An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
... Shape memory polymers can change their initial shape under the stimulation of the external environment, but most of the stimulations require not only an external force but also a high temperature, which limits their application to a certain extent. Inspired by the unmatched elongation of cells on both sides of the mimosa petiole in nature, which leads to leaf closure, we designed a new type of sha ...
... Our morphological study of the exocrine system in workers of Leptanilla clypeata revealed the presence of at least 23 glands. Among these, the dorsoproximal intramandibular gland represents a novel structure for social insects. Another novel gland may exist in the ventral part of the postpetiolus; both the petiole and postpetiole contain conspicuous clusters of large gland cells. The occurrence of ...
... PREMISE: The phenomenon called “diminishing returns” refers to a scaling relationship between lamina mass (M) vs. lamina area (A) in many species, i.e., M ∝ Aᵅ>¹, where α is the scaling exponent exceeding unity. Prior studies have focused on the scaling relationships between lamina dry mass (DM) and A, or between fresh mass (FM) and A. However, the scaling between petiole mass and M and A has seld ...
petioles, etc ; Acer; forests; indigenous species; Iran; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... As the third biggest genus in Sapindaceae, Acer contains about 110 species which are mainly distributed in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. With nine native species in Iran, maples are considered to be among the key forest trees in the country. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of petiole traits for delimiting species of Acer. Ten petiolar characters were studied in ...
petioles, etc ; Arrenurus; acarology; fauna; new species; China; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Arrenurus is considered one of the most specious genera of water mites. This paper deals with three species of Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 (Acari, Hydrachnidiae, Arrenuridae) from Delingha, Qinghai Province, PR China. Arrenurus (Arrenurus) jaggedis sp. nov. is new to science; Arrenurus (Arrenurus) affinis Koenike, 1887 and Arrenurus (Arrenurus) turgidus Koenike, 1911 are recorded for the first time for ...
petioles, etc ; Primulina; limestone; new species; phylogeny; China; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Primulina gracilipes, a new species of Gesneriaceae from limestone areas in southern Hunan, China is described and illustrated here. This new species is similar to Primulina hunanensis, but is distinguishable due to its smaller bracts and shorter petiole. Morphological description and illustrations of the new species are provided, as well as diagnostic comparisons and a phylogenetic reconstruction ...
petioles, etc ; corn; genes; plant architecture; transcription factors; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The most important morphological characteristic that determines maize plant architecture is the angle of leaf inclination, which depends on the presence and degree of ligule and auricle development at the junction of leaf and leafstalk. In this study, the liguleless1 and its paralog liguleless1-like gene sequences, encoding transcription factors of the SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN family, inv ...
petioles, etc ; bananas; binomial distribution; color; leaf blotch; vegetative growth; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Morphological traits are routinely used to characterize the banana varieties but are unable to precisely discriminate the closely resembling ones. Current study explores the five common banana varieties using 41 qualitative traits and discriminating traits are shortlisted based on uniformity within variety (zero Shannon index), differences between varieties (varying mode scores across varieties an ...
petioles, etc ; automation; color; geometry; lettuce; phenotype; photosynthesis; quantitative analysis; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Classification and phenotype identification of lettuce leaves urgently require fine quantification of their multi-semantic traits. Different components of lettuce leaves undertake specific physiological functions and can be quantitatively described and interpreted using their observable properties. In particular, petiole and veins determine mechanical support and material transport per ...
Igor Araújo; Paulo S. Morandi; Angélica O. Müller; Lucas H. Mariano; Facundo Alvarez; Ivone Vieira da Silva; Ben Hur Marimon Junior; Beatriz S. Marimon
petioles, etc ; Brosimum; mixed forests; plant ecology; species diversity; trees; Amazonia; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tropical monodominant forests are rare communities with low tree species diversity. Species monodominance is not the product of a single mechanism, but the result of a set of not yet fully understood integrated ecological factors acting together. We compared populations of Brosimum rubescens in monodominant and mixed forests in Southern Amazonia to test whether leaf functional traits are ecologica ...
Jone Clebson Ribeiro Mendes; João Marcelo Alvarenga Braga; Claudio Nicoletti de Fraga; Rafaela Alves Pereira-Silva; Margareth Ferreira de Sales; Sarah Maria Athiê-Souza
petioles, etc ; Phyllanthus; exine; forests; leaf blade; new species; pollen; Brazil; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two new species, Phyllanthus lilliputianus and Phyllanthus sobralii are described for the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil, for the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, respectively. The presence of deeply emarginate anthers and four-colporate pollen grains with reticulate and microreticulate exine indicate that both species belong to Phyllanthus sect. Phyllanthus subsect. Clausseniani ...
petioles, etc ; Philadelphus; biodiversity; calyx; flora; herbaria; pistil; taxonomic revisions; South Korea; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The genus Philadelphus (Hydrangeaceae) in South Korea is critically revised based on macro- and micro-morphological characteristics from over 1,000 herbarium specimens, and fresh material from wild populations. Findings show that: (1) The presence/absence and the density of the hairs on the disk, pistil, calyx, leaves, and petiole and the degree of division of the style are insufficient characters ...
petioles, etc ; Abutilon theophrasti; energy; field experimentation; population density; research; stem elongation; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... An increase in population density may result in the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of resources at scales smaller than an individual, inducing different modular responses at different positions of a plant, or architectural plasticity. To better understand how plants respond to density via architectural plasticity, we conducted a field experiment on an annual species, Abutilon theophrasti. Plan ...
petioles, etc ; agriculture; bananas; cameras; color; computer vision; electronics; lighting; models; orchards; texture; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... With the widespread application of machine vision technology in agriculture, the intelligent management of banana orchards is urgent. Accurate detection of banana bunches and stalks is a precondition for orchard yield estimation and automatic harvesting. In a complex banana orchard environment, banana bunches and stalks are similar to the leaves in color, and banana stalks are similar to the petio ...
petioles, etc ; Nicotiana benthamiana; gene expression; genes; magnesium chelatase; microRNA; phenotype; phloem; sulfur; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Artificial small RNAs (art‐sRNAs) are 21‐nucleotide small RNAs (sRNAs) computationally designed to silence plant genes or pathogenic RNAs with high efficacy and specificity. They are typically produced in transgenic plants to induce silencing at the whole‐organism level, although their expression in selected tissues for inactivating genes in distal tissues has not been reported. Here, art‐sRNAs de ...
petioles, etc ; agronomy; algorithms; canopy; computer vision; data collection; phenotype; plant height; soybeans; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Precise reconstruction of the morphological structure of the soybean canopy and acquisition of plant traits have great theoretical significance and practical value for soybean variety selection, scientific cultivation, and fine management. Since it is difficult to obtain all-around information on living plants with traditional single or binocular machine vision, this paper proposes a three-dimensi ...
Ai Song; Jia Liu; Shui-Qing Liang; Truong Van Do; Hung Ba Nguyen; Wei-Yu-Dong Deng; Lin-Bo Jia; Cédric Del Rio; Gaurav Srivastava; Zhuo Feng; Zhe-Kun Zhou; Jian Huang; Tao Su
petioles, etc ; Arecaceae; Oligocene epoch; basins; climate; fossils; paleobotany; paleoclimatology; species diversity; Vietnam; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recent paleobotanical investigations in Vietnam provide a good opportunity to improve our understanding of the biodiversity and paleoclimatic conditions in the geological past of Southeast Asia. Palms (Arecaceae) are a diverse family of typical thermophilous plants with a relatively low tolerance for freezing. In this study, we describe well-preserved fossil palm leaves from the Oligocene Dong Ho ...
petioles, etc ; Nelumbo nucifera; industrial wastes; lipemic effect; lipids; lipogenesis; metabolites; metabolomics; phytochemicals; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Two uncommon lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) parts comprising petiole and seedpod are usually discarded as waste materials or byproducts due to the poorly in-depth acquaintance of their phytochemical characterizations and pharmacological properties. Untargeted metabolomic annotation, based on molecular networking, was creatively applied to characterize the metabolites of these two adjacent parts ...
petioles, etc ; agriculture; carrots; gene expression regulation; mutants; mutation; pedicel; transcription factors; transcriptome; trichomes; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Trichomes are specialized structures developed from epidermal cells and can protect plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. Carrot is covered by trichomes during the generative phase. However, the morphology of the carrot trichomes and candidate genes controlling the formation of trichomes are still unclear. It was found that carrot trichomes were non-glandular and unbranched hairs distributed ...
petioles, etc ; Ptychosperma; chemical composition; crystal structure; shear strength; silica; tensile strength; thermal stability; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cyrtostachys renda (CR) and Ptychosperma macarthurii (PM) fibers, as new cellulosic fibers were studied. The objective of this research is to evaluate the fibers from stem, leaf stalk, and frond of these two plants as reinforcement in the polymer composites. The density, chemical composition, functional group, crystallinity index, and thermal stability were studied for CR and PM fibers. From the a ...