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1. Impact of pulsating flows on particle deposition in forward osmosis with spacers

Author:
Kastl, Andreas; Bar-Zeev, Edo; Spinnler, Markus; Sattelmayer, Thomas
Source:
Journal of membrane science 2021 v.635 pp. 119444
ISSN:
0376-7388
Subject:
fluorescence microscopy,   etc   ; osmosis; polystyrenes;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Fouling continues to be a limiting factor in membrane processes. Pulsating feed flows have the potential to decrease fouling while maintaining a constant pressure drop over the module. This study quantifies the impact of pulsating flows on particle deposition in a forward osmosis system with spacers at a mean crossflow velocity of 14 cm s⁻¹ and permeate water flux of 18 L m⁻² h⁻¹. Carboxylate modi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119444

2. Deciphering Organoids: High-Dimensional Analysis of Biomimetic Cultures

Author:
Qin, Xiao; Tape, Christopher J.
Source:
Trends in biotechnology 2021 v.39 no.8 pp. 774-787
ISSN:
0167-7799
Subject:
microscopy,   etc   ; biomimetics; organoids;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Organoids are self-organising stem cell-derived ex vivo cultures widely adopted as biomimetic models of healthy and diseased tissues. Traditional low-dimensional experimental methods such as microscopy and bulk molecular analysis have generated remarkable biological insights from organoids. However, as complex heterocellular systems, organoids are especially well-positioned to take advantage of em ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.10.013

3. An update on molecular counting in fluorescence microscopy

Author:
Hummert, Johan; Tashev, Stanimir Asenov; Herten, Dirk-Peter
Source:
The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology 2021 v.135 pp. 105978
ISSN:
1357-2725
Subject:
fluorescence microscopy,   etc   ; biochemistry; fluorescence;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Quantitative assessment of protein complexes, such as receptor clusters in the context of cellular signalling, has become a pressing objective in cell biology. The advancements in the field of single molecule fluorescence microscopy have led to different approaches for counting protein copy numbers in various cellular structures. This has resulted in an increasing interest in robust calibration pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocel.2021.105978

4. Modern optical microscopy methods to study biomolecular condensates

Author:
Shakya, Anisha; King, John T.
Source:
Current opinion in colloid & interface science 2021 v.52 pp. 101421
ISSN:
1359-0294
Subject:
light microscopy,   etc   ; organelles; separation;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cells achieve highly intricate internal organization via membrane-bound and membraneless organelles. Research over the past decade has implicated liquid–liquid phase separation, a phenomenon by which charged and often disordered biological macromolecules assemble into reversible liquid-like condensates, as the mechanism of formation of membraneless organelles in cells. During the same period, opti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101421

5. Catalytic route electrochemiluminescence microscopy of cell membranes with nitrogen-doped carbon dots as nano-coreactants

Author:
Ma, Cheng; Wang, Min-Xuan; Wei, Hui-Fang; Wu, Shaojun; Zhang, Jian-Rong; Zhu, Jun-Jie; Chen, Zixuan
Source:
Chemical communications 2021 v.57 no.17 pp. 2168-2171
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
microscopy,   etc   ; electrochemiluminescence; phosphatidylserines;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Catalytic route electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy enables imaging upper cell membranes with freely diffusing Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ as the emitter and nitrogen-doped carbon dots as the nano-coreactants and labels. This strategy provides a vertical resolution when studying the ECL profiles at different heights and realizes the ECL imaging of the externalized phosphatidylserine. ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0cc08223f

6. SERS-active linear barcodes by microfluidic-assisted patterning

Author:
Pekdemir, Sami; Ipekci, Hasan Hüseyin; Serhatlioglu, Murat; Elbuken, Caglar; Onses, M. Serdar
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.584 pp. 11-18
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
microscopy,   etc   ; barcoding; geometry; nanogold;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Simple, low-cost, robust, and scalable fabrication of microscopic linear barcodes with high levels of complexity and multiple authentication layers is critical for emerging applications in information security and anti-counterfeiting. This manuscript presents a novel approach for fabrication of microscopic linear barcodes that can be visualized under Raman microscopy. Microfluidic channels are use ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.087

7. Mechanochemistry: A force in disguise and conditional effects towards chemical reactions

Author:
Mateti, Srikanth; Mathesh, Motilal; Liu, Zhen; Tao, Tao; Ramireddy, Thrinathreddy; Glushenkov, Alexey M.; Yang, Wenrong; Chen, Ying Ian
Source:
Chemical communications 2021 v.57 no.9 pp. 1080-1092
ISSN:
1364-548X
Subject:
microscopy,   etc   ; energy; forces; mechanochemistry;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mechanochemistry refers to unusual chemical reactions induced by mechanical energy at room temperatures. It has attracted increased attention because of advantages, such as being a solution-free, energy saving, high-productivity and low-temperature process. However, there is limited understanding of the mechanochemical process because mechanochemistry is often conducted using closed milling device ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0cc06581a

8. Resolving mobility anisotropy in quasi-free-standing epitaxial graphene by terahertz optical Hall effect

Author:
Armakavicius, Nerijus; Kühne, Philipp; Eriksson, Jens; Bouhafs, Chamseddine; Stanishev, Vallery; Ivanov, Ivan G.; Yakimova, Rositsa; Zakharov, Alexei A.; Al-Temimy, Ameer; Coletti, Camilla; Schubert, Mathias; Darakchieva, Vanya
Source:
Carbon 2021 v.172 pp. 248-259
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
microscopy,   etc   ; anisotropy; graphene; spectroscopy;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this work, we demonstrate the application of terahertz-optical Hall effect (THz-OHE) to determine directionally dependent free charge carrier properties of ambient-doped monolayer and quasi-free-standing-bilayer epitaxial graphene on 4H–SiC(0001). Directionally independent free hole mobility parameters are found for the monolayer graphene. In contrast, anisotropic hole mobility parameters with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2020.09.035

9. Identification, classification, and quantification of three physical mechanisms in oil-in-water emulsions using AlexNet with transfer learning

Author:
Lu, Tao; Yu, Fanqianhui; Xue, Changhu; Han, Baokun
Source:
Journal of food engineering 2021 v.288 pp. 110220
ISSN:
0260-8774
Subject:
microscopy,   etc   ; droplets; emulsions; entropy;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Physical mechanisms of emulsion are generally observed by microscopy images and subjectively identified or judged by experimenters. However, results are not scientific or convincing due to the lack of specific qualitative or quantitative indicators. To overcome this drawback, AlexNet with transfer learning was employed to automatically identify, classify, and quantify three different physical mech ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2020.110220

10. Experimental investigation into the oxidation reactivity, morphology and graphitization of soot particles from diesel/n-octanol mixtures

Author:
Zhou, Qiongyang; Wang, Ying; Wang, Xiaochen; Bai, Yuanqi
Source:
Journal of environmental sciences (China) 2022 v.112 pp. 218-230
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
transmission electron microscopy,   etc   ; Raman spectroscopy; activation energy; crystallites; diesel engines; diesel fuel; fractal dimensions; oxidation; quantitative analysis; soot; thermogravimetry; torque; volatile organic compounds; China;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Aiming to investigate the impacts of n-octanol addition on the oxidation reactivity, morphology and graphitization of diesel exhaust particles, soot samples were collected from a four-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine fueled with D100 (neat diesel fuel), DO15 (85% diesel and 15% n-octanol, V/V) and DO30 (70% diesel and 30% n-octanol, V/V). All tests were conducted at two engine speeds of 1370 an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jes.2021.05.016

11. Influence of NOx on the activity of Pd/θ-Al2O3 catalyst for methane oxidation: Alleviation of transient deactivation

Author:
Cui, Chang; Zhang, Yan; Shan, Wenpo; Yu, Yunbo; He, Hong
Source:
Journal of environmental sciences (China) 2022 v.112 pp. 38-47
ISSN:
1001-0742
Subject:
transmission electron microscopy,   etc   ; X-ray diffraction; X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; aluminum oxide; catalysts; cold; hysteresis; methane; oxidation; palladium; temperature; thermogravimetry; China;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Alumina supported Pd catalyst (Pd/Al₂O₃) is active for complete oxidation of methane, while often suffers transient deactivation during the cold down process. Herein, heating and cooling cycle tests between 200 and 900°C and isothermal experiments at 650°C were conducted to investigate the influence of NOₓ on transient deactivation of Pd/θ-Al₂O₃ catalyst during the methane oxidation. It was found ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jes.2021.04.020

12. Simultaneous membrane binding of Annexin A4 and A5 suppresses 2D lattice formation while maintaining curvature induction

Author:
Mularski, Anna; Sønder, Stine Lauritzen; Heitmann, Anne Sofie Busk; Nylandsted, Jesper; Simonsen, Adam Cohen
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.600 pp. 854-864
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
atomic force microscopy; fluorescence microscopy,   etc   ; calcium; plasma membrane;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Annexin A4 and A5 (ANXA4, ANXA5), both shown to be required for efficient plasma membrane repair (PMR) in living cells, bind as trimers to anionic membranes in the presence of calcium. Both annexins induce membrane curvature and self-assemble into crystal arrays on membranes, observations that have been associated with PMR. However, in-vitro studies of annexins have traditionally been performed us ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2021.05.067

13. Microstructural and rheological investigation of upcycled metal-organic frameworks stabilized Pickering emulsions

Author:
Lorignon, Fabrice; Gossard, Alban; Carboni, Michaël; Meyer, Daniel
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.586 pp. 305-314
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
electron microscopy; light microscopy,   etc   ; emulsions; lithium batteries; texture; wastes;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Stabilizing Pickering emulsions with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a known way to incorporate them into hierarchically porous materials. Studies generally focus on their final properties and emulsion microstructures are rarely precisely described. Our hypothesis was that characterizing the microstructural and rheological properties of Pickering emulsions stabilized solely by Al-based MOFs (MI ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.093

14. Usage of atomic force microscopy for detection of the damaging effect of CdCl2 on red blood cells membrane

Author:
Demchenkov, E.L.; Nagdalian, A.A.; Budkevich, R.O.; Oboturova, N.P.; Okolelova, A.I.
Source:
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2021 v.208 pp. 111683
ISSN:
0147-6513
Subject:
atomic force microscopy; light microscopy,   etc   ; cadmium; cadmium chloride; ecotoxicology; toxicity;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The possibility of detecting the damaging effect of cadmium salts on red blood cells (RBC) membrane by atomic force microscopy and light microscopy was studied. White wistar rats RBC were incubated with cadmium chloride in concentrations of 1 μg/l, 10 μg/l, 100 μg/l, and 1000 μg/l for the research. A comparison of sample preparation methods proposed by other authors in previous studies is made. Th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111683

15. Toward Decoding the Relationship between Domain Structure and Functionality in Ferroelectrics via Hidden Latent Variables

Author:
Kalinin, Sergei V.; Kelley, Kyle; Vasudevan, Rama K.; Ziatdinov, Maxim
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2021 v.13 no.1 pp. 1693-1703
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
atomic force microscopy; transmission electron microscopy,   etc   ; automation; energy; spectroscopy;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Polarization switching mechanisms in ferroelectric materials are fundamentally linked to local domain structure and the presence of the structural defects, which both can act as nucleation and pinning centers and create local electrostatic and mechanical depolarization fields affecting wall dynamics. However, the general correlative mechanisms between domain structure and polarization dynamics are ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.0c15085

16. Fracture properties of epoxy polymers modified with cross-linked and core–shell rubber particles

Author:
Imanaka, Makoto; Narita, Ichihito; Nakamura, Yoshinobu; Hisaka, Shigeki; Fujiwara, Kazuko; Yoshida, Shun; Hara, Keisuke
Source:
Journal of materials science 2021 v.56 no.2 pp. 1842-1854
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
light microscopy; transmission electron microscopy,   etc   ; crosslinking; epoxides; rubber;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... To improve the toughness of epoxy polymers, cross-linked rubber (CLR) particles or core–shell rubber (CSR) particles can be blended into the epoxy matrix. Particle cavitation is thought to be the main toughening mechanism of rubber-modified epoxies. Although CLR-modified epoxies have not been studied in depth previously, it is expected that the toughening mechanism differs from that of CSR-modifie ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-020-05339-2

17. Micrometre-scale strain mapping of transistor arrays extracted from undersampled atomic-resolution images

Author:
Couillard, Martin
Source:
Micron 2021 v.148 pp. 103100
ISSN:
0968-4328
Subject:
transmission electron microscopy,   etc   ; geometry; transistors;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Strain maps extracted from atomic resolution images have the ultimate spatial resolution, but have a field of view limited by the sampling necessary to resolve atomic lattices. This has typically confined strain maps to dimensions less than ∼100 nanometers. To extend the field of view beyond this limit, we apply a modified geometric phase analysis to undersampled images of atomic lattices (i.e. wi ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.micron.2021.103100

18. Biallelic variant in DACH1, encoding Dachshund Homolog 1, defines a novel candidate locus for recessive postaxial polydactyly type A

Author:
Umair, Muhammad; Palander, Oliva; Bilal, Muhammad; Almuzzaini, Bader; Alam, Qamre; Ahmad, Farooq; Younus, Muhammad; Khan, Amjad; Waqas, Ahmed; Rafeeq, Misbahuddin M; Alfadhel, Majid
Source:
Genomics 2021 v.113 no.4 pp. 2495-2502
ISSN:
0888-7543
Subject:
microscopy,   etc   ; Dachshund; genes; genomics; loci;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Polydactyly or hexadactyly is characterized by an extra digit/toe with or without a bone. Currently, variants in ten genes have been implicated in the non-syndromic form of polydactyly.DNA from a single affected individual having bilateral postaxial polydactyly was subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES), followed by Sanger sequencing. Homology modeling was performed for the identified variant a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.05.015

19. Structural insight into transmissive mutant huntingtin species by correlative light and electron microscopy and cryo-electron tomography

Author:
Kuang, Xuyuan; Nunn, Kyle; Jiang, Jennifer; Castellano, Paul; Hardikar, Uttara; Horgan, Arianna; Kong, Joyce; Tan, Zhiqun; Dai, Wei
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2021 v.560 pp. 99-104
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
electron microscopy,   etc   ; mutants; research; tomography;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Aggregates of mutant huntingtin (mHTT) containing an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract are hallmarks of Huntington's Disease (HD). Studies have shown that mHTT can spread between cells, leading to the propagation of misfolded protein pathology. However, the structure of transmissive mHTT species, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their transmission remain unknown. Using correlative light ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.04.124

20. Structural Basis for the Modulation of Ryanodine Receptors

Author:
Gong, Deshun; Yan, Nieng; Ledford, Hannah A.
Source:
Trends in biochemical sciences 2021 v.46 no.6 pp. 489-501
ISSN:
0968-0004
Subject:
electron microscopy,   etc   ; caffeine; calcium; calmodulin;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Historically, ryanodine receptors (RyRs) have presented unique challenges for high-resolution structural determination despite long-standing interest in their role in excitation–contraction coupling. Owing to their large size (nearly 2.2 MDa), high-resolution structures remained elusive until the advent of cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) techniques. In recent years, structures for both RyR ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2020.11.009