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phloem, etc ; Plutella xylostella; Ricinus; hydrolysis; models; moieties; pesticides; pyrroles; sap; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: In a previous study, we showed that two glycosyl–pesticide conjugates with a β‐d‐glucoside moiety, N‐{3‐cyano‐1‐[2,6‐dichloro‐4‐(trifluoromethyl) phenyl]‐4‐[(trifluoromethyl)‐sulfinyl]‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐yl}‐2‐aminoethyl‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside (GOF) and N‐{3‐cyano‐1‐[2,6‐dichloro‐4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]‐4‐[(trifluoromethyl) sulfinyl]‐1H‐pyrazol‐5‐yl}‐1‐(2‐triazolethyl‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside)‐1H ...
phloem, etc ; Nicotiana benthamiana; gene expression; genes; magnesium chelatase; microRNA; petioles; phenotype; sulfur; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Artificial small RNAs (art‐sRNAs) are 21‐nucleotide small RNAs (sRNAs) computationally designed to silence plant genes or pathogenic RNAs with high efficacy and specificity. They are typically produced in transgenic plants to induce silencing at the whole‐organism level, although their expression in selected tissues for inactivating genes in distal tissues has not been reported. Here, art‐sRNAs de ...
phloem, etc ; agroecosystems; atomic absorption spectrometry; boric acid; boron; horticulture; leaves; plant nutrition; xylem; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... For many years after the discovery of the two stable isotopes of B (¹⁰B,¹¹B) in 1920 it was not used routinely as a tracer in the biological sciences until the development of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the early 1980s. This development provided an impetus to the study of the role of B in plant nutrition, although many seminal discoveries were made beforehand without the aid of ...
phloem, etc ; flower morphology; flowering; flowers; gas exchange; spring; transpiration; water content; woody plants; xylem; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many woody plants produce large floral displays early in the spring when xylem transport can be variable and often reduced. To determine whether stem hydraulics impact floral water use, we quantified floral transpiration and tested whether it was correlated with stem xylem conductivity in five temperate woody species that flower before producing leaves. We measured inflorescence gas exchange, exam ...
phloem, etc ; Cucumis sativus; Cuscuta australis; Myzus persicae; cucumbers; peaches; species diversity; statistical analysis; transcriptomics; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... mRNAs are transported within a plant through phloem. Aphids are phloem feeders and dodders (Cuscuta spp.) are parasites which establish phloem connections with host plants. When aphids feed on dodders, whether there is trafficking of mRNAs among aphids, dodders, and host plants and if aphid feeding affects the mRNA transfer between dodders and hosts are unclear. We constructed a green peach aphid ...
phloem, etc ; Pyrus betulifolia; cDNA libraries; callose; fluorescence microscopy; horticulture; phenotype; plasmodesmata; ribonucleoproteins; rootstocks; scions; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Grafting horticultural crops can result in phenotypic changes in the grafted materials due to the movement of macromolecular signals, including RNAs and proteins, across the graft union; however, little is known about the composition of trafficking ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes or how these macromolecules are transported. Here, we used the core of PbPTB3-PbWoxT1 RNP complex, PbPTB3, as bait to ...
phloem, etc ; Oryza sativa; isotopes; leaves; models; nicotianamine; nutrient deficiencies; nutrient solutions; pollution; rice; zinc; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Iron (Fe) is an essential nutrient for living organisms and Fe deficiency is a worldwide problem for the health of both rice and humans. Zinc (Zn) contamination in agricultural soils is frequently observed. Here, we studied Fe isotope compositions and transcript levels of Fe transporter genes in rice growing in nutrient solutions having a range of Zn concentrations. Our results show Zn stress redu ...
... Plant viruses can change hosts in ways that increase vector contacts, virion acquisition, and subsequent vector dispersal to susceptible hosts. Based on this, researchers have proposed that virus-induced phenotypes are the product of adaptations to “manipulate” hosts in ways that increase transmission. Theoretical models of virus spread in crops support this proposition; “manipulative” viruses spr ...
... Increased frequency and severity of stressful events affects the growth patterns and functioning of trees which adjust their phenology to given conditions. Here, we analysed environmental effects (temperature, precipitation, VPD and SWC) on the timing of leaf phenology, seasonal stem radial growth patterns, and xylem and phloem anatomy of Quercus pubescens in the sub-Mediterranean in the period 20 ...
... Symbiotic N₂ fixation depends on a steady supply of carbohydrate to nodules. Sucrose is the main carbohydrate translocated through the phloem to nodules. Some putative sucrose transporter genes have been found in legumes and are highly expressed in nodules. However, none of these are crucial for sucrose transport to nodules. In this study, we characterized a soybean sucrose transporter, GmSUT1, wh ...
... BACKGROUND: Tobacco sore shin caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn is a major soil‐borne fungal disease of tobacco, gradually causing infected stems to become thin and dry, leading to great losses to Chinaʼs tobacco industry. Fungicides with phloem mobility are needed for application to foliage to effectively control root or vascular system pathogens. In this study, phenazine‐1‐carboxylic acid‐valine ...
... The wild Malus germplasm is considered as a gene reservoir for various biotic and abiotic stresses tolerance/resistance genes, including important novel horticultural traits. The dwarf vigour is considered an important trait in Malus for promoting high-density plantations and enhancing productivity. Thus, an indigenous and exotic wild Malus species collected in the apple field gene bank were evalu ...
phloem, etc ; Bauhinia variegata; Phanera; Schnella; light microscopy; parenchyma (plant tissue); petioles; pith; secondary xylem; species identification; India; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The petiole is a vital part of the leaf that acts as a bridge between the lamina and stem or branch for the transport of photosynthate, minerals, nutrients and provide flexible mechanical support to the lamina. Its anatomy remains unique and species‐specific. Therefore, twelve species of Bauhinia sensu lato were investigated histologically in the present study. The disparities in the petiole outli ...
... To improve the selectivity of the fenoxaprop herbicide to rice and barnyard grass, a series of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl-amino acid ester conjugates were designed and synthesized, and tested for biological activity as well as their phloem mobility. The bioassay results indicated that the target compounds possessed better activity against barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli) than rape (Brassica campestr ...
phloem, etc ; Azadirachta indica; Macrosiphum rosae; active ingredients; antifeedants; antifeeding activity; arthropods; azadirachtin; excretion; greenhouses; honeydew; mortality; starvation; toxicity; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many studies in the last decades addressed the antifeedant and repellent effects of neem (Azadirachta indica)-based pesticides on arthropod herbivores with azadirachtin as the leading active ingredient. However, results for aphids regarding repellence and feeding were often contradictory and mainly based on laboratory studies with self-made neem extracts in high concentrations. Moreover, no data a ...
Jian J. Duan; Roy G. Van Driesche; Jonathan Schmude; Ryan Crandall; Claire Rutlege; Nicole Quinn; Benjamin H. Slager; Juli R. Gould; Joseph S. Elkinton
phloem, etc ; Agrilus planipennis; Spathius; Tetrastichus planipennisi; biological control; hardwood; mortality; parasitism; parasitoids; population growth; Asia; Northeastern United States; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Successful management of invasive forest pests with sustainable approaches, such as biological control, is critical to the restoration of the affected or damaged forest ecosystems. Several parasitoids introduced from Northeast Asia were released between 2015 and 2017 in several northeastern states of the USA for biocontrol of the invasive emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis. Using life ta ...
... Aphids are the most prolific vectors of plant viruses resulting in significant yield losses to crops worldwide. Potato virus Y (PVY) is transmitted in a non-persistent manner by 65 species of aphids.With the increasing acreage of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) (Rosales: Cannabaceae) in the United States, we were interested to know if the cannabis aphid (Phorodon cannabis Passerini) (Hemiptera: Aphidida ...
phloem, etc ; cortex; phylogeny; vascular plants; xylem; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many plant movements are facilitated by contractile cells called gelatinous fibers (G‐fibers), but how G‐fibers function in the climbing movements of woody vines remains underexplored. In this Insight, we compare the presence and distribution of G‐fibers in the stems of stem‐twiners, which wrap around supports, with non‐stem‐twiners, which attach to supports via tendrils or adventitious roots. An ...
phloem, etc ; Jerusalem artichokes; biomass; calcium; inorganic phosphorus; ion transport; nitrogen; photosynthesis; plant growth; plant nutrition; salt stress; total nitrogen; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study was conducted to explore the effects of adding different amounts of exogenous inorganic nitrogen (Ca (NO₃)₂ 1 mM marked as N1, Ca (NO₃)₂ 5 mM marked as Nc and Ca (NO₃)₂ 7 mM marked as N2) and inorganic phosphorus (NaH₂PO₄ 0.1 mM marked as P1, NaH₂PO₄ 1 mM marked as Pc and NaH₂PO₄ 8 mM marked as P2) on the physiological and biochemical processes of Jerusalem artichoke under salt stress ( ...
phloem, etc ; RNA; cotyledons; early development; energy; gene expression; leaves; photosynthesis; sequence analysis; sustainable development; transcription (genetics); transcription factors; transcriptomics; xylem; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The leaf veins of higher plants contain a highly specialized vascular system comprised of xylem and phloem cells that transport water, organic compounds and mineral nutrients. The development of the vascular system is controlled by phytohormones that interact with complex transcriptional regulatory networks. Before the emergence of true leaves, the cotyledons of young seedlings perform photosynthe ...