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1. Mesophyll conductance: walls, membranes and spatial complexity

Author:
John R. Evans
Source:
new phytologist 2021 v.229 no.4 pp. 1864-1876
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; carbon; carbon dioxide; cell walls; chloroplasts; diffusion; effective porosity; leaf area; leaves; light intensity; models; nitrogen; permeability; photosynthesis; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; surface area; temperature; thickness; walls; water;     Show all 20 Subjects
Abstract:
... A significant resistance to CO₂ diffusion is imposed by mesophyll tissue inside leaves. Mesophyll resistance, rₘ (or its reciprocal, mesophyll conductance, gₘ), reduces the rate at which Rubisco can fix CO₂, increasing the water and nitrogen costs of carbon acquisition. gₘ varies in proportion to the surface area of chloroplasts exposed to intercellular airspace per unit leaf area. It also ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.16968

2. Apolygus lucorum genome provides insights into omnivorousness and mesophyll feeding

Author:
Yang Liu; Hangwei Liu; Hengchao Wang; Tianyu Huang; Bo Liu; Bin Yang; Lijuan Yin; Bin Li; Yan Zhang; Sai Zhang; Fan Jiang; Xiaxuan Zhang; Yuwei Ren; Bing Wang; Sen Wang; Yanhui Lu; Kongming Wu; Wei Fan; Guirong Wang
Source:
Molecular ecology resources 2021 v.21 no.1 pp. 287-300
ISSN:
1755-098X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Miridae; chromosomes; genome; insect pests; metabolic detoxification; olfactory perception; omnivores; plant damage; polygalacturonase; saliva; transposons;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... of genes associated with omnivorousness and mesophyll feeding such as those related to digestion, chemosensory perception, and detoxification were observed in A. lucorum, suggesting that gene expansion contributed to its strong environmental adaptability and severe harm to crops. We clarified that a salivary enzyme polygalacturonase is unique in mirid bugs and has significantly expanded in A. lucorum ...
DOI:
10.1111/1755-0998.13253

3. Mesophyll‐derived sugars are positive regulators of light‐driven stomatal opening

Author:
Sabrina Flütsch; Diana Santelia
Source:
The new phytologist 2021 v.230 no.5 pp. 1754-1760
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; carbon metabolism; carbon sinks; cell membranes; energy; guard cells; malates; metabolites; plant growth;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... as allosteric activators, counter‐ions, energy source and osmolytes. However, their origin and exact fate remain debated. Recent work revealed that the guard cell carbon pool regulating stomatal function and plant growth is mostly of mesophyll origin, highlighting a tight correlation between mesophyll and guard cell metabolism. This review discusses latest research into guard cell carbon metabolism and its ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.17322

4. Targeted knockdown of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase in rice mesophyll cells

Author:
Chirag Maheshwari; Robert A. Coe; Shanta Karki; Sarah Covshoff; Ronald Tapia; Aruna Tyagi; Julian M. Hibberd; Robert T. Furbank; William Paul Quick; Hsiang-Chun Lin
Source:
Journal of plant physiology 2021 v.260 pp. 153395
ISSN:
0176-1617
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; biomass production; carbon dioxide; corn; genes; grain yield; phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase; photorespiration; plant physiology; protein content; ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; rice;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... We generated antisense constructs targeting two of the five Rubisco small subunit genes (OsRBCS2 and 4) which account for between 30–40 % of the RBCS transcript abundance in leaf blades. The constructs were driven by a maize phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) promoter known to have enriched expression in mesophyll cells (MCs). In the resulting lines leaf, Rubisco protein content was reduced ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153395

5. Linking canopy‐scale mesophyll conductance and phloem sugar δ13C using empirical and modelling approaches

Author:
Pauliina Schiestl‐Aalto; Zsofia R. Stangl; Lasse Tarvainen; Göran Wallin; John Marshall; Annikki Mäkelä
Source:
new phytologist 2021 v.229 no.6 pp. 3141-3155
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; air; carbon; cold; drought; dynamic models; growth rings; leaves; phloem; photosynthates; photosynthesis; prediction; sugars; trees; water use efficiency;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Interpreting phloem carbohydrate or xylem tissue carbon isotopic composition as measures of water‐use efficiency or past tree productivity requires in‐depth knowledge of the factors altering the isotopic composition within the pathway from ambient air to phloem contents and tree ring. One of least understood of these factors is mesophyll conductance (gₘ). We formulated a dynamic model describing ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.17094

6. Accounting for mesophyll conductance substantially improves 13C‐based estimates of intrinsic water‐use efficiency

Author:
Wei Ting Ma; Guillaume Tcherkez; Xu Ming Wang; Rudi Schäufele; Hans Schnyder; Yusheng Yang; Xiao Ying Gong
Source:
new phytologist 2021 v.229 no.3 pp. 1326-1338
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; accounting; carbon; carbon dioxide; correlation; data collection; databases; gas exchange; herbaceous plants; moieties; photosynthesis; prediction; vegetation types; water; water stress; water use efficiency;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) has been used widely to infer intrinsic water‐use efficiency (iWUE) of C₃ plants, a key parameter linking carbon and water fluxes. Despite the essential role of mesophyll conductance (gₘ) in photosynthesis and Δ, its effect on Δ‐based predictions of iWUE has generally been neglected. Here, we derive a mathematical expression of iWUE as a function of Δ ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.16958

7. Whole‐tree mesophyll conductance reconciles isotopic and gas‐exchange estimates of water‐use efficiency

Author:
Teresa E. Gimeno; Courtney E. Campany; John E. Drake; Craig V.M. Barton; Mark G. Tjoelker; Nerea Ubierna; John D. Marshall
Source:
new phytologist 2021 v.229 no.5 pp. 2535-2547
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Eucalyptus tereticornis; abiotic stress; air temperature; ambient temperature; autumn; carbon; drought; gas exchange; hydrologic cycle; leaves; phloem; photosynthesis; spring; summer; trees; variability; water use efficiency;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Photosynthetic water‐use efficiency (WUE) describes the link between terrestrial carbon (C) and water cycles. Estimates of intrinsic WUE (iWUE) from gas exchange and C isotopic composition (δ¹³C) differ due to an internal conductance in the leaf mesophyll (gₘ) that is variable and seldom computed. We present the first direct estimates of whole‐tree gₘ, together with iWUE from whole‐tree gas ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.17088

8. An Argon-Ion-Induced Pale Green Mutant of Arabidopsis Exhibiting Rapid Disassembly of Mesophyll Chloroplast Grana

Author:
Alvin Sanjaya; Yusuke Kazama; Kotaro Ishii; Ryohsuke Muramatsu; Kengo Kanamaru; Sumie Ohbu; Tomoko Abe; Makoto T. Fujiwara
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Arabidopsis thaliana; chlorosis; chromosomes; fluorescence microscopy; genes; genetic analysis; grana; metalloproteinases; mutagenesis; mutagens; mutants; phenotype; photosynthesis; progeny; shrinkage; thylakoids;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Argon-ion beam is an effective mutagen capable of inducing a variety of mutation types. In this study, an argon ion-induced pale green mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana was isolated and characterized. The mutant, designated Ar50-33-pg1, exhibited moderate defects of growth and greening and exhibited rapid chlorosis in photosynthetic tissues. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed that mesophyll ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10050848

9. Comparative proteomics of Mesembryanthemum crystallinum guard cells and mesophyll cells in transition from C3 to CAM

Author:
Qijie Guan; Wenwen Kong; Dan Zhu; Wei Zhu; Craig Dufresne; Jingkui Tian; Sixue Chen
Source:
Journal of proteomics 2021 v.231 pp. 104019
ISSN:
1874-3919
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Crassulacean acid metabolism; Mesembryanthemum crystallinum; carbon dioxide fixation; cell growth; crops; food production; food security; guard cells; messenger RNA; protein content; proteins; proteomics; quantitative polymerase chain reaction; salinity; water use efficiency;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Salinity can induce Mesembryanthemum crystallinum to shift its photosynthesis from C₃ to crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), leading to enhanced plant water use efficiency. Studying how M. crystallinum changes its carbon fixation pathways is important for potential translation into crops and enhancing crop resilience. In this study, we examined proteomic changes in guard cells and mesophyll cells ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104019

10. The expansion of mesophyll cells is coordinated with the division of chloroplasts in diploid and tetraploid Arabidopsis thaliana

Author:
Hanjun He; Wei Xie; Zhixin Liang; Hong Wu; Mei Bai
Source:
Planta 2021 v.253 no.3 pp. 64
ISSN:
0032-0935
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Arabidopsis thaliana; cell division; chloroplasts; diploidy; gene expression; leaf development; tetraploidy;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... MAIN CONCLUSION: Cell expression is coordinated with chloroplast division in diploid and tetraploid Arabidopsis thaliana, polyploidy promoted the expansion of mesophyll cells and chloroplast division in A. thaliana. Cell development and differentiation are always accompanied by cell expansion and chloroplast division in plants, but the relationship between them is still relatively unknown ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00425-021-03578-4

11. Phenology of leaf optical properties and their relationship to mesophyll development in cool-temperate deciduous broad-leaf trees.

Author:
Hibiki M. Noda; Hiroyuki Muraoka; Kenlo Nishida Nasahara
Source:
Agricultural and forest meteorology 2021 v.297 pp. 108236
ISSN:
0168-1923
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Betula ermanii; Quercus mongolica; chlorophyll; forests; leaf abscission; leaf emergence; leaf reflectance; leaves; meteorology; models; phenology; photosynthetically active radiation; pioneer species; reflectance; remote sensing; seasonal development; transmittance;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... and their relationship to chlorophyll content and/or mesophyll structure in deciduous trees, we examined these mechanistic relationships in a pioneer species, Betula ermanii, and in sunlit and shade leaves of a late-successional species, Quercus crispula, during their seasonal development. Leaf optical properties were measured from leaf emergence to leaf fall in four years. After leaf unfolding, reflectance ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108236

12. Mesophyll photosynthetic sensitivity to leaf water potential in Eucalyptus: a new dimension of plant adaptation to native moisture supply

Author:
Amanda M. Salvi; Duncan D. Smith; Mark A. Adams; Katherine A. McCulloh; Thomas J. Givnish
Source:
The new phytologist 2021 v.230 no.5 pp. 1844-1855
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Eucalyptus; carbon; drought; drought tolerance; ecological function; indigenous species; leaf water potential; leaves; photosynthesis; phylogeny; plant adaptation; turgor;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... different leaf water potentials (ψₗₑₐf) to quantify mesophyll photosynthetic sensitivity to ψₗₑₐf (MPS), a measure of how rapidly nonstomatal limitations to carbon uptake increase with declining ψₗₑₐf. MPS was compared to the macroclimatic moisture availability of the species’ native habitats, while accounting for phylogenetic relationships. We found that species native to mesic habitats have greater MPS ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.17304

13. Differences in leaf anatomy determines temperature response of leaf hydraulic and mesophyll CO2 conductance in phylogenetically related C4 and C3 grass species

Author:
Balasaheb V. Sonawane; Nuria K. Koteyeva; Daniel M. Johnson; Asaph B. Cousins
Source:
The new phytologist 2021 v.230 no.5 pp. 1802-1814
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Panicum antidotale; carbon; carbon dioxide; grasses; hydraulic conductivity; phylogeny; temperature; xylem;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Leaf hydraulic and mesophyll CO₂ conductance are both influenced by leaf anatomical traits, however it is poorly understood how the temperature response of these conductances differs between C₄ and C₃ species with distinct leaf anatomy. This study investigated the temperature response of leaf hydraulic conductance (Kₗₑₐf), stomatal (gₛ) and mesophyll (gₘ) conductance to CO₂, and leaf anatomical ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.17287

14. Cellular perspectives for improving mesophyll conductance

Author:
Marjorie R. Lundgren; Andrew J. Fleming
Source:
plant journal 2020 v.101 no.4 pp. 845-857
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; carbon dioxide; chloroplasts; engineering; leaves; photosynthesis;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... After entering the leaf, CO₂ faces an intricate pathway to the site of photosynthetic fixation embedded within the chloroplasts. The efficiency of CO₂ flux is hindered by a number of structural and biochemical barriers which, together, define the ease of flow of the gas within the leaf, termed mesophyll conductance. Previous authors have identified the key elements of this pathway, raising ...
DOI:
10.1111/tpj.14656
PubMed:
31854030
PubMed Central:
PMC7065256

15. Accumulation of phosphorus and calcium in different cells protects the phosphorus-hyperaccumulator Ptilotus exaltatus from phosphorus toxicity in high-phosphorus soils

Author:
Daihua Ye; Peta L. Clode; Timothy A. Hammer; Jiayin Pang; Hans Lambers; Megan H. Ryan
Source:
Chemosphere 2021 v.264 pp. 128438
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Kennedia; calcium; leaves; potassium; sandy soils; sulfur; toxicity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... ⁻¹) under high-P and P-pulse treatments; shoot dry weight was unchanged for P. exaltatus, but decreased by >50% for K. prostrata. Under high-P, in young fully-expanded leaves, both species accumulated P predominantly as inorganic P. However, P. exaltatus preferentially allocated P to mesophyll cells and stored calcium (Ca) as occasional crystals in specific lower mesophyll cells, separate from P, while K ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128438

16. Changes in structure and dimension of plasmodesmata in the phloem loading pathway in Tecoma capensis (Bignoniaceae) - locating the polymer trap

Author:
CEJ Botha; Nelisha Murugan
Source:
South African journal of botany 2021 v.140 pp. 76-86
ISSN:
0254-6299
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Tecoma; plasma membrane; plasmodesmata; raffinose; sucrose; ultrastructure;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... interfaces in the phloem loading pathway and (b) to undertake a comprehensive study of the ultrastructure of plasmodesmata in the loading pathway. We noted that the average plasmodesmatal total diameter decreased from 49.5 nm in the common walls between mesophyll cells, to 47.5 nm between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells, to 31.2 nm at the interface between bundle sheath and intermediary cells ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sajb.2021.03.032

17. Can hydraulic design explain patterns of leaf water isotopic enrichment in C3 plants?

Author:
Margaret M. Barbour; Karen E. Loucos; Erin L. Lockhart; Arjina Shrestha; Daniel McCallum; Kevin A. Simonin; Xin Song; Danielle S. Griffani; Graham D. Farquhar
Source:
Plant, cell and environment 2021 v.44 no.2 pp. 432-444
ISSN:
0140-7791
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; environment; isotopic enrichment; leaves; liquids; mechanistic models; oxygen isotopes; transpiration;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... the relevance of a Péclet effect to ΔL in 19 of the 21 species tested. Leaves with well‐developed hydraulic connections between the vascular tissue and the epidermal cells through bundle sheath extensions and clear distinctions between palisade and spongy mesophyll layers (while the mesophyll is hydraulically disconnected) may have velocities of the transpiration stream such that gradients in H₂¹⁸O develop ...
DOI:
10.1111/pce.13943

18. Differences in Leaf Morphological Parameters of Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Based on Their Susceptibility to European Pear Rust Caused by Gymnosporangium sabinae (Dicks.) Oerst.

Author:
Katrīna Kārkliņa; Gunārs Lācis; Baiba Lāce
Source:
Plants 2021 v.10 no.5 pp. -
ISSN:
2223-7747
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; Gymnosporangium; Pyrus communis; disease severity; genotype; leaf area; leaves; pathogens; pears; phloem; specific leaf weight; water content; xylem;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... European pear rust is an important disease; however, the relationship between its causal pathogen Gymnosporangium sabinae (Dicks.) Oerst. and host Pyrus communis L. is poorly understood. In this study, disease severity was measured, and leaf samples were collected over three years, and their leaf water content; leaf area; leaf mass per area; and epidermis, mesophyll, and vascular tissue width ...
DOI:
10.3390/plants10051024

19. Translocation and biotoxicity of metal (oxide) nanoparticles in the wetland-plant system

Author:
Xiangyu Yang; Qiang He; Fucheng Guo; Xiaobo Liu; Yi Chen
Source:
Frontiers of environmental science & engineering 2021 v.15 no.6 pp. 138
ISSN:
2095-2201
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; catalase; malondialdehyde; peroxidase; photosynthesis; superoxide dismutase; wastewater;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... concentrations. Results showed that ENPs appeared in the vascular bundle and mesophyll cell space, which induced the variation in antioxidase activities (e.g., superoxide dismutase [SOD], peroxidase [POD], and catalase [CAT] activities) as well as overproduction of malondialdehyde (MDA). Additionally, Ag NPs inhibited photosynthesis rate and root activity during two exposure phases. CeO₂ NPs had positive ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11783-021-1432-4

20. The developmental relationship between stomata and mesophyll airspace

Author:
Alice L. Baillie; Andrew J. Fleming
Source:
new phytologist 2020 v.225 no.3 pp. 1120-1126
ISSN:
0028-646X
Subject:
mesophyll,   etc   ; gas exchange; leaf development; stomata; water use efficiency;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The quantitative and spatial coordination of stomatal pores in the epidermis and airspaces in the underlying mesophyll tissue is vital for efficient gas exchange in the leaf. The mechanisms that determine the distribution of stomata in the epidermis have been studied extensively, but how this relates to the regulation of mesophyll airspace configuration is poorly understood. Recent studies have ...
DOI:
10.1111/nph.16341