PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Subject "population density" Remove constraint Subject: "population density"
Start Over

Search

13,525  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 13,525 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Meta-community selection favours reciprocal cooperation but depresses exploitation between competitors

Author:
Yan, Chuan; Zhang, Zhibin
Source:
Ecological complexity 2019 v.37 pp. 55-62
ISSN:
1476-945X
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; mutualism; selection pressure;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The evolution of cooperation and mutualism has mainly been explored through individual- and group-level processes. However, community-level processes could also impose selection pressure on species interactions. By using a dome-shaped nonmonotonic interaction (DS interaction) with cooperation at low-density and competition at high-density, we studied how cooperation and exploitation are selected a ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecocom.2018.11.001

2. Risk pump in Gerbillus pyramidum: quality of poor habitats increases with more conspecifics

Author:
Menezes, Jorge F.S.; Kotler, Burt P.; Dixon, Austin K.
Source:
Ethology, ecology & evolution 2019 v.31 no.2 pp. 140-154
ISSN:
1828-7131
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; Gerbillus; gerbils; habitats; predation; risk;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Reducing predation risk is fundamental to many animals. Among those, social animals are studied for one type of anti-predator defense. They aggregate in certain habitats to dilute risk, share vigilance, defend each other, and reduce their chances of being attacked. However, this tendency is not necessarily unique: solitary animals may also benefit from the presence of conspecifics. Thus, we hypoth ...
DOI:
10.1080/03949370.2018.1521873

3. Correction to: Impact of Armored Shorelines on Shore-Zone Fish Density in a Mid-Atlantic, USA, Estuary: Modulation by Hypoxia and Temperature

Author:
Balouskus, Richard G.; Targett, Timothy E.
Source:
Estuaries and coasts 2019 v.42 no.3 pp. 904
ISSN:
1559-2723
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; anaerobic conditions; estuaries; fish; shorelines; temperature; United States;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The article Impact of Armored Shorelines on Shore-Zone Fish Density in a Mid-Atlantic, USA, Estuary: Modulation by Hypoxia and Temperature, written by Richard G. Balousku and Timothy E. Targett ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12237-018-00497-8

4. Urban expansion simulation and scenario prediction using cellular automata: comparison between individual and multiple influencing factors

Author:
Feng, Yongjiu; Wang, Jiafeng; Tong, Xiaohua; Shafizadeh-Moghadam, Hossein; Cai, Zongbo; Chen, Shurui; Lei, Zhenkun; Gao, Chen
Source:
Environmental monitoring and assessment 2019 v.191 no.5 pp. 291
ISSN:
0167-6369
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; algorithms; landscapes; models; prediction; urbanization; China;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Quantifying the contribution of driving factors is crucial to urban expansion modeling based on cellular automata (CA). The objective of this study is to compare individual-factor-based (IFB) models and multi-factor-based (MFB) models as well as examine the impacts of each factor on future urban scenarios. We quantified the contribution of driving factors using a generalized additive model (GAM), ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10661-019-7451-y

5. The limits to population density in birds and mammals

Author:
Stephens, Philip A.; Vieira, Marcus V.; Willis, Stephen G.; Carbone, Chris
Source:
Ecology letters 2019 v.22 no.4 pp. 654-663
ISSN:
1461-023X
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; birds; carnivores; energy; herbivores; mammals; models; omnivores; wildlife;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... We address two fundamental ecological questions: what are the limits to animal population density and what determines those limits? We develop simple alternative models to predict population limits in relation to body mass. A model assuming that within‐species area use increases with the square of daily travel distance broadly predicts the scaling of empirical extremes of minimum density across bi ...
DOI:
10.1111/ele.13227

6. Comparisons of population density and genetic diversity in artificial and wild populations of an arborescent coral, Acropora yongei: implications for the efficacy of “artificial spawning hotspots”

Author:
Zayasu, Yuna; Suzuki, Go
Source:
Restoration ecology 2019 v.27 no.2 pp. 440-446
ISSN:
1061-2971
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; Acropora; adults; clones; corals; genetic variation; larvae; spawning;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... We are developing techniques to restore coral populations by enhancing larval supply using “artificial spawning hotspots” that aggregate conspecific adult corals. However, no data were available regarding how natural larval supply from wild coral populations is influenced by fertilization rate and how this is in turn affected by local population density and genetic diversity. Therefore, we assesse ...
DOI:
10.1111/rec.12857

7. Non‐circular home ranges and the estimation of population density

Author:
Efford, M. G.
Source:
Ecology 2019 v.100 no.2 pp. e02580
ISSN:
0012-9658
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; animals; detectors; home range; isotropy; models; probability;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spatially explicit capture–recapture (SECR) models have emerged as one solution to the problem of estimating the population density of mobile and cryptic animals. Spatial models embody assumptions regarding the spatial distribution of individuals and the spatial detection process. The detection process is modeled in SECR as a radial decline in detection probability with distance from the activity ...
DOI:
10.1002/ecy.2580

8. A critique for eco‐evolutionary dynamics

Author:
Hendry, Andrew P.
Source:
Functional ecology 2019 v.33 no.1 pp. 84-94
ISSN:
0269-8463
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; ecosystems; genetic variation; natural selection; research programs;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... A growing body of empirical work supports and informs the role of genetic variation and contemporary evolution in shaping ecological dynamics at the population, community and ecosystem levels. Although much progress has been made, I contend that reliance on several common empirical and inferential approaches is limiting forward progress in key areas, which leads me to several suggestions. More stu ...
DOI:
10.1111/1365-2435.13244

9. Complexity in a prey-predator model with prey refuge and diffusion

Author:
Chakraborty, Bhaskar; Bairagi, Nandadulal
Source:
Ecological complexity 2019 v.37 pp. 11-23
ISSN:
1476-945X
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; differential equation; diffusivity; ecosystems; models; predator-prey relationships;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Prey-predator interaction is one of the most commonly observed relationships in ecosystem. In the study of prey-predator models, it is frequently assumed that the changes in population densities are only time-dependent and the dynamics is generally represented by coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. In natural system, however, either prey or predator or both move from one place to an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecocom.2018.10.004

10. Persistent shocks to urban density: Evidence from the Berlin air raids

Author:
Kappner, Kalle
Source:
Economics letters 2018 v.168 pp. 37-41
ISSN:
0165-1765
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; air; buildings; economics;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Temporary shocks can have persistent effects on the distribution of economic activity across urban space, suggesting considerable “stickiness” in adjustment to spatial equilibrium. I examine the long-run effect of World War II air raids on Berlin’s contemporary population density profile, exploiting random variation in the extent of damage caused at the scale of street blocks, while controlling fo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.econlet.2018.03.038

11. Spatial hot spots and clusters of bioenergy combined with socio-economic analysis in Switzerland

Author:
Mohr, Lukas; Burg, Vanessa; Thees, Oliver; Trutnevyte, Evelina
Source:
Renewable energy 2019 v.140 pp. 840-851
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; bioenergy; cold; forests; household income; politics; socioeconomics; wood; Alps region; Switzerland;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... A fast and effective uptake of bioenergy can be fostered by identifying regions where both the resources availability and socio-economic contexts are suitable. This paper uses cluster and hot spot analysis on the spatially-explicit data of bioenergy potential in 2294 Swiss municipalities. The identified clusters, hot spots and cold spots of municipalities in terms of bioenergy are then assessed fo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.093

12. Monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of poor counties in China: Implications for global sustainable development goals

Author:
Li, Guie; Chang, Liyun; Liu, Xiaojian; Su, Shiliang; Cai, Zhongliang; Huang, Xinran; Li, Bozhao
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.227 pp. 392-404
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; cities; developing countries; humans; issues and policy; monitoring; poverty; satellites; sustainable development; China;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Poverty remains one of the long-term chronic dilemmas facing the sustainable development of human society during the 21st century. The spatiotemporal dynamics of poor regions, particularly in developing countries, is crucial for realizing fundamental sustainable development goals (SDGs). For decades, many scholars have sought to accurately measure, identify and alleviate poverty at different geogr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.135

13. What causes inequality in Material Productivity between countries?

Author:
Fernández-Herrero, Laura; Duro, Juan Antonio
Source:
Ecological economics 2019 v.162 pp. 1-16
ISSN:
0921-8009
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; issues and policy; models; natural resources; raw materials; socioeconomic factors; trade;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Material productivity (MP) is a sustainability indicator that measures usage efficiency for raw materials. The use of natural resources has grown steeply since the Industrial Revolution and this growth has even accelerated in recent decades. It has thus become critical to monitor the intensity of natural resource usage when producing intermediate or final goods. Discovering which socio-economic va ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.04.007

14. Economic and environmental efficiency of UK and Ireland water companies: Influence of exogenous factors and rurality

Author:
Walker, Nathan L.; Norton, Andrew; Harris, Ian; Williams, A. Prysor; Styles, David
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2019 v.241 pp. 363-373
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; business enterprises; carbon; infrastructure; sewage; sewage treatment; Ireland; United Kingdom;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... For water companies, benchmarking their performance relative to other companies can be an effective way to identify the scope for efficiency gains to be made through infrastructure investment and operational improvements. However, a key limitation to benchmarking is the confounding effect of exogenous factors, which may not be factored in to benchmarking methodologies. The purpose of this study wa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.093

15. Towards sustainability? Analyzing changing urban form patterns in the United States, Europe, and China

Author:
Dong, Ting; Jiao, Limin; Xu, Gang; Yang, Lvyue; Liu, Jiafeng
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.671 pp. 632-643
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; cities; sustainable development; urban planning; urbanization; China; Europe; United States;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Urban form characterizes the spatial structure of fixed elements within a city, which affects daily life and has significant influence on environmental sustainability. Measuring the spatiotemporal characteristics of an urban form and its relationship with sustainable development is the basis of urban planning. Taking 27 large cities in the United States, Europe and China as examples, we developed ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.269

16. Coastal vulnerability analysis of Bangladesh coast using fuzzy logic based geospatial techniques

Author:
Mullick, Md. Reaz Akter; Tanim, A.H.; Islam, S M Samiul
Source:
Ocean & coastal management 2019 v.174 pp. 154-169
ISSN:
0964-5691
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; coastal zone management; coasts; fuzzy logic; hurricanes; mangrove forests; sea level; socioeconomics; uncertainty; Bangladesh;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bangladesh coast is recognized as one of the hotspots of several coastal hazards like coastal flood, sea level rise, increased tropical cyclone occurrence etc. To understand the problem followed by necessary coastal management recommendation, an integrated coastal vulnerability index i.e., Composite Vulnerability Index (CVI) was developed for the coastal region applying geospatial technique. Three ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.03.010

17. Spatial analysis of landscape and sociodemographic factors associated with green stormwater infrastructure distribution in Baltimore, Maryland and Portland, Oregon

Author:
Baker, Ashley; Brenneman, Emma; Chang, Heejun; McPhillips, Lauren; Matsler, Marissa
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.664 pp. 461-473
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; cities; green infrastructure; income; landscapes; models; regression analysis; sociodemographic characteristics; soil; stormwater; Maryland; Oregon;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study explores the spatial distribution of green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) relative to sociodemographic and landscape characteristics in Portland, OR, and Baltimore, MD, USA at census block group (CBG) and census tract scales. GSI density is clustered in Portland, while it is randomly distributed over space in Baltimore. Variables that exhibit relationships with GSI density are varied o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.417

18. Deep built-structure counting in satellite imagery using attention based re-weighting

Author:
Shakeel, Anza; Sultani, Waqas; Ali, Mohsen
Source:
ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing 2019 v.151 pp. 313-321
ISSN:
0924-2716
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; buildings; data collection; environmental impact; remote sensing; urban areas; Africa; Asia; Europe; North America;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this paper, we attempt to address the challenging problem of counting built-structures in the satellite imagery. Building density is a more accurate estimate of the population density, urban area expansion and its impact on the environment, than the built-up area segmentation. However, building shape variances, overlapping boundaries, and variant densities make this a complex task. To tackle th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.03.014

19. Sampling design and analytical advances allow for simultaneous density estimation of seven sympatric carnivore species from camera trap data

Author:
Rich, Lindsey N.; Miller, David A.W.; Muñoz, David J.; Robinson, Hugh S.; McNutt, J. Weldon; Kelly, Marcella J.
Source:
Biological conservation 2019 v.233 pp. 12-20
ISSN:
0006-3207
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; Felidae; Proteles cristata; Viverridae; cameras; carnivores; dogs; models; sympatry; wildlife; Botswana;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Population density is a fundamental parameter needed to assess wildlife populations but is difficult to obtain given species are often wide-ranging and elusive. Photographic capture-recapture techniques do not require direct observations and thus, have become a common approach for estimating wildlife densities. To date, however, these studies have typically focused on single species. Our research ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biocon.2019.02.018

20. Spatial econometric analysis of carbon emission intensity in Chinese provinces from the perspective of innovation-driven

Author:
Liang, Song; Zhao, Jingfeng; He, Shumin; Xu, Qingqing; Ma, Xin
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2019 v.26 no.14 pp. 13878-13895
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
population density,   etc   ; carbon; econometrics; emissions factor; energy; foreign direct investment; markets; models; statistics; technology; urbanization; China;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study estimates the carbon emission intensity of China’s provinces during the period from 2000 to 2015. First, the temporal and spatial pattern evolution of China’s carbon emission intensity was analyzed using spatial statistics. Then, from an innovation-driven perspective, combining the data of innovative technologies and scale factors to construct a spatial panel model to explore the main i ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-019-04131-3