its binding and/or interference with enzymes, receptors, transporters and signal transduction systems. Since these important mechanisms generally occur in membrane environments, within and through lipid bilayers, investigating the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105160