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1. Towards bio-compatible magnetic nanoparticles: Immune-related effects, in-vitro internalization, and in-vivo bio-distribution of zwitterionic ferrite nanoparticles with unexpected renal clearance

Author:
Ferretti, Anna M.; Usseglio, Sandro; Mondini, Sara; Drago, Carmelo; La Mattina, Rosa; Chini, Bice; Verderio, Claudia; Leonzino, Marianna; Cagnoli, Cinzia; Joshi, Pooja; Boraschi, Diana; Italiani, Paola; Li, Yang; Swartzwelter, Benjamin J.; Sironi, Luigi; Gelosa, Paolo; Castiglioni, Laura; Guerrini, Uliano; Ponti, Alessandro
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.582 pp. 678-700
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; adsorption; animal models; anions; blood proteins; coatings; drugs; ferrimagnetic materials; filterability; humans; inflammation; iron oxides; ligands; liver; magnetic properties; magnetism; mice; nanoparticles; phagocytes; physicochemical properties; renal clearance; spleen; therapeutics; toxicity; zwitterions;     Show all 25 Subjects
Abstract:
... Iron oxide and other ferrite nanoparticles have not yet found widespread application in the medical field since the translation process faces several big hurdles. The incomplete knowledge of the interactions between nanoparticles and living organisms is an unfavorable factor. This complex subject should be made simpler by synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles with good physical (relaxivity) and chem ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.026

2. α-Cyperone inhibitory effects on tumor-derived DNA trigger microglia by STING pathway

Author:
Gao, Peng; Ding, Ning; Lv, Jiaxin; Ramzan, Muhammad Noman; Wen, Qingping
Source:
Journal of ethnopharmacology 2021 v.264 pp. 113246
ISSN:
0378-8741
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Cyperus rotundus; DNA; Oriental traditional medicine; active ingredients; analgesic effect; cell lines; gene expression regulation; genes; interferon regulatory factor-3; interferons; signal transduction; small interfering RNA; transcription factor NF-kappa B; China;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) is a widespread herbal in China and widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for multiple effects such as anti-arthritic, anti-genotoxic, anti-mutagenic, anti-bacterial effects, and analgesic. α-Cyperone is an active compound in Cyperus rotundus and has analgesic effects, but the exact molecular mechanisms require further investigations.Tumor-derived DNA isolate ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jep.2020.113246

3. Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Docosahexaenoic Acid-Mediated Neuroprotective Effects in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Microglial Cells

Author:
Yang, Bo; Li, Runting; Liu, Pei N.; Geng, Xue; Mooney, Brian P.; Chen, Chen; Cheng, Jianlin; Fritsche, Kevin L.; Beversdorf, David Q.; Lee, James C.; Sun, Grace Y.; Greenlief, C. Michael
Source:
Journal of proteome research 2020 v.19 no.6 pp. 2236-2246
ISSN:
1535-3907
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; docosahexaenoic acid; neuroprotective effect; proteomics;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The high levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cell membranes within the brain have led to a number of studies exploring its function. These studies have shown that DHA can reduce inflammatory responses in microglial cells. However, the method of action is poorly understood. Here, we report the effects of DHA on microglial cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). Data were acquired usin ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00792

4. Creating Space for Synaptic Formation—A New Role for Microglia in Synaptic Plasticity

Author:
Zaki, Yosif; Cai, Denise J.
Source:
Cell 2020 v.182 no.2 pp. 265-267
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; brain; extracellular matrix proteins; memory; neurons; neuroplasticity;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Memory formation is thought to occur in the brain through dynamic remodeling of the synaptic architecture between neurons. The cellular mechanisms underlying these dynamics remain unclear. In this issue, Nguyen et al. demonstrate a novel role for microglia in regulating synaptic formation by clearing extracellular matrix proteins that embed neurons. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.042

5. Deep proteome profiling reveals novel pathways associated with pro-inflammatory and alcohol-induced microglial activation phenotypes

Author:
Guergues, Jennifer; Wohlfahrt, Jessica; Zhang, Ping; Liu, Bin; Stevens Jr., Stanley M.
Source:
Journal of proteomics 2020 v.220 pp. 103753
ISSN:
1874-3919
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; alcohols; biochemical pathways; brain; phenotype; proteome; proteomics;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, can exhibit a broad range of activation phenotypes, many of which have been implicated in several diseases and disorders of the central nervous system including those related to alcohol abuse. Given the complexity of global-scale molecular changes that define microglial activation, accurate phenotypic classification in the context of alcohol expos ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103753

6. Isolation and RNA purification of macrophages/microglia from the adult mouse spinal cord

Author:
Tsatas, Ourania; Ghasemlou, Nader
Source:
Journal of immunological methods 2020 v.477 pp. 112678
ISSN:
0022-1759
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; RNA; adults; antibodies; hybridomas; macrophages; mice; spinal cord; viability;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The isolation of a highly pure and healthy population of macrophages from the CNS in a short time is essential for studying the role of these cells in injury and disease. Current methods rely either on the use of gradients and/or sorting, processes that result either in impure, reduced viability and/or altered populations of cells. Furthermore, RNA extraction after immunopanning is often difficult ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jim.2019.112678

7. Yap/Taz are required for establishing the cerebellar radial glia scaffold and proper foliation

Author:
Hughes, Lucinda J.; Park, Raehee; Lee, Min Jung; Terry, Bethany K.; Lee, David J.; Kim, Hansol; Cho, Seo-Hee; Kim, Seonhee
Source:
Developmental biology 2020 v.457 no.1 pp. 150-162
ISSN:
0012-1606
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; apoptosis; cell polarity; cerebellum; embryogenesis; morphogenesis; phenotype; proteins;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Yap/Taz are well-established downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, known to regulate organ size by directing proliferation and apoptosis. Although the functions of Yap/Taz have been extensively studied, little is known about their role in brain development. Here, through genetic ablation, we show that Yap/Taz are required for cerebellar morphogenesis. Yap/Taz deletion in neural progenitors ca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.10.002
PubMed:
31586559
PubMed Central:
PMC6910221

8. Are glial cells of the Digenea (Platyhelminthes) muscle cells?

Author:
Poddubnaya, Larisa G.; Gibson, David I.
Source:
Parasitology research 2020 v.119 no.1 pp. 317-319
ISSN:
0932-0113
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Platyhelminthes; blood flukes; fish; ganglia; muscle fibers; myocytes; phylogeny;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Muscle cells of a digenean fish blood fluke, Aporocotyle simplex, aggregate along the periphery of the cerebral ganglia. Solitary myocytons and sarcoplasmic processes with muscle fibres give rise to long, narrow lamellate projections, which are visible along the periphery and within ganglia. These ultrastructural observations suggest a switching of glial functions to muscle cells and represent add ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00436-019-06490-9

9. Microglia HMC3 cells are highly susceptible to Rhinovirus infection

Author:
Angel-Ambrocio, Antonio Humberto; Bautista-Carbajal, Patricia; García-León, Miguel Leonardo; Gomora-Herrera, María José; Pedernera-Astegiano, Enrique Antonio; Wong-Chew, Rosa María
Source:
Virus research 2020 v.288 pp. 198110
ISSN:
0168-1702
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Enterovirus; animal viruses; cell lines; central nervous system; humans; patients; respiratory system;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Human rhinovirus (HRV) affects the lower and upper respiratory tract, however, some studies suggest that HRV infection can lead to extrapulmonary complications in critical illness. Moreover, some reports have shown the presence of HRV in patients with Central Nervous System (CNS) disease. During a CNS infection, the microglia cells are the first line of defense against pathogens. In this study, th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198110

10. Microglia Require CD4 T Cells to Complete the Fetal-to-Adult Transition

Author:
Pasciuto, Emanuela; Burton, Oliver T.; Roca, Carlos P.; Lagou, Vasiliki; Rajan, Wenson D.; Theys, Tom; Mancuso, Renzo; Tito, Raul Y.; Kouser, Lubna; Callaerts-Vegh, Zsuzsanna; de la Fuente, Alerie G.; Prezzemolo, Teresa; Mascali, Loriana G.; Brajic, Aleksandra; Whyte, Carly E.; Yshii, Lidia; Martinez-Muriana, Anna; Naughton, Michelle; Young, Andrew; Moudra, Alena; Lemaitre, Pierre; Poovathingal, Suresh; Raes, Jeroen; De Strooper, Bart; Fitzgerald, Denise C.; Dooley, James; Liston, Adrian
Source:
Cell 2020 v.182 no.3 pp. 625-640.e24
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes; adults; brain; humans; image analysis; mice; microbiome; neurons; surgery; synapse;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The brain is a site of relative immune privilege. Although CD4 T cells have been reported in the central nervous system, their presence in the healthy brain remains controversial, and their function remains largely unknown. We used a combination of imaging, single cell, and surgical approaches to identify a CD69⁺ CD4 T cell population in both the mouse and human brain, distinct from circulating CD ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.026

11. Single-Cell Mapping of Human Brain Cancer Reveals Tumor-Specific Instruction of Tissue-Invading Leukocytes

Author:
Friebel, Ekaterina; Kapolou, Konstantina; Unger, Susanne; Núñez, Nicolás Gonzalo; Utz, Sebastian; Rushing, Elisabeth Jane; Regli, Luca; Weller, Michael; Greter, Melanie; Tugues, Sonia; Neidert, Marian Christoph; Becher, Burkhard
Source:
Cell 2020 v.181 no.7 pp. 1626-1642.e20
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; brain; brain neoplasms; glioma; human diseases; immunosuppression; immunotherapy; leukocytes; lymphocyte proliferation; macrophages; metastasis;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Brain malignancies can either originate from within the CNS (gliomas) or invade from other locations in the body (metastases). A highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) influences brain tumor outgrowth. Whether the TME is predominantly shaped by the CNS micromilieu or by the malignancy itself is unknown, as is the diversity, origin, and function of CNS tumor-associated macrophages (T ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.055

12. Antifungal, anti-inflamatory and neuritogenic activity of newly-isolated compounds from Disporopsis aspersa

Author:
Gang, Fang-Li; Zhu, Feng; Yang, Chao-Fu; Li, Xiao-Ting; Yang, Hua; Sun, Ming-Xia; Wu, Wen-Jun; Zhang, Ji-Wen
Source:
Natural product research 2020 v.34 no.11 pp. 1521-1527
ISSN:
1478-6427
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Phytophthora infestans; Pseudoperonospora cubensis; antifungal properties; lipopolysaccharides; median effective concentration; neurites; nitric oxide; terpenoids;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... A new ester (1) and a terpenoid (2) were isolated from the dried whole plant of Disporopsis aspersa (HUA) ENGL. ex DIELS for the first time and their structures were elucidated, as well as their biological activities are described. The two compounds all showed good antifungal activities, especially furanone (2) exhibited better antifungal activity against Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Phytophthor ...
DOI:
10.1080/14786419.2018.1519709

13. Potential sphingosine-1-phosphate-related therapeutic targets in the treatment of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury

Author:
Han, Mengtao; Sun, Tao; Chen, Haijun; Han, Mingzhi; Wang, Donghai
Source:
Life sciences 2020 v.249 pp. 117542
ISSN:
0024-3205
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; agonists; brain; cell death; ischemia; neurons; neuroprotective effect; reperfusion injury; sphingolipids; therapeutics; vasoconstriction;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that regulates lymphocyte trafficking, glial cell activation, vasoconstriction, endothelial barrier function, and neuronal death pathways in the brain. Research has increasingly implicated S1P in the pathology of cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. As a high-affinity agonist of S1P receptor, fingolimod exhibits excellent neuroprotect ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117542

14. ΔSCOPE: A new method to quantify 3D biological structures and identify differences in zebrafish forebrain development

Author:
Schwartz, Morgan S.; Schnabl, Jake; Litz, Mackenzie P.H.; Baumer, Benjamin S.; Barresi, Michael
Source:
Developmental biology 2020 v.460 no.2 pp. 115-138
ISSN:
0012-1606
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Danio rerio; axons; brain; crossing; data collection; fluorescence; microscopy; phenotype; qualitative analysis; statistical analysis;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Research in the life sciences has traditionally relied on the analysis of clear morphological phenotypes, which are often revealed using increasingly powerful microscopy techniques analyzed as maximum intensity projections (MIPs). However, as biology turns towards the analysis of more subtle phenotypes, MIPs and qualitative approaches are failing to adequately describe these phenotypes. To address ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.11.014

15. 6-Deoxy- and 11-Hydroxytolypodiols: Meroterpenoids from the Cyanobacterium HT-58-2

Author:
Gurr, Joshua R.; O’Donnell, Timothy J.; Luo, Yuheng; Yoshida, Wesley Y.; Hall, Mary L.; Mayer, Alejandro M. S.; Sun, Rui; Williams, Philip G.
Source:
Journal of natural products 2020 v.83 no.5 pp. 1691-1695
ISSN:
1520-6025
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Escherichia coli; anti-inflammatory activity; ears; edema; meroterpenoids; mice; rats; spectroscopy; superoxide anion;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chemical investigation of cyanobacterial strain HT-58-2, which most closely aligns with the genus Brasilomena, has led to the isolation of two compounds related to tolypodiol. The structures and absolute configuration of 6-deoxytolypodiol (1) and 11-hydroxytolypodiol (2) were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis. While tolypodiol previously showed anti-inflammatory activity in a ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00844

16. Passivated‐electrode insulator‐based dielectrophoretic separation of heterogeneous cell mixtures

Author:
Kikkeri, Kruthika; Kerr, Bethany A.; Bertke, Andrea S.; Strobl, Jeannine S.; Agah, Masoud
Source:
Journal of separation science 2020 v.43 no.8 pp. 1576-1585
ISSN:
1615-9306
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; blood; breast neoplasms; dielectrophoresis; electric field; electrical properties; neoplasm cells; neurons; polystyrenes;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rapid and accurate purification of various heterogeneous mixtures is a critical step for a multitude of molecular, chemical, and biological applications. Dielectrophoresis has shown to be a promising technique for particle separation due to its exploitation of the intrinsic electrical properties, simple fabrication, and low cost. Here, we present a geometrically novel dielectrophoretic channel des ...
DOI:
10.1002/jssc.201900553

17. Repopulating Microglia Promote Brain Repair in an IL-6-Dependent Manner

Author:
Willis, Emily F.; MacDonald, Kelli P.A.; Nguyen, Quan H.; Garrido, Adahir Labrador; Gillespie, Ellen R.; Harley, Samuel B.R.; Bartlett, Perry F.; Schroder, Wayne A.; Yates, Abi G.; Anthony, Daniel C.; Rose-John, Stefan; Ruitenberg, Marc J.; Vukovic, Jana
Source:
Cell 2020 v.180 no.5 pp. 833-846.e16
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; adults; brain; brain damage; cognition; cognitive disorders; interleukin-6; mice; neonates; neurogenesis; neurons; phenotype;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cognitive dysfunction and reactive microglia are hallmarks of traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet whether these cells contribute to cognitive deficits and secondary inflammatory pathology remains poorly understood. Here, we show that removal of microglia from the mouse brain has little effect on the outcome of TBI, but inducing the turnover of these cells through either pharmacologic or genetic appr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.013

18. Rapid Size-Based Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles by Three-Dimensional Carbon Nanotube Arrays

Author:
Yeh, Yin-Ting; Zhou, Yijing; Zou, Donghua; Liu, He; Yu, Haiyang; Lu, Huaguang; Swaminathan, Venkataraman; Mao, Yingwei; Terrones, Mauricio
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020 v.12 no.11 pp. 13134-13139
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; carbon nanotubes; diagnostic techniques; endoplasmic reticulum; nervous system diseases; neurons; syringes; therapeutics;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recent discoveries reveal that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in transmitting signals. Although this emerging transcellular pathway enables a better understanding of neural communication, the lack of techniques for effectively isolating EVs impedes their studies. Herein, we report an emergent high-throughput platform consisting of three-dimensional carbon nanotube arrays that ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.9b20990

19. New triacetic acid lactone glycosides from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa and their nitric oxide production inhibitory activity

Author:
Shao, Siyuan; Yang, Yanan; Feng, Ziming; Jiang, Jianshuang; Zhang, Peicheng
Source:
Carbohydrate research 2020 v.488 pp. 107908
ISSN:
0008-6215
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Forsythia suspensa; fruits; glycosides; lactones; lipopolysaccharides; monosaccharides; nitric oxide; spectroscopy;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Three new triacetic acid lactone (TAL) glycosides, forsyphensides A–C (1–3) were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspensa. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic techniques. The absolute configurations of their monosaccharides were determined by GC analysis. Notably, forsyphensides A–C were relatively rare TAL glycosides identified from plants. Compound 1 exhibited i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carres.2020.107908

20. Structure and function of the bird fovea

Author:
Bringmann, Andreas
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2019 v.48 no.3 pp. 177-200
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
neuroglia,   etc   ; Strigiformes; birds; cell structures; eyes; surveys;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The cellular structure and functional relevance of the bird fovea are still incompletely understood. This review gives an overview of the cellular composition of the bird fovea, with special regard to Müller glial cells that provide the mechanical stability of the foveal tissue. A survey of previous data shows that the visual acuity of different bird groups (with the exception of owls) depends on ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12432