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1. Characteristic Time and Length Scales in Melts of Kremer–Grest Bead–Spring Polymers with Wormlike Bending Stiffness

Author:
Svaneborg, Carsten; Everaers, Ralf
Source:
Macromolecules 2020 v.53 no.6 pp. 1917-1941
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; models; polymers; prediction;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Kremer–Grest (KG) model is a standard for studying generic polymer properties. Here we have equilibrated KG melts up to and beyond 200 entanglements per chain for varying chain stiffness. We present methods for estimating the Kuhn length corrected for incompressibility effects, for estimating the entanglement length corrected for chain stiffness, and for estimating bead frictions and Kuhn time ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02437

2. Unified Entanglement Scaling for Flexible, Semiflexible, and Stiff Polymer Melts and Solutions

Author:
Milner, Scott T.
Source:
Macromolecules 2020 v.53 no.4 pp. 1314-1325
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; ingredients; polymers; probability;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The entanglement length Nₑ is a key parameter for all entangled polymer fluids for which no comprehensive scaling theory yet exists. We have pieces of a theory; the Lin-Noolandi (LN) argument predicts Nₑ scaling for flexible chains that agrees with data on polymer melts. There are arguments for how Nₑ should depend on polymer concentration, but which are not obviously consistent with LN. Morse sca ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02684

3. Nanoconfinement Induced Direct Formation of Form I and III Crystals inside in Situ Formed Poly(butene-1) Nanofibrils

Author:
Mohammadi, Raziyeh S.; Zolali, Ali M.; Tabatabaei, Seyed H.; Ajji, Abdellah
Source:
Macromolecules 2020 v.53 no.4 pp. 1346-1355
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
melting; melting point,   etc   ; crystallization; crystals; nanofibers; nanoparticles; polyethylene; temperature;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... We show that under relevant processing conditions, isotactic poly(butene-1) (iPB-1) directly crystallizes into the thermodynamically stable form I and III from the melt state when it is confined in nanocylinder shape domains. The iPB-1 nanofibers with an average diameter of about 200 nm confined in an incompatible polyethylene (PE) matrix show the kinetically favored form II in addition to form I. ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01684

4. Heads or Tails: Surface Freezing of Long-Chain Amphiphiles

Author:
Singla, Saranshu; Stefin, Amanda J.; Zhu, He; Dhinojwala, Ali
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2020 v.124 no.7 pp. 4128-4133
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
melting; melting point,   etc   ; adhesion; energy; freezing; hydrophobicity; surfactants; temperature;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Melts of long-chain polar amphiphiles do not wet polar substrates (autophobic) due to the formation of a monolayer that lowers the surface energy of the substrate. The monolayer adsorbed onto the substrate melts at a temperature (Tₛ) much higher than the bulk melting temperature (Tₘ) on account of strong headgroup–substrate interactions. Contrary to our expectation, namely, that strongly binding h ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b10925

5. Real-Space in Situ Study of the II–I Phase Transition of Isotactic Poly(1-butene)

Author:
Xin, Rui; Wang, Shaojuan; Guo, Zhixin; Li, Yunpeng; Hu, Jian; Sun, Xiaoli; Xue, Meiling; Zhang, Jie; Yan, Shouke
Source:
Macromolecules 2020 v.53 no.8 pp. 3090-3096
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; ambient temperature; crystallization; crystals;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... A new technique has been developed for in situ study of the form II to I phase conversion of isotactic poly(1-butene) (iPBu) in real space. It can distinguish the nucleation and crystal growth processes unequivocally, especially in the early nucleation stage, which can hardly be followed by other traditionally used techniques owing to the limited amount of the transformed form I crystals. Moreover ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00414

6. Conditions during the formation of granitic magmas by crustal melting – Hot or cold; drenched, damp or dry?

Author:
Clemens, John D.; Stevens, Gary; Bryan, Scott E.
Source:
Earth-science reviews 2020 v.200 pp. 102982
ISSN:
0012-8252
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; cold; minerals; rocks; temperature;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Granitic magmas extracted from crustal sources can form over a wide variety of P, T and aH₂O conditions. Both fluid-present and effectively fluid-absent conditions can yield granitic magmas, though the majority are formed through high-T, fluid-absent reactions because, in the deep crust, most available H₂O within rock bodies is contained within minerals rather than in free fluids. Fluid-present pa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102982

7. Vertical reflectivity structures near lightning flashes in the stratiform regions of mesoscale convective systems

Author:
Wang, Fei; Zhang, Yijun; Liu, Hengyi; Dong, Wansheng; Yao, Wen; Zheng, Dong
Source:
Atmospheric research 2020 v.242 pp. 104961
ISSN:
0169-8095
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; Doppler radar; lightning; probability; China;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Using an S-band Doppler radar and a very high frequency (VHF) radiation source location system, 254 lightning flashes occurring in stratiform regions (stratiform lightning flashes) of 14 mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) in Chongqing, China, were observed and used to analyze the structure of vertical reflectivity in the area around the lightning channel. In most stratiform lightning flashes, the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104961

8. Effects of fluctuating thermal sources on a shell-and-tube latent thermal energy storage during charging process

Author:
Li, Zhi; Yu, Xiaoli; Wang, Lei; Lu, Yiji; Huang, Rui; Chang, Jinwei; Jiang, Ruicheng
Source:
Energy 2020 v.199 pp. 117400
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; thermal energy; waste heat recovery;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The fluctuating and intermittent nature of industrial heat sources is a crucial technical barrier limiting the implementation of heat recovery energy systems. Latent Thermal Energy Storage (LTES) has the potential to overcome these issues by maintaining a Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) system within designed operation conditions to achieve effective and efficient operation. However, the dynamic heat tr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2020.117400

9. Botanical origin authentication of dietary supplements by DNA‐based approaches

Author:
Grazina, Liliana; Amaral, Joana S.; Mafra, Isabel
Source:
Comprehensive reviews in food science and food safety 2020 v.19 no.3 pp. 1080-1109
ISSN:
1541-4337
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; DNA barcoding; adulterated products; dietary supplements;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Herbal products, such as dietary supplements, have become a subject of increasing global importance for their health benefits and economic considerations. However, they have also been targets of adulteration practices, being the accurate identification of botanicals in herbal products of utmost importance to protect the health and expectations of consumers. Particularly, in the case of dietary sup ...
DOI:
10.1111/1541-4337.12551

10. Kremer–Grest Models for Commodity Polymer Melts: Linking Theory, Experiment, and Simulation at the Kuhn Scale

Author:
Everaers, Ralf; Karimi-Varzaneh, Hossein Ali; Fleck, Frank; Hojdis, Nils; Svaneborg, Carsten
Source:
Macromolecules 2020 v.53 no.6 pp. 1901-1916
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; molecular dynamics; polymers; simulation models;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Kremer–Grest (KG) polymer model is a standard model for studying generic polymer properties in molecular dynamics simulations. It owes its popularity to its simplicity and computational efficiency, rather than its ability to represent specific polymers species and conditions. Here we show that by tuning the chain stiffness it is possible to adapt the KG model to model melts of real polymers. I ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02428

11. Arctic ship-based evidence of new particle formation events in the Chukchi and East Siberian Seas

Author:
Dall'Osto, M.; Park, Jiyeon; Kim, Joo-Hong; Kang, Sung-Ho; Park, Kihong; Beddows, D.C.S.; Harrison, Roy M.; Yoon, Y.J.
Source:
Atmospheric environment 2020 v.223 pp. 117232
ISSN:
1352-2310
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; aerosols; sea ice; Arctic region;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Arctic aerosol-climate interactions are controlled by multiple factors including sources, processes and removal mechanisms of particles. The Arctic is mostly ocean, surrounded by mostly land, and our understanding of Arctic aerosol processes is incomplete due to scarce measurements carried out in sea ice regions. In particular, it is currently not known if these particular regions are sources of a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.117232

12. Extreme Deflection of Phase Boundaries and Chain Bridging in A(BA′)ₙ Miktoarm Star Polymers

Author:
Lequieu, Joshua; Koeper, Trenton; Delaney, Kris T.; Fredrickson, Glenn H.
Source:
Macromolecules 2020 v.53 no.2 pp. 513-522
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; chemical structure; mathematical theory; thermoplastics;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, we use self-consistent field theory to demonstrate that the A(BA′)ₙ miktoarm architecture can strongly deflect order–order phase boundaries to large volume fractions fA. The A(BA′)ₙ architecture achieves this strong deflection by combining the effects of miktoarm frustration and block bidispersity and is shown to stabilize discrete spheres and cylinders of the A block up to values o ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02254

13. The melt content of the low velocity layer atop the mantle transition zone: Theory and method of calculation

Author:
Ma, Maining; Zhang, Jikai; Zhou, Xiaoya; Xu, Zhishuang
Source:
MethodsX 2020 v.7 pp. 100751
ISSN:
2215-0161
Subject:
melting,   etc   ; computational methodology; equations; geometry; geophysics; models;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The melt content is significant characteristic for the low velocity layer, so it is very necessary to set up the quantitative relationship between the low velocity anomaly and the melt fraction. We describe the computational methods for melt volume fractions and discussed the parameter selections for the theoretical computations.•We discuss the seismic wave velocity characteristics and the equilib ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mex.2019.11.024
PubMed:
32021815
PubMed Central:
PMC6993005

14. Adipose invasion of muscle in Wagyu cattle: Monitoring by histology and melting temperature

Author:
Valenzuela, J.L.; Lloyd, S.S.; Mastaglia, F.L.; Dawkins, R.L.
Source:
Meat science 2020 v.163 pp. 108063
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
melting; melting point,   etc   ; Wagyu; adipose tissue; cattle; histology; marbling; monitoring; muscles; subcutaneous fat; temperature;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Remarkably, Wagyu cattle progressively desaturate intramuscular and subcutaneous fat leading to melting temperatures (Tm) well below 38°C. In parallel, the adipose tissue expands, arborises and invades the muscle. The process is aggressive in that it leads to loss of myofibres resulting in much smaller fascicles and therefore fine marbling or snowflaking.The “Microscopic score” appears to be an ex ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108063

15. Metamorphic barcodes based on lithographically defined microdots incorporating nanoparticles of phase change materials

Author:
Wang, Miao; Wang, Chaoming; Ma, Ruiting; Hu, Weike; Su, Ming
Source:
Journal of materials science 2020 v.55 no.14 pp. 5823-5831
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
melting; melting point,   etc   ; alloys; differential scanning calorimetry; forensic sciences; magnetic materials; nanoparticles; polymers;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Printed barcode lacks distributability as each barcode associated with sample cannot be divided when multiple copies of the same barcode are needed for forensic analysis. This article reports a metamorphic barcode with desired distributability to label objects (liquids or solids) in a covert and high-fidelity manner using polymer microdots containing a panel of phase change nanoparticles (low melt ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-020-04429-5

16. Equilibrium Melting Temperature Depression in Syndiotactic Poly(styrene-stat-3-methylstyrene) and Poly(styrene-stat-4-methylstyrene)

Author:
Chen, Po-Hsun; Lin, Shi-Jie; Tsai, Jing-Cherng; Jeng, U-Ser; Su, An-Chung
Source:
Macromolecules 2020 v.53 no.8 pp. 3059-3070
ISSN:
1520-5835
Subject:
melting; melting point,   etc   ; crystals; energy; heat; interphase; moieties; polystyrenes; temperature; wide-angle X-ray scattering;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... After randomly incorporating 2–21 mol % of 3-methylstyrene (3MS) or 4-methylstyrene (4MS) into the syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) backbone, the effects of the comonomer units on the equilibrium melting temperature (Tₘ°) depression were examined within the Sanchez–Eby theoretical framework. In situ small-/wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) was used to investigate the morphological evolution up ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01831

17. Atomistic Simulation of Nanoindentation of Ice Iₕ

Author:
Santos-Flórez, Pedro Antonio; Ruestes, Carlos J.; de Koning, Maurice
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2020 v.124 no.17 pp. 9329-9336
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
melting; melting point,   etc   ; crystallization; deformation; hardness; ice; molecular dynamics; simulation models; temperature;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study the nanoindentation response of the ice Iₕ basal surface using two popular water models, namely, the all-atom TIP4P/Ice potential and the coarse-grained mW model. In particular, we consider two markedly different temperatures at which a quasi-liquid layer (QLL) is or is not present. We discuss loading curves, hardness estimates, deformation mechanisms ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c00255

18. New approach to identify colistin‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa by high‐resolution melting curve analysis assay

Author:
Tahmasebi, H.; Dehbashi, S.; Arabestani, M.R.
Source:
Letters in applied microbiology 2020 v.70 no.4 pp. 290-299
ISSN:
0266-8254
Subject:
melting; melting curve analysis,   etc   ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; antibiotics; bacteria; computer software; health services; plasmids; resistance genes; temperature;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Colistin‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), as a health care system threat, is increasing globally. This study aimed was to determine CRPA by high‐resolution melting curve (HRM) analysis method. The HRM method was done on standard strains of P. aeruginosa and CRPA strains. Ninefold serial dilutions of known genomic DNA (gDNA) and plasmid DNA (pDNA) concentrations, extracted from P. aeruginos ...
DOI:
10.1111/lam.13270

19. Performance analysis of a vertically oriented concentric-tube PCM based thermal energy storage system: Parametric study and correlation development

Author:
Mekrisuh, Kedumese u; Singh, Dushyant; Udayraj,
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.149 pp. 902-916
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
melting; melting point,   etc   ; equations; heat transfer; latent heat; models; renewable energy sources; temperature; thermal energy;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Latent heat based thermal energy storage systems stores energy which can be retrieved whenever required. Total melting time (or melting rate) is an important parameter which governs suitability of any system for a given application. In the present work, a numerical analysis has been performed on the vertically orientated concentric double-pipe storage system. Effect of phase change material (PCM) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.10.074

20. Optimization on producibility improvement and the recycling process of neutron multipliers for fusion applications

Author:
Kim, Jae-Hwan; Nakamichi, Masaru
Source:
Journal of materials science 2020 v.55 no.6 pp. 2454-2461
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
melting; melting point,   etc   ; beryllium; brittleness; electrodes; multipliers; neutrons; oxidation; oxygen; powders; recycling; temperature;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Beryllium and beryllium intermetallic compound (beryllide) pebbles have been regarded as a neutron multiplier in an international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER), as well as a demonstration (DEMO) fusion reactor. A novel fabrication process of the beryllide pebbles has been successfully established by combining the plasma sintering and rotating electrode processes. However, owing to the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-019-04213-0