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1. The importance of sample size with regard to the robustness of postmortem reference values

Author:
Söderberg, C.; Tillmar, A.; Johansson, A.; Wernvik, E.; Jönsson, A.K.; Druid, H.
Source:
Forensic science international 2020 v.311 pp. 110292
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; blood; drugs; necropsy; poisoning; sample size; toxicology;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Evaluating postmortem toxicological results is a challenging task due to multiple factors affecting blood concentrations after death. In order to improve the diagnostic accuracy in cases of suspected fatal intoxication different compilations of postmortem reference drug concentrations are often used. However, it is not clear what constitutes a reliable postmortem reference value.The current study ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110292

2. Terahertz Time of Flight Spectroscopy as a Coating Thickness Reference Method for Partial Least Squares Near Infrared Spectroscopy Models

Author:
Mohan, Shikhar; Odani, Noritaka; Hossain, Md. Nayeem; Feng, Hanzhou; Li, Yi; Kato, Eiji; Drennen, James K.; Anderson, Carl A.
Source:
Analytical chemistry 2020 v.92 no.5 pp. 3658-3665
ISSN:
1520-6882
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; coatings; least squares; models; monitoring; near-infrared spectroscopy;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is often used during the tablet coating process to assess coating thickness. As the coating process proceeds, the increase and decrease in NIRS signal from both the coating formulation and tablet core has been related to coating thickness. Partial least-squares models are often generated relating NIRS spectra to reference coating thickness measurements for in-line ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04750

3. Microstructural Effect Limitations in the Analysis of SnAg, SnBi and SnIn Lead-free Solders by Wavelength Dispersion X-Ray Spectrometry

Author:
Tadeusz Gorewoda,; Mzyk, Zofia; Anyszkiewicz, Jacek; Bilewska, Katarzyna; Cybulski, Andrzej; Gołębiewska-Kurzawska, Joanna; Knapik, Magdalena; Kostrzewa, Justyna; Grzegorczyk, Magdalena; Malara, Szymon
Source:
Journal of analytical chemistry 2020 v.75 no.1 pp. 56-62
ISSN:
1061-9348
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; calibration; furnaces; microstructure; wavelengths;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... This article describes the effects of microstructures in an analysis of lead-free solders, namely SnAg, SnBi and SnIn, using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). The size of the microstructures in the samples and calibration materials has a strong impact on the calibration accuracy and results. A comparison of the microstructure size and critical thickness values demonstrated the importance of t ...
DOI:
10.1134/S1061934820010086

4. Evaluation of bias correction methods for APHRODITE data to improve hydrologic simulation in a large Himalayan basin

Author:
Ji, Xuan; Li, Yungang; Luo, Xian; He, Daming; Guo, Ruoyu; Wang, Jing; Bai, Yang; Yue, Caiyun; Liu, Chang
Source:
Atmospheric research 2020 v.242 pp. 104964
ISSN:
0169-8095
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; basins; climatic zones; floodplains; loci; rain gauges; runoff; satellites; watersheds; China;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gridded precipitation products have the advantages of wide spatial coverage and high spatiotemporal resolution compared to conventional rain-gauge data, and have been extensively applied in hydrology-related research. As one of the most representative of the gridded precipitation products, APHRODITE performs well in most regions over Asia except around the Tibetan Plateau. This study implemented f ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104964

5. Arsenic in marine sediments: how robust a redox proxy?

Author:
Tribovillard, Nicolas
Source:
Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology 2020 v.550 pp. 109745
ISSN:
0031-0182
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; arsenic; cold; hydrogen sulfide; iron; marine sediments; molybdenum; organic matter; paleoecology; shale; uranium;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Arsenic (As) is reputed to be a redox-sensitive element but has not been fully explored yet as a proxy in marine sediments and sedimentary rocks, compared to extensively examined elements such as molybdenum (Mo) and uranium (U). Here the behavior of As is compared to that of Mo and U in a number of paleo-environmental situations that have been studied before and are, therefore, rather well constra ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109745

6. Freeze-dried meningococcal vaccine: Total error assessment of a near-infrared method for water content determination

Author:
Zubak, Ana Mandac; Horvat, Ana; Čavužić, Dražen; Fabijanić, Ines
Source:
Talanta 2020 v.211 pp. 120659
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; calibration; experimental design; freeze drying; models; near-infrared spectroscopy; uncertainty; vaccines; water content;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Accuracy of reference values obtained by the reference method is essential to ensure the quality of a near-infrared (NIR) model. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of a newly developed NIR analytical method for the determination of water content in a freeze-dried meningococcal vaccine by evaluating not only uncertainties associated with the calibration model and NIR measurement p ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120659

7. Aortic, common carotid and external iliac artery arterial wall stiffness parameters in horses: Inter‐day and inter‐observer and intra‐observer measurement variability

Author:
Vera, L.; De Clercq, D.; Paulussen, E.; Van Steenkiste, G.; Decloedt, A.; Chiers, K.; van Loon, G.
Source:
Equine veterinary journal 2020 v.52 no.3 pp. 471-476
ISSN:
0425-1644
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; adults; aorta; blood pressure; carotid arteries; heart rate; horses; iliac artery; ultrasonography;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: In human medicine, local and regional arterial wall stiffness (AWS) parameters are routinely used to assess the vascular health. In horses, information regarding reproducibility of ultrasonographically derived AWS parameters is lacking. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the inter‐day and inter‐observer and intra‐observer measurement variability of both local and regional AWS parameters in horses ...
DOI:
10.1111/evj.13196

8. Reference values for the phase angle of the electrical bioimpedance: Systematic review and meta-analysis involving more than 250,000 subjects

Author:
Mattiello, Rita; Amaral, Mariana Azambuja; Mundstock, Eduardo; Ziegelmann, Patrícia Klarmann
Source:
Clinical nutrition 2020 v.39 no.5 pp. 1411-1417
ISSN:
0261-5614
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; bioelectrical impedance; elderly; females; infants; males; meta-analysis; morbidity; mortality; systematic review;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The bioimpedence phase angle has been considered as a predictor for morbidity and mortality in different clinical situations, although reference values from a large healthy population are lacking. The aim of this meta-analysis is to estimate mean phase-angle values in healthy individuals.This meta-analysis systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, SCIELO, LI ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.clnu.2019.07.004

9. Comparison of methods for the demarcation between earlywood and latewood in tree rings of Norway spruce

Author:
Samusevich, Alina; Lexa, Martin; Vejpustková, Monika; Altman, Jan; Zeidler, Aleš
Source:
Dendrochronologia 2020 v.60 pp. 125686
ISSN:
1125-7865
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; Picea abies; X-radiation; densitometry; earlywood; environmental factors; latewood; statistical analysis; temperate zones; trees;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The precise demarcation between earlywood and latewood is important for the detailed analysis of intra-annual tree ring features. Different techniques based on visual assessment, wood anatomy analysis and X-ray densitometry have been developed and are currently used for this purpose. Depending on the chosen method, tree species and environmental conditions, the results can significantly vary. Thus ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.dendro.2020.125686

10. Seeing macro-dispersivity from hydraulic conductivity field with convolutional neural network

Author:
Zhou, Zhengkun; Shi, Liangsheng; Zha, Yuanyuan
Source:
Advances in water resources 2020 v.138 pp. 103545
ISSN:
0309-1708
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; data collection; groundwater; hydraulic conductivity; porous media; solutes; spatial variation; variance; water resources;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Building a quantitative relation between the spatial heterogeneity of the hydraulic conductivity fields and the macroscale behavior of solute transport is fundamental for groundwater environment problem. In this work, the deep learning technique is explored to build the functional mapping between the hydraulic conductivity field and the longitudinal macro-dispersivity. We examine the capability of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.advwatres.2020.103545

11. Investigation of Schirmer tear test-1 for measurement of tear production in cats in various environmental settings and with different test durations

Author:
Sebbag, Lionel; Uhl, Lisa K.; Schneider, Benjamin; Hayes, Brian; Olds, June; Mochel, Jonathan P.
Source:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 2020 v.256 no.6 pp. 681-686
ISSN:
0003-1488
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; cats; data analysis; eyes; feral animals; heart rate; hospitals; models;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE To assess reliability of the Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1) for measurement of tear production in cats in various environments, investigate whether sympathetic stimulation impacts measurements, and determine whether meaningful conclusions regarding lacrimation in cats can be drawn from STT-1 measurements obtained with STT strip placement for < 1 minute. ANIMALS 176 cats examined in a priva ...
DOI:
10.2460/javma.256.6.681

12. Ophthalmic findings in cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus)

Author:
Hwang, Jaemin; Kang, Seonmi; Seok, Seonghoon; Ahmed, Sohail; Yeon, Seongchan
Source:
Veterinary ophthalmology 2020 v.23 no.2 pp. 314-324
ISSN:
1463-5216
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; Aegypius monachus; adults; anesthesia; bird diseases; cornea; eye diseases; ophthalmology; phenolsulfonphthalein; vultures;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to provide ophthalmic reference values under normal physiological conditions for Aegypius monachus (cinereous vulture). PROCEDURES: Thirty‐two eyes of sixteen adult captive cinereous vultures were used for this study. Tear tests and tonometry in conscious and anesthetized states, neuro‐ophthalmic tests, measurement of corneal diameter, slit‐lamp biomicro ...
DOI:
10.1111/vop.12728

13. Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Uterine Stump Size in Ovariohysterectomized Dogs Receiving Estriol Compared to Control Dogs

Author:
Mathews, Kathrina D.; Hardy, Brian; Johnson, Eric G.; Westropp, Jodi L.
Source:
Topics in companion animal medicine 2020 v.38 pp. 100370
ISSN:
1938-9736
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; aorta; clinical examination; dogs; estriol; medicine; patients; pets; screening; therapeutics; ultrasonics; ultrasonography; vulva;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... In ovariohysterectomized dogs, the uterine stump rarely causes clinical disease. However, changes could occur in this anatomic structure due to exposure to estrogen therapy. Ultrasonographic examination of the uterine stump has not been reported in dogs receiving estriol and normal dimensions for this area have not been reported for ovariohysterectomized dogs. Therefore, the aims of this study wer ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tcam.2019.100370

14. Consistent normalization approach for Life Cycle Assessment based on inventory databases

Author:
Hélias, Arnaud; Esnouf, Antoine; Finkbeiner, Matthias
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.703 pp. 134583
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; data collection; databases; environmental impact; inventories; life cycle assessment; models; public services and goods;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The process-based life cycle assessments (LCA) of goods and services are calculated using a bottom-up approach related to a functional unit. However, this does not provide any information regarding the scale of the environmental impacts. Therefore, the normalization allows to relate the impacts to a reference system (specific countries, regions or even the whole world). These references are usuall ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134583

15. Pulmonary vein to pulmonary artery ratio in healthy and cardiomyopathic cats

Author:
Patata, V.; Caivano, D.; Porciello, F.; Rishniw, M.; Domenech, O.; Marchesotti, F.; Giorgi, M.E.; Guglielmini, C.; Poser, H.; Spina, F.; Birettoni, F.
Source:
Journal of veterinary cardiology 2020 v.27 pp. 23-33
ISSN:
1760-2734
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; aorta; blood veins; cardiomyopathy; cat diseases; cats; dogs; heart failure; image analysis; pulmonary artery;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recognition of congestive heart failure (CHF) in dyspnoeic cats is crucial for correct intervention. The pulmonary vein (PV) to pulmonary artery (PA) ratio (PV/PA) has been proposed as an index that might help discriminate dogs suffering from CHF but has never been studied in cats. We sought to determine reference intervals for various PV and PA variables in healthy cats. We then examined these va ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jvc.2019.12.001

16. Extreme-scale load-aligning rotor: To hinge or not to hinge?

Author:
Noyes, Carlos; Loth, Eric; Martin, Dana; Johnson, Kathryn; Ananda, Gavin; Selig, Michael
Source:
Applied energy 2020 v.257 pp. 113985
ISSN:
0306-2619
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; blades; energy; power generation; rotors; wind power; wind speed; wind turbines;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Load alignment, balancing the thrust moment with the centrifugal moment, is a promising innovation for extreme-scale wind turbines. Load alignment allows for longer blades, capturing more power, while maintaining similar blade moments. As blades lengthen, larger coning angles are required to balance increasing thrust moments with centrifugal moments. This yields a key question for such extreme-sca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113985

17. A morphological and stereological study on brain, cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of New Zealand rabbits

Author:
Selçuk, Muhammet Lütfi; Tıpırdamaz, Saadettin
Source:
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 2020 v.49 no.1 pp. 90-96
ISSN:
0340-2096
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; New Zealand White rabbit; asymmetry; cerebellum; females; histology; males; morphometry; rabbits;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The aim of this research was to determine brain, cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum volume and volume ratios by using stereological methods and investigate morphological differences between female and male New Zealand rabbits. The study was applied on 14‐month old (10 male and 10 female) New Zealand rabbits. The materials removed from the cavum cranii using dorsal approach. After following routin ...
DOI:
10.1111/ahe.12489

18. Distribution of zopiclone and main metabolites in hair following a single dose

Author:
Hansen, Stine Lund; Johansen, Sys Stybe; Nielsen, Marie Katrine Klose; Nilsson, Gunnel; Kronstrand, Robert
Source:
Forensic science international 2020 v.306 pp. 110074
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; crime; drugs; forensic sciences; good hygiene practices; liquid chromatography; metabolites; nitrogen oxides; volunteers;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In forensic investigations, such as drug-facilitated crimes, reference values are useful for interpretation of hair results. The aim of this study was to establish levels of zopiclone and two main metabolites, N-desmethylzopiclone and zopiclone N-oxide, in hair after the administration of a single dose of zopiclone, as very limited data are published. A controlled study was performed, where 16 vol ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.110074

19. Reference values for selected ophthalmic diagnostic tests in two species of microchiroptera bats (Artibeus lituratus and Anoura caudifer)

Author:
Somma, André Tavares; Coimbra, Christiane M.; Lange, Rogério R.; Moore, Bret A.; Montiani‐Ferreira, Fabiano
Source:
Veterinary ophthalmology 2020 v.23 no.1 pp. 61-66
ISSN:
1463-5216
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; Artibeus lituratus; animal diseases; diagnostic techniques; eye diseases; ophthalmology; tears;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To establish reference values for ophthalmic tests in two bat species. BATS: Fourteen bats including seven great fruit‐eating bats (Artibeus lituratus) and seven tailed tailless bats (Anoura caudifer). PROCEDURES: Normal values for following ophthalmic tests were investigated as follows: (a) aqueous tear production using the standardized endodontic paper point tear test (EPPTT), (b) reb ...
DOI:
10.1111/vop.12690

20. Tear production, intraocular pressure, and central corneal thickness in white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

Author:
Villar, Tatiane; Pascoli, Ana L.; Klein, Aislinn; Chacaltana, Flor C.; Capistrano, Erotides; Shipley, Cliff F.; Martins, Bianca C.
Source:
Veterinary ophthalmology 2020 v.23 no.1 pp. 123-128
ISSN:
1463-5216
Subject:
normal values,   etc   ; Odocoileus virginianus; adults; cornea; deer; fawns; intramuscular injection; ophthalmology; seasonal variation; tiletamine; ultrasonics; xylazine;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the tear production, intraocular pressure, and central corneal thickness in healthy white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and assess for seasonal variability. ANIMALS STUDIED: Nineteen healthy fawns (3‐10 days old) and 8 healthy adult white‐tailed deer (164‐280 days old) were studied. PROCEDURES: All fawns were manually restrained for the study, while adult animals were ...
DOI:
10.1111/vop.12696