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1. Investigation into a Superspreading Event of the German 2020–2021 Avian Influenza Epidemic

Author:
Nicolai Denzin; Marlies Bölling; Anne Pohlmann; Jacqueline King; Anja Globig; Franz Josef Conraths
Source:
Pathogens 2022 v.11 no.3 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-0817
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; avian influenza; farms; flocks; indirect contact; trade; travel; Germany;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Between November 2020 and May 2021, Germany faced the largest highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) epidemic recorded so far with 245 outbreaks in poultry and captive birds and more than 1000 diagnosed cases in wild birds. In March 2021, an HPAI outbreak of subtype H5N8 was confirmed in a holding rearing laying hens for sales. Disease introduction probably occurred via indirect contact with inf ...
DOI:
10.3390/pathogens11030309

2. Wastewater-Based Detection of Two Influenza Outbreaks

Author:
Marlene K. Wolfe; Dorothea Duong; Kevin M. Bakker; Michelle Ammerman; Lindsey Mortenson; Bridgette Hughes; Peter Arts; Adam S. Lauring; William J. Fitzsimmons; Emily Bendall; Calvin E. Hwang; Emily T. Martin; Bradley J. White; Alexandria B. Boehm; Krista R. Wigginton
Source:
Environmental science & technology letters 2022 v.9 no.8 pp. 687-692
ISSN:
2328-8930
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Influenza A virus; RNA; influenza; monitoring; technology; wastewater; Michigan;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Traditional influenza surveillance informs control strategies but can lag behind outbreak onset and undercount cases. Wastewater surveillance is effective for monitoring near real-time dynamics of outbreaks but has not been attempted for influenza. We quantified influenza A virus (IAV) RNA in wastewater during two active outbreaks on university campuses in different parts of the United States and ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.estlett.2c00350

3. Feed or feed transport as a potential route for a porcine epidemic diarrhoea outbreak in a 10,000‐sow breeding herd in Mexico

Author:
Jorge Garrido‐Mantilla; Alicia Lara; Ezequiel Guardado; Jose Lopez; Joel Nerem; Gustavo Pizarro; Jean Paul Cano
Source:
Transboundary and emerging diseases 2022 v.69 no.1 pp. 66-71
ISSN:
1865-1674
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; RNA; biosecurity; diarrhea; farms; feed contamination; herds; swine; Mexico;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) infects pigs of all ages causing vomiting and diarrhoea. PEDV is transmitted via the oral–faecal route, and a very low dose is enough to infect susceptible pigs, resulting in significant production losses. This short communication aims to describe the introduction of PEDV into a 10,000‐sow farrow‐to‐wean farm located in northwest Mexico. Following the onset ...
DOI:
10.1111/tbed.14354

4. Healthcare-Associated SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection after 3 Months with a Phylogenetically Distinct Omicron Variant: A Case Report

Author:
Kim Callebaut; Anke Stoefs; Dimitri Stylemans; Oriane Soetens; Florence Crombé; Ellen Vancutsem; Hideo Imamura; Ingrid Wybo; Deborah De Geyter; Denis Piérard; Astrid Muyldermans; Thomas Demuyser
Source:
Viruses 2022 v.14 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
1999-4915
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; case studies; females; genome; hospitals; patients; phylogeny; sclerosis;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... This case report describes a 60-year-old female patient suffering from systemic sclerosis, for which she received immunomodulatory drugs. Her first SARS-CoV-2-positive nasopharyngeal sample was obtained in the emergency department, on 31 January 2022. Whole genome sequencing confirmed infection with Omicron BA.1.1. Her hospital stay was long and punctuated by many complications, including admissio ...
DOI:
10.3390/v14091852

5. Epidemiological investigation of a tularaemia outbreak after a hare hunt in Bavaria, Germany, 2018

Author:
Stefanie Böhm; Katharina vom Berge; Daniela Hierhammer; Daniela Jacob; Roland Grunow; Julia M. Riehm; Regina Konrad; Marc Dauer; Berit Bouschery; Hamid Hossain; Elisabeth Schichtl; Merle M. Böhmer
Source:
Zoonoses and public health 2022 v.69 no.2 pp. 106-116
ISSN:
1863-1959
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; breathing; cohort studies; conjunctivitis; hares; lymphatic diseases; mucosa; public health; risk; safety equipment; tularemia; zoonoses; Germany;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... In November 2018, a tularaemia outbreak occurred in Bavaria, Germany, among participants of a hare hunt and butchery employees handling the hares. We conducted an epidemiological outbreak investigation, including a retrospective cohort study among hunting participants, to identify likely transmission routes and activities associated with infection. Twelve of 41 participants were antibody‐positive ...
DOI:
10.1111/zph.12899

6. Detection and Sequencing of Multiple Human Norovirus Genotypes from Imported Frozen Raspberries Linked to Outbreaks in the Province of Quebec, Canada, in 2017

Author:
Philippe Raymond; Sylvianne Paul; André Perron; Christian Bellehumeur; Émilie Larocque; Hugues Charest
Source:
Food and environmental virology 2022 v.14 no.1 pp. 40-58
ISSN:
1867-0334
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Norovirus; RNA; capsid; gastroenteritis; genotype; humans; magnetism; patients; people; phylogeny; raspberries; risk assessment; silica; virology; Quebec;     Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Human noroviruses are among the main causes of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Frozen raspberries have been linked to several norovirus food-related outbreaks. However, the extraction of norovirus RNA from frozen raspberries remains challenging. Recovery yields are low and PCR inhibitors limit the sensitivity of the detection methodologies. In 2017, 724 people from various regions of the Province ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12560-021-09507-8

7. Diagnostic Laboratory Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients Infected by Fomites: COVID-19 Outbreak in a South Korean Public Administrative Facility

Author:
Se-Min Hwang; Yoomi Jung; Haesook Seo
Source:
Pathogens 2022 v.11 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-0817
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; COVID-19 infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; fomites; glass; lungs; opacity; risk factors; smell; taste; viruses;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... There is a paucity of data regarding the differentiating characteristics of patients who were infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by fomites around the world. We conducted an event-based outbreak investigation, involving 795 public officers and 277 assistant staff, in the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) or the same building from March 2 to March 18, 20 ...
DOI:
10.3390/pathogens11060700

8. Hepatopathy in Victorian dogs consuming pet meat contaminated with indospicine

Author:
S. E. Salmon; S. L. Hall; D. E. Phillips; L. R. Dries; J. Sarandopoulos; A. Coghill; M. C. Hawes
Source:
Australian veterinary journal 2022 v.100 no.10 pp. 465-475
ISSN:
0005-0423
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Indigofera; arginine; blood serum; death; indigenous species; ingestion; liver; liver diseases; meat; natural toxicants; toxicity; toxins; Northern Territory;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Indospicine is an arginine analogue and a natural toxin occurring only in Indigofera plant species, including Australian native species. It accumulates in the tissues of grazing animals, persisting for several months after ingestion. Dogs are particularly sensitive to indospicine toxicity and can suffer fatal liver disease after eating indospicine‐contaminated pet meat. METHOD: A disea ...
DOI:
10.1111/avj.13171

9. Outbreak investigation and identification of risk factors associated with the occurrence of foot and mouth disease in Punjab, Pakistan

Author:
Imtiaz Ali; Abdul Rehman; Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq; Muhammad Ijaz; Muhammad Shakeel Khaliq; Muhammad Saad Ullah Khan; Salman Khalid; Awais Masud; Ansar Abbas; Shumaila Parveen; Ayesha Saman; Carola Sauter-Louis; Franz Josef Conraths
Source:
Preventive veterinary medicine 2022 v.202 pp. 105613
ISSN:
0167-5877
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; biosecurity; case-control studies; farms; foot-and-mouth disease; herd size; morbidity; mortality; questionnaires; serotypes; trade; vaccination; veterinary medicine; Pakistan;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of domesticated and wild ruminants and pigs that causes enormous economic losses through morbidity, mortality, and trade restrictions. Although the disease is endemic in Pakistan, seasonal outbreaks occur every year throughout the country. This study aimed to investigate FMD outbreaks and to identify the risk factors associated with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105613

10. Outbreak investigation of airborne transmission of Omicron (B.1.1.529) - SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern in a restaurant: Implication for enhancement of indoor air dilution

Author:
Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng; David Christopher Lung; Shuk-Ching Wong; Albert Ka-Wing Au; Qun Wang; Hong Chen; Li Xin; Allen Wing-Ho Chu; Jonathan Daniel Ip; Wan-Mui Chan; Hoi-Wah Tsoi; Herman Tse; Ken Ho-Leung Ng; Mike Yat-Wah Kwan; Shuk-Kwan Chuang; Kelvin Kai-Wang To; Yuguo Li; Kwok-Yung Yuen
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2022 v.430 pp. 128504
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; COVID-19 infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; air; air flow; airborne transmission; exposure duration; phylogeny; restaurants; risk; secondary attack rate;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been increasingly recognized in the outbreak of COVID-19, especially with the Omicron variant. We investigated an outbreak due to Omicron variant in a restaurant. Besides epidemiological and phylogenetic analyses, the secondary attack rates of customers of restaurant-related COVID-19 outbreak before (Outbreak R1) and after enhancement of indoor air dilution ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128504

11. Microbial source tracking using metagenomics and other new technologies

Author:
Shahbaz Raza; Jungman Kim; Michael J. Sadowsky; Tatsuya Unno
Source:
journal of microbiology 2021 v.59 no.3 pp. 259-269
ISSN:
1225-8873
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; automation; medicine; metagenomics; pollution; prediction;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The environment is under siege from a variety of pollution sources. Fecal pollution is especially harmful as it disperses pathogenic bacteria into waterways. Unraveling origins of mixed sources of fecal bacteria is difficult and microbial source tracking (MST) in complex environments is still a daunting task. Despite the challenges, the need for answers far outweighs the difficulties experienced. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12275-021-0668-9

12. Use of metagenomic microbial source tracking to investigate the source of a foodborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis

Author:
J. Ahlinder; A.-L. Svedberg; A. Nystedt; R. Dryselius; K. Jacobsson; M. Hägglund; B. Brindefalk; M. Forsman; J. Ottoson; K. Troell
Source:
Food and Waterborne Parasitology 2022 v.26 pp. e00142
ISSN:
2405-6766
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Cryptosporidium parvum; Protozoa; cryptosporidiosis; databases; farms; food contamination; gastroenteritis; humans; ingestion; intestinal microorganisms; metagenomics; municipal wastewater; parasites; parasitology; public health; romaine lettuce; uncertainty; water pollution;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite of global public health importance that causes gastroenteritis in a variety of vertebrate hosts, with many human outbreaks reported yearly, often from ingestion of contaminated water or food. Despite the major public health implications, little is typically known about sources of contamination of disease outbreaks caused by Cryptosporidium. Here, we study a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fawpar.2021.e00142

13. Cluster of human Puumala orthohantavirus infections due to indoor exposure?—An interdisciplinary outbreak investigation

Author:
Christina Princk; Stephan Drewes; Kristin M. Meyer‐Schlinkmann; Marion Saathoff; Florian Binder; Jona Freise; Beate Tenner; Sabrina Weiss; Jörg Hofmann; Jutta Esser; Martin Runge; Jens Jacob; Rainer G. Ulrich; Johannes Dreesman
Source:
Zoonoses and public health 2022 v.69 no.5 pp. 579-586
ISSN:
1863-1959
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Clethrionomys glareolus; Fagus; Hantaviridae infections; One Health initiative; Puumala orthohantavirus; autumn; epidemiological studies; hospitals; humans; patients; population dynamics; public health; questionnaires; summer; veterinary medicine; zoonoses; Germany; Western European region;     Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) is the most important hantavirus species in Europe, causing the majority of human hantavirus disease cases. In central and western Europe, the occurrence of human infections is mainly driven by bank vole population dynamics influenced by beech mast. In Germany, hantavirus epidemic years are observed in 2‐ to 5‐year intervals. Many of the human infections are recorded ...
DOI:
10.1111/zph.12940

14. Multisectoral cost analysis of a human and livestock anthrax outbreak in Songwe Region, Tanzania (December 2018–January 2019), using a novel Outbreak Costing Tool

Author:
Rebecca F. Bodenham; Niwael Mtui-Malamsha; Wangeci Gatei; Mahlet A. Woldetsadik; Cynthia H. Cassell; Stephanie J. Salyer; Jo E.B. Halliday; Hezron E. Nonga; Emmanuel S. Swai; Selemani Makungu; Elibariki Mwakapeje; Jubilate Bernard; Charles Bebay; Yilma J. Makonnen; Folorunso O. Fasina
Source:
One health 2021 v.13 pp. 100259
ISSN:
2352-7714
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; anthrax; cost analysis; humans; labor; livestock; public health; travel; Tanzania;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... We applied a novel Outbreak Costing Tool (OCT), developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), to estimate the costs of investigating and responding to an anthrax outbreak in Tanzania. We also evaluated the OCT's overall utility in its application to a multisectoral outbreak response. We collected data on direct costs associated with a human and animal anthrax outbreak in So ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100259

15. Controlling an Unprecedented Outbreak with Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium in Germany, October 2015 to November 2019

Author:
Jennifer K. Bender; Julia Hermes; Lutz T. Zabel; Sebastian Haller; Nadja Mürter; Hans-Peter Blank; Guido Werner; Ingo Hüttner; Tim Eckmanns
Source:
Microorganisms 2022 v.10 no.8 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-2607
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Enterococcus faecium; cross infection; females; genomics; hospitals; imports; Germany;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Hospital outbreaks with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) pose a serious health threat and a challenge to infection prevention and control (IPC). We herein report on a VRE outbreak of unprecedented extent in Southern Germany (October 2015–November 2019). We used descriptive epidemiology and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for a detailed outbreak investigation. Of the 2905 cases, 2776 (95.3%) we ...
DOI:
10.3390/microorganisms10081603

16. Mycoplasma bovis outbreak in New Zealand cattle: An assessment of transmission trends using surveillance data

Author:
AshleyG. Jordan; Rohan J. Sadler; Kate Sawford; Mary van Andel; Michael Ward; BrendanD. Cowled
Source:
Transboundary and emerging diseases 2021 v.68 no.6 pp. 3381-3395
ISSN:
1865-1674
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Mycoplasma bovis; cattle; growth models; model validation; monitoring; reproduction; time series analysis; New Zealand;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mycoplasma bovis most likely infected New Zealand cattle in the latter half of 2015. Infection was detected in mid‐2017 after which control activities were implemented. An official eradication programme commenced in mid‐2018, which is ongoing. We examined farm‐level tracing and surveillance data to describe the outbreak, analyse transmission trends and make inference on progress towards eradicatio ...
DOI:
10.1111/tbed.13941

17. Assessment of Food and Waterborne Viral Outbreaks by Using Field Epidemiologic, Modern Laboratory and Statistical Methods—Lessons Learnt from Seven Major Norovirus Outbreaks in Finland

Author:
Aleksandra Polkowska; Sirpa Räsänen; Pekka Nuorti; Leena Maunula; Katri Jalava
Source:
Pathogens 2021 v.10 no.12 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-0817
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Norovirus; diarrhea; elderly; environmental health; food safety; leather; meta-analysis; questionnaires; risk; statistical analysis; Finland;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seven major food- and waterborne norovirus outbreaks in Western Finland during 2014–2018 were re-analysed. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of outbreak investigation tools and evaluate the Kaplan criteria. We summarised epidemiological and microbiological findings from seven outbreaks. To evaluate the Kaplan criteria, a one-stage meta-analysis of data from seven cohort studies was performed ...
DOI:
10.3390/pathogens10121624

18. Investigation of an EHV-1 Outbreak in the United States Caused by a New H752 Genotype

Author:
Nicola Pusterla; Samantha Barnum; Julia Miller; Sarah Varnell; Barbara Dallap-Schaer; Helen Aceto; Aliza Simeone
Source:
Pathogens 2021 v.10 no.6 pp. -
ISSN:
2076-0817
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; anorexia; antibodies; blood; edema; fever; flunixin; genes; genotype; heparin; histidine; morbidity; nose; quarantine; sodium; therapeutics; viral load;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Here we report on an EHV-1 outbreak investigation caused by a novel genotype H₇₅₂ (histidine in amino acid position 752 of the ORF 30 gene). The outbreak involved 31 performance horses. Horses were monitored over a period of 35 days for clinical signs, therapeutic outcome and qPCR results of EHV-1 in blood and nasal secretions. The morbidity of the EHV-1 outbreak was 84% with 26 clinically infecte ...
DOI:
10.3390/pathogens10060747

19. An Outbreak Investigation of Scombrotoxin Fish Poisoning Illnesses in the United States Linked to Yellowfin Tuna Imported from Vietnam—2019

Author:
Evelyn Pereira; Elisa L. Elliot; Lauren Shade Singleton; Mark Otto; Adiam Tesfai; Matthew Doyle; Heather Hawk; Steven Bloodgood; Ronald A. Jr. Benner; Mary P. Ross; Allison Scott; Matthew C. Kristof; Teresa Fox; Brandon Bridgman; Nicholas Long; Kimberly Livsey; Alister Rubenstein; Kimberly Garner; David Nicholas; Yayu Chuang; Brendalee Viveiros; Christopher Waggener; Karl Klontz; Steilos Viazis
Source:
Journal of food protection 2021 v.84 no.6 pp. 962-972
ISSN:
0362-028X
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; Food and Drug Administration; Thunnus albacares; food safety; histamine; patients; public health; sensory evaluation; tuna; Vietnam;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Scombrotoxin fish poisoning (SFP) is caused by the ingestion of certain fish species with elevated concentrations of histamine due to decomposition. In fall 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was notified of 51 SFP cases including two hospitalizations from 11 states through the FDA consumer complaint system or directly from state partners. A case patient was defined as an individual ...
DOI:
10.4315/JFP-20-456

20. Identification of Workers at Increased Risk of Infection During a COVID-19 Outbreak in a Meat Processing Plant, France, May 2020

Author:
Yoann Mallet; Mathilde Pivette; Matthieu Revest; Elisabeth Angot; Marion Valence; Clarisse Dupin; Nicolas Picard; Guillaume Brelivet; Thomas Seyler; Stéphany Ballet; Alain Le Tertre; Yvonnick Guillois
Source:
Food and environmental virology 2021 v.13 no.4 pp. 535-543
ISSN:
1867-0334
Subject:
outbreak investigation,   etc   ; COVID-19 infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; boning; meat; risk management; virology; viruses; working conditions; France;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... On 13 May 2020, a COVID-19 cluster was detected in a French processing plant. Infected workers were described. The associations between the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the socio-demographic and occupational characteristics were assessed in order to implement risk management measures targeting workers at increased risk of contamination. Workers were tested by RT-PCR from samples taken during screening ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12560-021-09500-1