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1. Structure and function of the bird fovea

Author:
Bringmann, Andreas
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2019 v.48 no.3 pp. 177-200
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Strigiformes; birds; cell structures; eyes; surveys;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The cellular structure and functional relevance of the bird fovea are still incompletely understood. This review gives an overview of the cellular composition of the bird fovea, with special regard to Müller glial cells that provide the mechanical stability of the foveal tissue. A survey of previous data shows that the visual acuity of different bird groups (with the exception of owls) depends on ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12432

2. Clearing the Fog surrounding Chemobrain

Author:
Gutmann, David H.
Source:
Cell 2019 v.176 no.1-2 pp. 2-4
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; cognitive disorders; complications (disease); neoplasms; patients;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... With the advent of more successful chemotherapies, the number of cancer survivors continues to increase. Unfortunately, many of these patients will exhibit long-term sequelae from their treatments, including serious cognitive deficits that impair daily function. In this issue of Cell, Gibson et al. (2019) demonstrate that chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment is orchestrated by microglia. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2018.12.027

3. Molecular components and polarity of radial glial cells during cerebral cortex development

Author:
Chou, Fu-Sheng; Li, Rong; Wang, Pei-Shan
Source:
Cellular and molecular life sciences 2018 v.75 no.6 pp. 1027-1041
ISSN:
1420-682X
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; cerebral cortex; epithelium;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Originating from ectodermal epithelium, radial glial cells (RGCs) retain apico-basolateral polarity and comprise a pseudostratified epithelial layer in the developing cerebral cortex. The apical endfeet of the RGCs faces the fluid-filled ventricles, while the basal processes extend across the entire cortical span towards the pial surface. RGC functions are largely dependent on this polarized struc ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00018-017-2680-0

4. Chromatin accessibility plays a key role in selective targeting of Hox proteins

Author:
Porcelli, Damiano; Fischer, Bettina; Russell, Steven; White, Robert
Source:
Genome biology 2019 v.20 no.1 pp. 115
ISSN:
1474-760X
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Drosophila; genomics; homeodomain proteins; models; nucleosomes; transcription factors; transfection;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Hox transcription factors specify segmental diversity along the anterior-posterior body axis in metazoans. While the different Hox family members show clear functional specificity in vivo, they all show similar binding specificity in vitro and a satisfactory understanding of in vivo Hox target selectivity is still lacking. RESULTS: Using transient transfection in Kc167 cells, we system ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13059-019-1721-4

5. Microglia promote the proliferation of neural precursor cells by secreting osteopontin

Author:
Yamamiya, Miwako; Tanabe, Shogo; Muramatsu, Rieko
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2019 v.513 no.4 pp. 841-845
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; antibodies; apoptosis; brain; coculture; integrins; osteopontin; phagocytosis;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microglia are central nervous system-resident immune cells that play a crucial role in brain development by interacting with neural precursor cells (NPCs). It has been reported that microglia regulate the number of NPC by phagocytosis, inducing apoptosis, and promoting proliferation. Microglia surrounding the subventricular zone express osteopontin (OPN) during brain development. The present study ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.076

6. A xanthurenate and an isoindolinone from the mycelia of Hericium erinaceum

Author:
Lin, Chwan-Fwu; Shiao, Young-Ji; Chen, Chin-Chu; Tzeng, Tsai-Teng; Chen, Chien-Chih; Lee, Li-Ya; Chen, Wan-Ping; Shen, Chien-Chang
Source:
Phytochemistry letters 2018 v.26 pp. 218-221
ISSN:
1874-3900
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Hericium; mycelium; nitric oxide; spectral analysis;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ethyl 8-hydroxy-4-methoxyquinoline-2-carboxylate (1) and a new compound, erinacerin U (2), were isolated from the mycelia of Hericium erinaceum. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Compound 1 was found to possess a significant inhibition on the production of NO in LPS-activated microglia. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytol.2018.05.017

7. DAMed in (Trem) 2 Steps

Author:
Da Mesquita, Sandro; Kipnis, Jonathan
Source:
Cell 2017 v.169 pp. 1172-1174
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Alzheimer disease; neurodegenerative diseases;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The role of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases has been controversial. In this issue, Keren-Shaul et al. identify a unique population of disease-associated microglia (DAM) that develop in two steps and may help to restrict damage in Alzheimer and related diseases. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.039

8. Role of spinal glial cells in excitability of wide dynamic range neurons and the development of neuropathic pain with the L5 spinal nerve transection in the rats: Behavioral and electrophysiological study

Author:
Rezaee, Laleh; Manaheji, Homa; Haghparast, Abbas
Source:
Physiology & behavior 2019 v.209 pp. 112597
ISSN:
0031-9384
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; adults; electrophysiology; laboratory animals; males; models; nerve tissue; neurons; pain; rats; spinal cord;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The activation of glial cells affects the neuronal excitability in the spinal cord. Therefore, in this study, we tried to find out the modulatory role of spinal glial cells in the excitability of wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons, induction of the long-term potentiation (LTP) and development of neuropathic pain by L5 spinal nerve transection model in the rats. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats wer ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112597

9. Targeted production of desired minor ginsenosides based on the hydrolytic selectivity of β-glucosidase and their enhanced anti-neuroinflammatory activity

Author:
Kim, Young Soo; Oh, You-Chang
Source:
Process biochemistry 2019 v.85 pp. 106-115
ISSN:
1359-5113
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Lactobacillus; Panax; beta-glucosidase; ginsenosides; hydrolysis; intestines; medicinal properties; microorganisms; sugars;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Despite the inhibitory effect of various ginsenosides on neuroinflammation, pharmacological activity of ginsenosides varies depending on their hydrolysis by individual intestinal microbial flora and may not appear in individuals with intestinal microbial deficiency. Herein, we investigated the hydrolytic selectivity of β-glucosidase from Lactobacillus antri toward sugar residues in ginsenoside to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.procbio.2019.06.028

10. Borneol alleviates brain injury in sepsis mice by blocking neuronal effect of endotoxin

Author:
Wang, Lei; Liang, Qiao; Lin, Anqi; Wu, Yongzheng; Min, Haiyan; Song, Shiyu; Wang, Yong; Wang, Hongwei; Yi, Long; Gao, Qian
Source:
Life sciences 2019 v.232 pp. 116647
ISSN:
0024-3205
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; borneol; brain; brain damage; encephalopathy; endotoxins; inflammation; mice; mortality; neurons; patients; protective effect; sepsis (infection);     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Brain injury after sepsis leads to high mortality and long-term brain dysfunction in patients. Previous studies revealed that borneol has a protective effect on the brain, but its function on sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE) remains unknown. Herein, we investigated the protective effect of borneol against sepsis-related brain injury.Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis mice and cells were ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116647

11. YAP1 is involved in replenishment of granule cell precursors following injury to the neonatal cerebellum

Author:
Yang, Zhaohui; Joyner, Alexandra L.
Source:
Developmental biology 2019
ISSN:
0012-1606
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; animal models; cell death; cerebellum; infants; irradiation; mice; mutants; signal transduction; transcription (genetics);     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The cerebellum undergoes major rapid growth during the third trimester and early neonatal stage in humans, making it vulnerable to injuries in pre-term babies. Experiments in mice have revealed a remarkable ability of the neonatal cerebellum to recover from injuries around birth. In particular, recovery following irradiation-induced ablation of granule cell precursors (GCPs) involves adaptive repr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.07.018

12. Role of Reelin in cell positioning in the cerebellum and the cerebellum-like structure in zebrafish

Author:
Nimura, Takayuki; Itoh, Tsubasa; Hagio, Hanako; Hayashi, Takuto; Di Donato, Vincenzo; Takeuchi, Miki; Itoh, Takeaki; Inoguchi, Fuduki; Sato, Yoshikatsu; Yamamoto, Naoyuki; Katsuyama, Yu; Del Bene, Filippo; Shimizu, Takashi; Hibi, Masahiko
Source:
Developmental biology 2019
ISSN:
0012-1606
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Danio rerio; axonal transport; axons; cerebellum; kinesin; mammals; mutants; mutation;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The cerebellum and the cerebellum-like structure in the mesencephalic tectum in zebrafish contain multiple cell types, including principal cells (i.e., Purkinje cells and type I neurons) and granule cells, that form neural circuits in which the principal cells receive and integrate inputs from granule cells and other neurons. It is largely unknown how these cells are positioned and how neural circ ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.07.010

13. Intraspinal administration of interleukin-7 promotes neuronal apoptosis and limits functional recovery through JAK/STAT5 pathway following spinal cord injury

Author:
Yuan, Xiaochen; Wu, Qingbin; Wang, Peng; Jing, Yingli; Yao, Haijiang; Tang, Yinshan; Han, Ruiqin; He, Weili; Li, Zhigang; Zhang, Honggang; Xiu, Ruijuan
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2019 v.514 no.3 pp. 1023-1029
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; animal injuries; apoptosis; inflammation; interleukin-7; macrophages; neurons; spinal cord; therapeutics;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... It has been previously reported that the blockade of interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) promotes functional recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI), however, the direct function and molecular mechanism of IL-7 involved in this pathogenic process are unclear. Here, we report that, contrary to IL-7R blockade, the intraspinal administration of IL-7 limits functional recovery following SCI. In additio ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.159

14. Co-polysomy of 1p/19q in glial tumors: Retrospective analysis of 221 cases from single center

Author:
Kuskucu, Aysegul; Tuysuz, Emre Can; Gurkan, Sezin; Demir, Zeynel; Yaltirik, Cumhur Kaan; Ozkan, Ferda; Ekici, Isin Dogan; Bayrak, Omer Faruk; Ture, Ugur
Source:
Gene 2019 v.701 pp. 161-168
ISSN:
0378-1119
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; bioinformatics; brain neoplasms; fluorescence in situ hybridization; frontal lobe; genome; glioma; patients; prognosis; retrospective studies;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Glial tumors are malignant brain tumors that arise from glial cells of brain or spine and have genetic aberrations in their genome. 1p/19q co-deletion is associated with increased Overall Survival (OS) time with enhanced response to chemo- and radio-therapy in oligodendrogliomas. However, prognostic significance of 1p/19q co-polysomy is still unclear. We evaluated 1p/19q status of 221 patients wit ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.073

15. Circular RNA circPTK2 regulates oxygen-glucose deprivation-activated microglia-induced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis via miR-29b-SOCS-1-JAK2/STAT3-IL-1β signaling

Author:
Wang, Huilin; Li, Zheng; Gao, Jingyan; Liao, Qingwu
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2019 v.129 pp. 488-496
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; apoptosis; interleukin-1beta; microRNA; models; neurons; tumor necrosis factor-alpha;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-activated microglia contribute to neuronal apoptosis via releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and some miRNAs have been reported to be involved in this process. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to function as miRNA sponges, but it remains unknown whether and how circRNAs contribute to OGD-activated microglia-induced neuronal apoptosis. Here, we investig ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.041

16. Sulforaphane triggers a functional elongation of microglial process via the Akt signal

Author:
Wu, Yue; Gao, Minhui; Wu, Jingjing; Hu, Peili; Xu, Xing; Zhang, Yaru; Wang, Dan; Chen, Zhuo; Huang, Chao
Source:
The Journal of nutritional biochemistry 2019 v.67 pp. 51-62
ISSN:
0955-2863
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; broccoli; drugs; inflammation; lipopolysaccharides; mice; models; phosphorylation; prefrontal cortex; sucrose; sulforaphane; tail suspension test;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microglia are a kind of innate immune cells in the nervous system. The amoeboid morphology in microglia indicates a pro-inflammatory status, while their ramified morphologies are associated with anti-neuroinflammation. Recently, we and others have reported that drugs that trigger microglial process elongation may be beneficial for neuroinflammation inhibition. In this study, we found that sulforap ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.01.019

17. Implications of Microglia in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia

Author:
Haukedal, Henriette; Freude, Kristine
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2019 v.431 no.9 pp. 1818-1829
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; autophagy; central nervous system; dementia; genes; inflammation; mutation; neurons; pathogenesis; protein degradation;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are neurodegenerative disorders with clear similarities regarding their clinical, genetic and pathological features. Both are progressive, lethal disorders, with no current curative treatment available. Several genes that correlated with ALS and FTD are implicated in the same molecular pathways. Strikingly, many of these genes a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2019.02.004

18. Role of Microglia in Ataxias

Author:
Ferro, Austin; Sheeler, Carrie; Rosa, Juao-Guilherme; Cvetanovic, Marija
Source:
Journal of molecular biology 2019 v.431 no.9 pp. 1792-1804
ISSN:
0022-2836
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; adulthood; ataxia (disorder); cerebellum; gene expression; inheritance (genetics); macrophages; mutants; neurodegenerative diseases; pathogenesis; phenotype; proteins;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, critically influence neural function during development and in adulthood. Microglia are also profoundly sensitive to insults to the brain to which they respond with process of activation that includes spectrum of changes in morphology, function, and gene expression. Ataxias are a class of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jmb.2019.01.016

19. A new chlorinated diphenyl ether and a new sesquilignan from the stems of Mappianthus tomentosus

Author:
Zhu, Shan-Shan; Zhang, Gui-Jie; Liao, Hai-Bing; Wang, Heng-Shan; Liang, Dong
Source:
Phytochemistry letters 2019 v.30 pp. 49-52
ISSN:
1874-3900
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; diphenyl ethers; inhibitory concentration 50; lipopolysaccharides; nitric oxide; spectral analysis; stems;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... A new chlorinated diphenyl ether, ethyl dichloroasterrate (1), and a new sesquilignan, mappilignan A (2), along with two known diphenyl ethers (3 and 4) and one known sesquilignan (5), were isolated from the stems of Mappianthus tomentosus. The structures of 1−5 were assigned by spectroscopic data analysis and by comparison with literature data. The absolute configuration of 2 was established usin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.phytol.2019.01.018

20. Role of epoxy-fatty acids and epoxide hydrolases in the pathology of neuro-inflammation

Author:
Kodani, Sean D.; Morisseau, Christophe
Source:
Biochimie 2019 v.159 pp. 59-65
ISSN:
0300-9084
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Alzheimer disease; Parkinson disease; central nervous system; epoxide hydrolase; phenotype; prostaglandins; protective effect; signal transduction;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Neuroinflammation is a physiologic response aimed at protecting the central nervous system during injury. However, unresolved and chronic neuroinflammation can lead to long term damage and eventually neurologic disease including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Recently, enhancing the concentration of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) through blocking their hydrolytic degradat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biochi.2019.01.020