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1. Optimized coagulation pathway of Al13: Effect of in-situ Aggregation of Al13

Author:
Wang, Pin; Jiao, Ruyuan; Liu, Libing; Xiao, Feng; An, Guangyu; Wang, Dongsheng
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.230 pp. 76-83
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; aluminum; coagulation; pH; silica;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The coagulation mechanism for removing particles by Al13 has been extensively investigated for water treatments. It was widely accepted that Al13 played important roles in coagulation mainly by charge neutralization and electrostatic patch. However, the discovery of Al13 aggregates (Al13agg) in flocs indicated that the real coagulation process should be different from the previous understanding, i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.053

2. Improved lightning model: Application to discuss the characteristics of upward lightning

Author:
Tan, Yongbo; Zheng, Tianxue; Shi, Zheng
Source:
Atmospheric research 2019 v.217 pp. 63-72
ISSN:
0169-8095
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; electric field; lightning; models;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... A stochastic discharge parameterization scheme of upward lightning is presented and embedded into an existing fine resolution two-dimensional thundercloud electrification and lightning model. At present, our lightning model can simulate not only intra-cloud (IC) lightning and cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning but also upward lightning. By this improved model, 139 upward flashes originating from the t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.10.011

3. Substrate-Driven Transient Self-Assembly and Spontaneous Disassembly Directed by Chemical Reaction with Product Release

Author:
Wang, Huaxin; Wang, Yanyan; Shen, Bowen; Liu, Xin; Lee, Myongsoo
Source:
Journal of the American Chemical Society 2019 v.141 no.10 pp. 4182-4185
ISSN:
1520-5126
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; Lewis bases; hydrophobicity; nanomaterials; surfactants;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The chemical reactivity of molecules can be significantly enhanced when they are trapped in a confined space. Although such a confinement effect can be found in many self-assembled nanostructures, dissipation after completing the reaction to release the product remains elusive. Here we report substrate-directed transient self-assembly for accelerating a chemical reaction and spontaneous disassembl ...
DOI:
10.1021/jacs.8b12777

4. Income taxation of couples, spouses’ labor supplies and the gender wage gap

Author:
Cremer, Helmuth; Roeder, Kerstin
Source:
Economics letters 2019 v.175 pp. 71-75
ISSN:
0165-1765
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; females; income tax; labor; males; spouses;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... We study the taxation of couples when female wages do not reflect their true productivity. We show that the expression for the marginal tax rates of the male spouses is the same as in a Mirrleesian world where wages reflect true productivities. Marginal taxes for the female spouses are reduced because of a Pigouvian correction. Consequently, the wage discrimination pleads for a lower marginal tax ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.econlet.2018.12.015

5. Dewatering characteristics of sludge conditioned by surfactant with bioleaching pretreatment

Author:
Liu, Changgeng; Zhang, Xuefeng; Wu, Bin; Chen, Xiao’e; Xie, Sicai
Source:
Water and environment journal 2019 v.33 no.2 pp. 223-229
ISSN:
1747-6585
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; bioleaching; dewatering; filtration; pH; polymers; sludge; surfactants; water content;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In view of the merits of bioleaching and surfactant for sludge treatment, the possibility of surfactant with bioleaching pretreatment applied to improve sludge dewaterability was investigated in this work. The results showed that cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) with bioleaching pretreatment was highly efficient in dewatering sludge. The optimal CTAC dosage and bioleaching pH for this comb ...
DOI:
10.1111/wej.12393

6. Quiescence Modulates Stem Cell Maintenance and Regenerative Capacity in the Aging Brain

Author:
Kalamakis, Georgios; Brüne, Daniel; Ravichandran, Srikanth; Bolz, Jan; Fan, Wenqiang; Ziebell, Frederik; Stiehl, Thomas; Catalá-Martinez, Francisco; Kupke, Janina; Zhao, Sheng; Llorens-Bobadilla, Enric; Bauer, Katharina; Limpert, Stefanie; Berger, Birgit; Christen, Urs; Schmezer, Peter; Mallm, Jan Philipp; Berninger, Benedikt; Anders, Simon; del Sol, Antonio; Marciniak-Czochra, Anna; Martin-Villalba, Ana
Source:
Cell 2019 v.176 no.6 pp. 1407-1419.e14
ISSN:
0092-8674
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; antagonists; brain; homeostasis; mice; neural stem cells; transcriptomics;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The function of somatic stem cells declines with age. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of this decline is key to counteract age-related disease. Here, we report a dramatic drop in the neural stem cells (NSCs) number in the aging murine brain. We find that this smaller stem cell reservoir is protected from full depletion by an increase in quiescence that makes old NSCs more resistant to re ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.040

7. Current pharmacotherapies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Author:
Park, Jong-Gil; Oh, Goo Taeg
Source:
Archives of pharmacal research 2019 v.42 no.3 pp. 206-223
ISSN:
0253-6269
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; atherosclerosis; inflammation; interleukin-1beta; methotrexate; morbidity; mortality; subtilisin; therapeutics;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Despite the introduction of statins for lowering LDL-C level, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains a leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Combination therapies with statin and other lipid-lowering drugs, including ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, have unlocked additive benefits for treatment of ASCVD, but morbidity and mor ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12272-019-01116-1

8. Proton-consumed nanoarchitectures toward sustainable and efficient photophosphorylation

Author:
Li, Guangle; Fei, Jinbo; Xu, Youqian; Hong, Jong-Dal; Li, Junbai
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2019 v.535 pp. 325-330
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; adenosine triphosphate; cell membranes; enzymes; ions; photophosphorylation; protons;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... At present, photophosphorylation in natural or artificial systems is accomplished by the production of protons or their pumping across the biomembranes. Herein, different from this strategy above, we demonstrate a designed system which can effectively enhance photophosphorylation by photo-induced proton-scavenging through molecular assembly. Upon the introduction of photobase generators, a (photo- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.082

9. Observations on research with spores of Bacillales and Clostridiales species

Author:
Setlow, Peter
Source:
Journal of applied microbiology 2019 v.126 no.2 pp. 348-358
ISSN:
1364-5072
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; Bacillales; Clostridiales; bacteria; bacterial spores; disinfection; germination;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The purpose of this article is to highlight some areas of research with spores of bacteria of Firmicute species in which the methodology too commonly used is not optimal and generates misleading results. As a consequence, conclusions drawn from data obtained are often flawed or not appropriate. Topics covered in the article include the following: (i) the importance of using well‐purified bacterial ...
DOI:
10.1111/jam.14067

10. Study of the Polarization Effect in InAs Quantum Dots/GaAs Nanowires

Author:
Cheng, Feng; Li, Bang; Li, Luying; Wang, Xi; Shen, Shaoli; Liu, Weijie; Zheng, He; Jia, Shuangfeng; Yan, Xin; Zhang, Xia; Wang, Jianbo; Gao, Yihua
Source:
Journal of physical chemistry 2019 v.123 no.7 pp. 4228-4234
ISSN:
1932-7455
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; electrons; holography; nanowires; photoluminescence; physical chemistry; quantum dots;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The combinations of zero-dimensional quantum dots (QDs) and one-dimensional nanowires (NWs) are of great interest because of their unique performances. However, no research interpreted the performances down to the microstructure-related mechanism. Here, we report a polarization effect in InAs QDs decorating GaAs NWs according to a quantitative electrostatic analysis at nanometer scale via off-axis ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b11425

11. Dissecting the thermodynamic contributions of the charged residues in the membrane anchoring of Bcl-xl C-terminal domain

Author:
Maity, Atanu; Sinha, Souvik; Ghosh Dastidar, Shubhra
Source:
Chemistry and physics of lipids 2019 v.218 pp. 112-124
ISSN:
0009-3084
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; amino acid sequences; mutants; mutation; natural selection; thermodynamics;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The C-terminal helix of the Bcl-xl is known to initiate the membrane insertion of the protein by anchoring into the mitochondrial outer membrane. The C-terminal charged residues of that helix, R232 and K233, are reported to have an important structural role in the process of that insertion. The present work provides a quantitative understanding of the thermodynamic contribution of these residues o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2018.12.004

12. Development of an efficient neutralization assay for Coxsackievirus A10

Author:
Liu, Dongxiao; Xu, Longfa; Zhu, Rui; Yin, Zhichao; Lin, Yu; Hou, Wangheng; Li, Shuxuan; He, Shuizhen; Cheng, Tong; Xia, Ningshao
Source:
Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2019 v.103 no.4 pp. 1931-1938
ISSN:
0175-7598
Subject:
neutralization; neutralization tests,   etc   ; children; cytopathogenicity; geometry; hand, foot and mouth disease; herd immunity; monoclonal antibodies; neutralizing antibodies; pathogens; peroxidase; screening; seroprevalence; vaccine development; vaccines;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Coxsackievirus A10 (CVA10) recently has become one of the major pathogens of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children worldwide, but no cure or vaccine against CVA10 is available yet. Serological evaluation of herd immunity to CVA10 will promote the development of vaccine. The traditional neutralization assay based on inhibition of cytopathic effect (Nt-CPE) is a common method for measurin ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00253-018-09598-7

13. Development and application of a higher throughput RSV plaque assay by immunofluorescent imaging

Author:
Wen, Zhiyun; Citron, Mike; Bett, Andrew J.; Espeseth, Amy S.; Vora, Kalpit A.; Zhang, Lan; DiStefano, Daniel J.
Source:
Journal of virological methods 2019 v.263 pp. 88-95
ISSN:
0166-0934
Subject:
neutralization; neutralization tests,   etc   ; algorithms; antibodies; antiviral agents; automation; biomedical research; centrifugation; drug evaluation; fluorescence; fluorescent antibody technique; harvesting; image analysis; inoculum; staining; vaccines; viral load; viral shedding; viruses;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Viral plaque assays are important tools in the development and evaluation of new antiviral drugs or vaccines in both preclinical and clinical research. While plaque assays are the standard tools to measure infectious virus, the methodology is time-consuming and requires experience in recognizing plaques. The assays are also prone to variation among analysts due to plaque recognition and manual cou ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.10.022

14. Selection and characterization of protective anti-chikungunya virus single domain antibodies

Author:
Liu, Jinny L.; Shriver-Lake, Lisa C.; Zabetakis, Dan; Anderson, George P.; Goldman, Ellen R.
Source:
Molecular immunology 2019 v.105 pp. 190-197
ISSN:
0161-5890
Subject:
neutralization; neutralization tests,   etc   ; Chikungunya virus; Primates; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; joints (animal); leukocytes; llamas; mice; monoclonal antibodies; recombinant antibodies; therapeutics; thermal stability; virus-like particles; viruses;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes an arthralgia febrile illness that has affected millions of people on three continents. Previously, neutralizing monoclonal antibodies that have prophylactic and therapeutic activity were found to remove virus in joint tissues, thereby reducing the severity of symptoms in mice and non-human primates. In this study, we sought to d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.molimm.2018.11.016

15. Complexation of pectins varying in overall charge with lysozyme in aqueous buffered solutions

Author:
Antonov, Yurij A.; Celus, Miete; Kyomugasho, Clare; Hendrickx, Marc; Moldenaers, Paula; Cardinaels, Ruth
Source:
Food hydrocolloids 2019 v.94 pp. 268-278
ISSN:
0268-005X
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; electrostatic interactions; gels; hydrocolloids; ionic strength; liquids; lysozyme; pH; pectins; separation;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... We examined how a particular structural characteristic of pectin, namely its degree of methoxylation (DM), affects its complexation with lysozyme (lys), whereby the phase behavior of the complex system as a whole as well as the aggregation state of the complex phase are considered. Low and medium methoxylated pectins bind lys at pH 5.1 and low ionic strength (I = 0.01) forming highly concentrated ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.02.049

16. Maximum power extraction from a wind turbine using second-order fast terminal sliding mode control

Author:
Abolvafaei, Mahnaz; Ganjefar, Soheil
Source:
Renewable energy 2019 v.139 pp. 1437-1446
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; controllers; mechanical loads; mechanical stress; uncertainty; wind power; wind speed; wind turbines;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The maximum wind power extraction and reduction of mechanical stresses in the operating region of below rated wind speed (region 2) are two major issues in wind power. To overcome both issues, two nonlinear control strategies using a second-order sliding mode control (SOSMC) are proposed seeking a better performance. The proposed controllers have been developed to neutralize the effects of paramet ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.044

17. Associative properties of rapeseed napin and pectin: Competition between liquid-liquid and liquid-solid phase separation

Author:
Amine, Chloé; Boire, Adeline; Kermarrec, Alice; Renard, Denis
Source:
Food hydrocolloids 2019 v.92 pp. 94-103
ISSN:
0268-005X
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; biopolymers; electrostatic interactions; hydrocolloids; methylation; mixing ratio; pH; pectins; phase transition; plant proteins; rapeseed; separation;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... We investigated the assembly of a plant protein, rapeseed napin (NAP), mixed with a plant polysaccharide, highly methylated pectin (PEC). The optimum pH for NAP/PEC interactions was found at pH 4.0 for which the charge difference between the two biopolymers is the highest. Two types of phase transition were observed depending on pH and mixing ratios: liquid-solid and liquid-liquid phase separation ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.01.026

18. Structural changes of antitoxin HigA from Shigella flexneri by binding of its cognate toxin HigB

Author:
Yoon, Won-Su; Seok, Seung-Hyeon; Won, Hyung-Sik; Cho, Taehwan; Lee, Sang Jae; Seo, Min-Duk
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2019 v.130 pp. 99-108
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; DNA; DNA-binding proteins; Shigella flexneri; antitoxins; crystal structure; dimerization; transcription (genetics);     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... In toxin-antitoxin systems, many antitoxin proteins that neutralize their cognate toxin proteins also bind to DNA to repress transcription, and the DNA-binding affinity of the antitoxin is affected by its toxin. We solved crystal structures of the antitoxin HigA (apo-SfHigA) and its complex with the toxin HigB (SfHigBA) from Shigella flexneri. The apo-SfHigA shows a distinctive V-shaped homodimeri ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.111

19. Unraveling the water states of waste-activated sludge through transverse spin-spin relaxation time of low-field NMR

Author:
Wu, Boran; Zhou, Kun; He, Yunpeng; Chai, Xiaoli; Dai, Xiaohu
Source:
Water research 2019 v.155 pp. 266-274
ISSN:
0043-1354
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; adsorption; dewatering; hydrogen; hydrophilicity; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polymers; protons; sludge;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The physical states of water are crucial for the dewatering efficiency of waste-activated sludge (WAS). However, to date, there is still lack of promising methods for the distinct differentiation of water states in colloidal microbial aggregates. This study proposed that the transverse spin-spin relaxation time (T2) distribution of low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) could be a useful tool ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.031

20. Comprehensive insights into the inorganic coagulants on sludge dewatering: comparing aluminium and iron salts

Author:
Liang, Jialin; Zhang, Siwei; Huang, Jinjia; Huang, Shaosong; Zheng, Li; Sun, Shuiyu; Zhong, Zhenyi; Zhang, Xinghong; Yu, Xiaoyu
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2019 v.94 no.5 pp. 1534-1550
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
neutralization,   etc   ; acidification; aluminum; coagulants; coagulation; dewatering; economic analysis; iron; moieties; polymers; polysaccharides; salts; sludge; tryptophan; tyrosine;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play an important role in sludge dewatering. Inorganic coagulants treatment has been widely used to remove the EPS and improve sludge dewaterability. This research evaluates whether there are advantages of selecting one of two chemical coagulation pretreatments, conventional aluminium or iron salts, over the other to enhance sludge dewaterabilit ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.5913