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plantadaptation, etc ; Astragalus; Oxytropis; introns; Arctic region; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Anatomical and physiological specializations for plant adaptation to harsh climates result from molecular mechanisms that can be encoded in the nucleus or organelle. In this study, the complete plastomes of an arctic species, Oxytropis arctobia Bunge (Fabaceae), and a closely related temperate species, O. splendens Douglas ex Hook., were assembled, annotated, and analyzed to identify differences t ...
plantadaptation, etc ; Internet; biotechnology; evolutionary adaptation; genome; phylogeny; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Whole-genome duplication (WGD) has occurred repeatedly during plant evolution and diversification, providing genetic layers for evolving new functions and phenotypes. Advances in long-read sequencing technologies have enabled sequencing and assembly of over 1000 plant genomes spanning nearly 800 species, in which a large set of ancient WGDs has been uncovered. Here, we review the recently reported ...
plantadaptation, etc ; agricultural biotechnology; exports; imino acids; microbiology; proline; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The review surveys the data on the role of imino acid proline as a protector of plants from abiotic and biotic stressors. The proline content in cells depends on its synthesis, degradation, export to other cells, synthesis of proline-rich proteins (PRPs), and also its liberation from them by means of proline iminopeptidases. The possibility of using proline in agrobiotechnology to boost plant resi ...
plantadaptation, etc ; Sarcocornia quinqueflora; halophytes; models; perennials; photosynthesis; salinity; suberization; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Senescence of plant tissues is a physiologically synchronized process that enables an evergreen or a perennial plant to retrieve, recycle and remobilize nutrients from elder to younger tissues or upcoming seeds. The succulent perennial halophyte S. quinqueflora utilizes this process to discard excess salt being accumulated in outer tissues of their leafy stems. The exact mechanism for salt sheddin ...
plantadaptation, etc ; acid treatment; arsenic; ligands; malic acid; oxalic acid; pH; pollution; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Mangrove wetlands are subjected to pollution due to anthropogenic activities. Mangrove fitness is mainly determined by root exudates and microorganisms activities belowground, but the mechanisms are not yet well known. Rhizospheric interactions among mangrove sediments, microorganisms and root exudates were simulated. In particular, low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOA), were examined to expl ...
plantadaptation, etc ; global change; herbaria; microbial communities; microorganisms; plant response; planting; preserves; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Interaction between plants and their microbiota is a central theme to understand adaptation of plants to their environment. Considering herbaria as repositories of holobionts that preserved traces of ancient plant-associated microbial communities, we propose to explore these historical collections to evaluate the impact of long-lasting global changes on plant–microbiota interactions. ...
plantadaptation, etc ; abscisic acid; environment; lateral roots; root growth; sequence analysis; soil; tomatoes; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in plant adaptation to water deficits, but its role in regulating root growth (primary root elongation and lateral root number) during different drought‐phases remains unclear. Here, we exposed wild‐type (WT) and ABA‐deficient (not) tomato plants to three continuous drought‐phases (moderate drying: day 0–21; severe drying: day 22–47 and re‐watering: day ...
plantadaptation, etc ; homeostasis; microRNA; orthophosphates; phosphorus; phosphotransferases (kinases); plant growth; reproduction; soil; solubility; starvation; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and reproduction. Plants preferentially absorb P as orthophosphate (Pi), an ion that displays low solubility and that is readily fixed in the soil, making P limitation a condition common to many soils and Pi fertilization an inefficient practice. To cope with Pi limitation, plants have evolved a series of developmental and physiological resp ...
plantadaptation, etc ; Amaranthaceae; Artemisia; Limonium; Tamaricaceae; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; halophytes; permeability; salt tolerance; stigmasterol; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sterols (STs) have a key role in regulating the fluidity and permeability of membranes in plants (phytosterols) that have wide structural diversity. We studied the effect of structural STs diversity on salt tolerance in halophytes. Specifically, we used gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), including two-dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCxGC–MS), to assess the STs composi ...
plantadaptation, etc ; alpine meadows; atmospheric precipitation; climate change; environment; forbs; nitrogen; pH; phosphorus; soil; China; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Identifying ecological strategies based on functional traits can help us better understand plants' adaptations and changes in ecological processes, and thus predict the impact of climate change on ecosystems, especially in the vulnerable alpine grasslands. Herein, we investigated the plant CSR strategies of four grassland types (alpine meadows, AM; alpine meadow steppes, AMS; alpine steppes, AS; a ...
plantadaptation, etc ; Arabidopsis; ceramides; cotton; inositols; lipidomics; salinity; salt stress; salt tolerance; soil salinization; stress tolerance; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sphingolipids are major structural components of membrane and active signaling molecules and play an important role in plant developmental processes and stress responses. As land salinization has increased globally, salinity has compromised the growth and productivity of crops such as cotton. Understanding the mechanisms of plant adaptation to salt stress is essential for breeding salt-tolerant cr ...
... Short crop height is the preferred breeding trait since there is a positive correlation between lodging resistance and a crop yield increase. Alternative splicing can alter transcriptome diversity and contribute to plant adaptation to environmental stress. We characterized the transcriptomes obtained from dwarf and normal soybean lines derived from a cross of Glycine max var. Peking (G. max) and G ...
... PREMISE: Maternal effects have been demonstrated to affect offspring performance in many organisms, and in plants, seeds are important mediators of these effects. Some woody plant species maintain long‐lasting canopy seed banks as an adaptation to wildfires. Importantly, these seeds stored in serotinous cones are produced by the mother plant under varying ontogenetic and physiological conditions. ...
plantadaptation, etc ; Corymbia citriodora; abiotic stress; climate change; domestication; germplasm; mortality; new taxa; tree and stand measurements; Brazil; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The potential effects of climate change plus the expansion of eucalypt plantations to less favorable sites, beyond those where they are currently planted, requires exploring novel eucalypt germplasm to identify taxa less vulnerable to biotic and abiotic stress. To improve plant adaptation to new environments, the first step is breeding programs and/or forming base populations of new and different ...
plantadaptation, etc ; auxins; chlorophyll; crop production; drought; gene expression; plant growth; salinity; salt stress; sugar content; water stress; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Salinity and drought stresses affect plant growth worldwide and limit crop production. Auxin is crucial in regulating plants' salinity and drought stress adaptative response. As a chemical messenger, auxin influences gene expression through a family of functionally distinct transcription factors, the DNA‐binding AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORS (ARFs). Various studies have revealed the important roles of AR ...
... Leaf nutrient composition and stoichiometry reflect complex interactions of the plant with its environment and are useful traits to explore ecological processes and relationships. In the present study, the foliar elemental compositions of two common Mediterranean woody species, the evergreen broad-leaved Quercus ilex and the coniferous Pinus pinaster growing in an area of Central Italy known for g ...
plantadaptation, etc ; climate change; cold; dormancy; habitats; seed germination; seed morphology; seed weight; seedling emergence; soil water content; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Seed dormancy-break via cold stratification is of fundamental importance for plant adaptation to environmental conditions and response to climate change through timing germination, seedling emergence and consequently community dynamics. Although cold stratification requirements for dormancy break vary among species, it is not known if this variation is determined by the enviro ...
plantadaptation, etc ; acclimation; chemometrics; data collection; greenhouses; irrigated farming; models; prediction; salt stress; spectral analysis; spectroscopy; tomatoes; water salinity; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Water salinity is a widespread agricultural hazard that affects approximately 20% of irrigated land, causing a significant yield reduction in crops. Stress coping mechanisms by plants were thoroughly examined but understanding of plant adaptation and acclimation is still lacking and is often species- and variety-specific. Presently, the biochemical and physiological methods that are used to assess ...
... It is well known that AM symbiosis provides several ecosystem services leading to plant adaptation in different environmental conditions and positively affects physiological and production features. Although beneficial effects from grapevine and AM fungi interactions have been reported, the impact on growth-defence tradeoff features has still to be elucidated. In this study, the potential benefits ...
plantadaptation, etc ; Brassica; Japan; Pieris napi; Pieris rapae; allergens; butterflies; chemical defenses; digestive system; host plants; plant communities; species diversity; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Herbivorous insects have evolved counteradaptations to overcome the chemical defences of their host plants. Several of these counteradaptations have been elucidated at the molecular level, in particular for insects specialized on cruciferous host plants. While the importance of these counteradaptations for host plant colonization is well established, little is known about their microevolutionary d ...