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1. Investigating a non-destructive alternative for a preliminary evaluation of fungal growth in solid state fermentations

Author:
López-Gómez, José Pablo; Pérez-Rivero, Cristina; Webb, Colin
Source:
Journal of microbiological methods 2019 v.160 pp. 60-67
ISSN:
0167-7012
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; agar; biotechnology; color; fungal growth; fungi; industry; laboratory experimentation; solid state fermentation;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Solid state fermentation (SSF) is an ancient technique which keeps attracting the attention of the food and biotechnology industries; however, a direct quantification of microbial biomass is still a fundamental challenge in this type of processes. Typically, growth is measured using indirect and destructive methods which do not allow a continuous evaluation of the evolution of microbial biomass wi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.mimet.2019.03.021

2. Microbial Biomass and Its Structure in Karst Peats of Tula Oblast

Author:
Golovchenko, A. V.; Volkova, E. M.
Source:
Eurasian soil science 2019 v.52 no.3 pp. 333-338
ISSN:
1064-2293
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; Histosols; bacteria; eutrophication; fungi; karsts; luminescence; microscopy; mycelium; peat; plant communities;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microbial biomass and its structure in karst peats (Eutric Fibric Histosols), Dystric Fibric Histosols) in Tula oblast were studied by luminescent microscopy. The microbial biomass varied from 11 to 37 mg/g in the upper 0.5-m layer and reached its maximum in a young thin peat layer. In thick peat layers, microbial biomass amounted to 15 to 21 mg/g as calculated for the whole thickness. Upper layer ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1064229319030049

3. Natural 13C abundance reveals age of dietary carbon sources in nematode trophic groups

Author:
Vestergård, Mette; Dam, Marie; Mortensen, Louise Hindborg; Dyckmans, Jens; Christensen, Bent T.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2019 v.130 pp. 1-7
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; Nematoda; bacterivores; carbon; corn; feces; field experimentation; fungivores; roots; sheep; soil; stable isotopes;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... We determined the 13C/12C ratio (expressed as δ13C ‰) of microbial biomass and nematode trophic groups in a small-plot field experiment with soil converted from C3- to C4-crop (silage maize) 20 years ago. During this period, the plots were subjected to three different organic input treatments: 1) maize stubbles and roots left after harvest (MS), 2) MS plus annual addition of aboveground maize biom ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.11.024

4. Single and joint effects of Zn and Cu to ATP pool and microbial recovery in continuous growth systems

Author:
Şengör, Sema Sevinç; Gikas, Petros; Moberly, James G
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2019 v.94 no.3 pp. 892-899
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; Arthrobacter; absorbance; adenosine triphosphate; copper; energy; metal tolerance; microbial communities; microbial growth; toxicity; zinc;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Four parallel continuous stirred tank reactors were used to investigate the single and joint exposure of Zn and Cu to Arthrobacter sp. JM018, in terms of the impact on the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) pool and microbial tolerance. RESULTS: ATP, optical density (OD), and substrate concentration measurements indicated that Cu was more toxic than Zn under all conditions studied. The resul ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.5836

5. Contamination in Low Microbial Biomass Microbiome Studies: Issues and Recommendations

Author:
Eisenhofer, Raphael; Minich, Jeremiah J.; Marotz, Clarisse; Cooper, Alan; Knight, Rob; Weyrich, Laura S.
Source:
Trends in microbiology 2019 v.27 no.2 pp. 105-117
ISSN:
0966-842X
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; DNA; cross contamination; genome; high-throughput nucleotide sequencing; microbial communities; microbiome; surveys;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Next-generation sequencing approaches in microbiome research have allowed surveys of microbial communities, their genomes, and their functions with higher sensitivity than ever before. However, this sensitivity is a double-edged sword because these tools also efficiently detect contaminant DNA and cross-contamination, which can confound the interpretation of microbiome data. Therefore, there is an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tim.2018.11.003

6. Identification and removal of contaminating microbial DNA from PCR reagents: impact on low‐biomass microbiome analyses

Author:
Stinson, L.F.; Keelan, J.A.; Payne, M.S.
Source:
Letters in applied microbiology 2019 v.68 no.1 pp. 2-8
ISSN:
0266-8254
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; DNA; decontamination; enzymes; microbiome; polymerase chain reaction; ribosomal RNA;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Reagent‐derived contamination can compromise the integrity of microbiome data, particularly in low microbial biomass samples. This contamination has recently been attributed to the ‘kitome’ (contamination introduced by the DNA extraction kit), prior to which attention was mostly paid to potential contamination introduced by PCR reagents. In this study, we assessed the proportion to which our DNA e ...
DOI:
10.1111/lam.13091

7. Microbiological Characteristics of Soils of the Upper Delta of the Selenga River under Arid Conditions (Baikal Region)

Author:
Makushkin, E. O.
Source:
Biology bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences 2019 v.46 no.1 pp. 96-104
ISSN:
1062-3590
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; Arthrobacter; bacteria; cattle; dry environmental conditions; floodplains; grazing; islands; rivers; soil; taxonomy; Russia;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The abundance, ratio of ecologo-trophic groups of microorganisms, microbial biomass, and predominant members of the taxonomic composition of microbial complexes are indicators of the different ecological states of soils of the central floodplain and islands of the upper delta of the Selenga River under arid conditions. The highest coefficients of oligotrophy with an increased share of microorganis ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1062359018060079

8. Effects of elevated ozone on the contribution of nitrogen rhizodeposition by spring wheat to different soil N pools

Author:
Cao, Yanhong; Shi, Yi; Sun, Xinchao; Lu, Caiyan; Liu, Xueyan
Source:
Plant and soil 2018 v.425 no.1-2 pp. 321-333
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; ammonium; nitrogen; ozone; rhizodeposition; soil; spring wheat;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Elevated ozone (O₃) decreases nitrogen derived from rhizodeposition (NdfR). However, the changes in the partitioning of NdfR in soil N pools due to O₃ remain unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the contribution of NdfR to different soil N pools and its response to elevated O₃ conditions. METHODS: Spring wheat was labeled with ¹⁵N–urea using a split-root techniq ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-018-3592-y

9. Influence of different redox conditions and dissolved organic matter on pesticide biodegradation in simulated groundwater systems

Author:
Luo, Yujia; Atashgahi, Siavash; Rijnaarts, Huub H.M.; Comans, Rob N.J.; Sutton, Nora B.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.677 pp. 692-699
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; 2,4-D; bentazon; biodegradation; fulvic acids; genes; groundwater; liquids; mecoprop; pesticide degradation; quantitative polymerase chain reaction;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Insights into the influence of redox conditions, that is the availability of electron acceptors, and dissolved organic matter (DOM) on pesticide biodegradation in groundwater are key to understanding the environmental fate of pesticides in natural groundwater systems. Here, the influence of redox conditions and supplemental DOM addition on biodegradation of pesticides, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic ac ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.128

10. A compilation and bioenergetic evaluation of syntrophic microbial growth yields in anaerobic digestion

Author:
Patón, Mauricio; Rodríguez, Jorge
Source:
Water research 2019 v.159 pp. 176-183
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; adenosine triphosphate; anaerobic digestion; electron transfer; energy; hydrogen; lactic acid; methanogens; microbial growth; simulation models; volatile fatty acids;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... A compilation and analysis of experimentally determined microbial growth yields for syntrophic volatile fatty acid (VFA), lactate oxidisers and methanogens in anaerobic digestion (AD) systems is presented. Only studies based on experimental determinations or sound model-to-data fitting that specifically address parameter identifiability, have been considered. The experimentally determined values a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.013

11. Labile and stable pools of organic matter in soil amended with sewage sludge biochar

Author:
Figueiredo, Cícero Célio de; Farias, Walda Monteiro; Melo, Bruno Araújo de; Chagas, Jhon Kenedy Moura; Vale, Ailton Teixeira; Coser, Thais Rodrigues
Source:
Archiv für Acker- und Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde 2019 v.65 no.6 pp. 770-781
ISSN:
1476-3567
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; biochar; carbon; mineral fertilizers; nutrients; pyrolysis; sewage sludge; soil; soil amendments; soil organic matter; temperature;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... One of the main advantages of using biochar for agricultural purposes is its ability to store carbon (C) in soil for a long-term. Studies of labile and stable fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) may be a good indicator of the dynamics of biochar in soils. This study evaluated the effects of applying sewage sludge biochar (SSB) in combination with mineral fertilizer on fractions of SOM. To condu ...
DOI:
10.1080/03650340.2018.1524577

12. Contrasting responses after fires of the source components of soil respiration and ecosystem respiration

Author:
Chen, Ji; Zhang, Yuefang; Luo, Yiqi; Zhou, Xuhui; Jiang, Yu; Zhao, Jin; Chen, Yizhao; Wang, Chao; Guo, Liang; Cao, Junji
Source:
European journal of soil science 2019 v.70 no.3 pp. 616-629
ISSN:
1351-0754
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; burning; carbon; cell respiration; ecological imbalance; ecosystem respiration; ecosystems; meadows; microbial activity; soil respiration; soil water; wildfires; China;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wildfire is an important ecological disturbance that can have cascading effects on ecosystem carbon (C) fluxes. Ecosystem respiration (ER) and soil respiration (SR) account for two of the largest terrestrial C fluxes to the atmosphere, and they play critical roles in regulating C–climate feedbacks. Here, the responses of ER, SR and their source components to experimental burning in a meadow grassl ...
DOI:
10.1111/ejss.12786

13. Roots, mycorrhizal fungi and altitude as determinants of litter decomposition and soil animal communities in tropical montane rainforests

Author:
Marian, Franca; Brown, Linda; Sandmann, Dorothee; Maraun, Mark; Scheu, Stefan
Source:
Plant and soil 2019 v.438 no.1-2 pp. 1-18
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; Collembola; Sarcoptiformes; altitude; animal communities; community structure; mycorrhizal fungi; plant litter; rain forests; roots; water content; Ecuador;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... AIMS: This study assesses the importance of root- and mycorrhiza-derived resources for decomposition processes and as food resources for microarthropod communities along an altitudinal gradient of tropical montane rainforests in southern Ecuador. METHODS: At 1000, 2000 and 3000 m microcosms with openings of different mesh sizes (4 mm, 45 μm) or closed were exposed in the field, manipulating access ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-019-03999-x

14. Transformation of Nitrogen Compounds in Soils of Mountain Tundra Ecosystems in the Khibiny

Author:
Buzin, I. S.; Makarov, M. I.; Malysheva, T. I.; Kadulin, M. S.; Koroleva, N. E.; Maslov, M. N.
Source:
Eurasian soil science 2019 v.52 no.5 pp. 518-525
ISSN:
1064-2293
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; carbon; carbon nitrogen ratio; ecosystems; meadows; microbial communities; microbial nitrogen; microorganisms; mineralization; mountains; nitrification; nitrogen compounds; soil; tundra;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The content of nitrogen compounds and processes of nitrogen mineralization and nitrification were studied in the soils of four tundra ecosystems in the Khibiny Mountains. The results obtained demonstrate the differences between soils of heath and meadow ecosystems in the concentrations of extracted inorganic and organic nitrogen and in the activity of nitrogen transformation. The relationships bet ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1064229319030025

15. Glucose and ribose stabilization in soil: Convergence and divergence of carbon pathways assessed by position-specific labeling

Author:
Bore, Ezekiel K.; Kuzyakov, Yakov; Dippold, Michaela A.
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2019 v.131 pp. 54-61
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; carbon; carbon pathways; glucose; glycolysis; microorganisms; models; necromass; pentose phosphate cycle; ribose; soil; soil organic matter; stable isotopes;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Transformation of sugars by microorganisms is a key process influencing carbon (C) stabilization in soil. To reveal the mechanisms responsible for the persistence of labile C in soil, the fates of position-specific and uniformly 13C labeled glucose and ribose were studied under field conditions for 800 days. We hypothesized a convergence of the fate of individual C positions and substances because ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.12.027

16. Warming suppresses microbial biomass but enhances N recycling

Author:
Gao, Wenlong; Yan, Denghua
Source:
Soil biology & biochemistry 2019 v.131 pp. 111-118
ISSN:
0038-0717
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; C4 plants; aboveground biomass; climate; ecosystems; grasslands; meta-analysis; mineralization; nitrates; nitrogen; plant growth; soil; temperature;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Temperate grasslands are semi-arid ecosystems where plant growth and productivity are constrained not only by water, but also by nitrogen (N). However, rising temperatures may cause a progressive decrease in the availability of water and N to plants in temperate grasslands, negatively affecting long-term C fixation. To predict whether declining N availability would occur under a future warmer clim ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.01.002

17. Microbial electrochemical treatment of biorefinery black liquor and resource recovery

Author:
Chen, Xi; Katahira, Rui; Ge, Zheng; Lu, Lu; Hou, Dianxun; Peterson, Darren J.; Tucker, Melvin P.; Chen, Xiaowen; Ren, Zhiyong Jason
Source:
Green chemistry 2019 v.21 no.6 pp. 1258-1266
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; biofuels; biorefining; electrochemistry; green chemistry; hydrogen; lignin; pH; reaction mechanisms; salts; value added; waste liquors; wastewater treatment;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biorefineries valorize waste biomass to biofuels and bioproducts, but the associated wastewater treatment is costly and energy-intensive. This study demonstrates that not only the recalcitrant black liquor generated from biorefineries can be treated using a microbial electrochemical process, but also value-added materials including lignin, chemicals, and H₂ can be separated to enable resource reco ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8gc02909a

18. Fungi to bacteria ratio: Historical misinterpretations and potential implications

Author:
Wang, Xiaoli; Zhang, Weixin; Shao, Yuanhu; Zhao, Jie; Zhou, Lixia; Zou, Xiaoming; Fu, Shenglei
Source:
Acta oecologica 2019 v.95 pp. 1-11
ISSN:
1146-609X
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; bacteria; data collection; energy flow; fungi; microscopy; phospholipid fatty acids; soil fauna; soil food webs; terrestrial ecosystems; uncertainty;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bacteria and fungi are the primary consumers and, thus, the decomposition pathways are described accordingly as bacterial-based or fungal-based energy channels. However, the fungi to bacteria ratios (F: B), which indicated either by microbial biomass, respiration, or growth, represents only a snapshot of the whole energy channel during a given period rather than the cumulative contribution. Even t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.actao.2018.10.003

19. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction in constructed wetland mesocosms

Author:
Shuai, Weitao; Jaffé, Peter R.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.648 pp. 984-992
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; Acidimicrobiaceae; ammonium; anaerobic ammonium oxidation; bacteria; constructed wetlands; enrichment culture; ferrihydrite; iron; oxidation; pH; plant density; sand;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Acidimicrobiaceae sp. A6 (referred to as A6) was recently identified as playing a key role in the Feammox process (ammonium oxidation coupled to iron reduction). Two constructed wetlands (CW) were built and bioaugmented with A6 to determine if, under the right conditions, Feammox can be enhanced in CWs by having strata with higher iron content. Hence, the solid stratum in the CWs was sand, and one ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.189

20. Production of microbial biomass feedstock via co-cultivation of microalgae-bacteria consortium coupled with effective wastewater treatment: A sustainable approach

Author:
Makut, Bidhu Bhusan; Das, Debasish; Goswami, Gargi
Source:
Algal research 2019 v.37 pp. 228-239
ISSN:
2211-9264
Subject:
microbial biomass,   etc   ; Chlorella sorokiniana; Klebsiella pneumoniae; bacteria; biomass production; chemical oxygen demand; coculture; feedstocks; microalgae; nitrates; wastewater; wastewater treatment;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... A sustainable process was demonstrated towards production of biomass feedstock coupled with wastewater treatment. Sustainability was endeavored to be achieved via symbiotic growth of microalgae and bacteria coupled with utilization of wastewater as cheap source of nutrient and water. The best microalgae-bacteria consortium comprised of two microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana strain DBWC2 &Chlorella s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.algal.2018.11.020