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progeny, etc ; Danio rerio; adults; bioaccumulation; brain; chemical analysis; flame retardants; histopathology; humans; liver; pollution; toxicity; transcription (genetics); China; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many environmental contaminants could be transmitted from parents and generate impairments to their progeny. The 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP), a novel brominated flame retardant which has been frequently detected in various organisms, was supposed to be bioaccumulated and intergenerational transmitted in human beings. Previous studies revealed that TBP could disrupt thyroid endocrine system in zebra ...
progeny, etc ; Acrocephalus; Cuculus canorus; parasitism; research; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Brood parasites, such as the Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) rely on manipulating hosts from other species to raise their offspring. Selection should favor individuals that are able to identify and choose host nests that closely match the incubation stage of their own eggs. While intuitive, and supported by the findings of numerous long-term monitoring studies, experimental evidence of this remain ...
progeny, etc ; ecology; meta-analysis; sexual dimorphism; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Inbreeding depression, the reduced fitness of the offspring of related individuals, can affect males and females differently. Although a comprehensive theoretical framework describing the causes of sex‐specific inbreeding depression is lacking, empirical evidence suggests that often one sex tends to be more vulnerable than the other. However, the generality, direction, and degree of sex‐specific d ...
progeny, etc ; Loa; animal genetics; genes; mutation; phenotype; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Several genetic variants have been shown to affect the mean number of offspring in different sheep breeds. Here, we analyzed samples from Icelandic sheep with the aim of identifying the genetic cause of the Icelandic Loa phenotype using three previously identified prolificacy genes as candidates. We demonstrate that a 4‐bp frameshift deletion positioned in the mature region of the GDF9 protein in ...
progeny, etc ; infrastructure; sugar industry; sugarcane; sugars; Australia; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sugarcane is an important crop to the Australian economy, and the plant breeding program has contributed significantly to the success of the sugarcane industry. Currently, the Australian sugarcane breeding program is conducted at 6 research stations by Sugar Research Australia in collaboration with Wilmar Sugar. Crossing is mainly conducted in Meringa, whereas selection is carried out at 6 differe ...
progeny, etc ; Elasmobranchii; chromium; embryogenesis; marine pollution; yolk sac; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study aimed to assess the maternal offloading of metals in the Brazilian guitarfishPseudobatos horkelii through determining essential (Cr, Cu, Fe) and non-essential (Cd, Hg, Pb) metal concentrations along two generations of this species: pregnant females and offspring. The maximum transfer capacity (ECER) and offspring/mother ratio were calculated to estimate the extent of offloading, as well ...
progeny, etc ; Panax quinquefolius; germination; population growth; temperature; understory; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... As climates change, species with locally adapted populations may be particularly vulnerable as specialization narrows the range of conditions under which populations can persist. Populations adapted to local climate as well as other site‐specific characteristics like soils present challenges for inferring how changing climates affect fitness, as climatic and nonclimatic variables that constitute l ...
progeny, etc ; Passeriformes; juveniles; nests; predation; radio telemetry; songbirds; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spatial dispersion and movement behaviour of siblings vary across animal taxa and can affect fitness. The factors underlying why species differ in movement behaviour of young and why some species form family groups while other species have dispersed young have rarely been addressed. We tested a hypothesis that siblings should be more dispersed in space and move less in species that have offspring ...
progeny, etc ; Anura; cognition; mortality; risk; sample size; sociobiology; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Parental care directly affects the fitness of individuals because it increases the probability of offspring survival. Therefore, it is expected that parents be particularly motivated to return (i.e., exhibit homing behavior) and resume care if they are moved away from offspring by disturbances. Yet, despite several studies on the behavioral ecology of homing in vertebrates, aspects underlying the ...
progeny, etc ; coevolution; embryogenesis; epigenetics; genome; ovipary; predation; sociobiology; temperature; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Viviparity has evolved from oviparity approximately 142 times among vertebrates. Different theories have been proposed to explain the evolution of each of its traits in the different taxa. None, however, is applicable to all the viviparous vertebrates, since the derived ecological advantages such as controlling incubating temperature or protecting eggs against predation differ amongst clades. Most ...
progeny, etc ; Felis; alleles; case studies; databases; heterozygosity; homozygosity; pedigree; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The current hypothesis, along with the opinion of the breeders, is that a cat with two copies of the white spotting allele (SS) has white on more than half of its body, while a cat with only one copy (Ss) has white on less than half of its body. The present study was based on the analysis of two large pedigree databases of Siberian cats (23,905 individuals in PawPeds and 21,650 individuals in Feli ...
progeny, etc ; Singapore; animal behavior; females; reproduction; urban areas; India; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Smooth‐coated otters (Lutrogale perspicillata) inhabit waterways of India and Singapore. Smooth‐coated otters typically live in family groups, or “romps,” consisting of a single mating pair with adult‐sized, nonbreeding offspring. We note here the presence of multiple reproductive female otters within some romps, as well as the possible existence of simultaneous litters by different mothers. This ...
progeny, etc ; Antigone; Grus japonensis; Russia; confidence interval; conservation areas; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Red-crowned Grus japonensis (IUCN status: Endangered) and White-naped Antigone vipio (IUCN status: Vulnerable) cranes are both rare, with wild populations of ∼3,000 and ∼6,000 individuals, respectively. Since 1991, the Rare Bird Reintroduction Station at the Khingansky State Nature Reserve, Russia, has been rearing and reintroducing chicks of both species to bolster wild populations. The station u ...
progeny, etc ; Mendelian inheritance; juveniles; loci; pears; transgenes; vigor; weather; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Breeding woody plants is a very time-consuming process, and genetic engineering tools have been used to shorten the juvenile phase. In addition, transgenic trees for commercial cultivation can also be used in classical breeding, but the segregation of transgenes in the progeny of perennial plants, as well as the possible appearance of unintended changes, have been poorly investigated. We studied t ...
progeny, etc ; Aenasius; females; introduced species; longevity; parasitism; parasitoids; tibia; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The absence of natural enemies in newly invaded areas is a key factor in the successful invasion of alien species. Whether a specific parasitoid can be domesticated to attack a nonnatural host that has no reported parasitic enemies in invasive areas remains unclear. Here, we analyzed two invasive mealybugs (PSS-Phenacoccus solenopsis and PSI-Phenacoccus solani) and a specific parasitoid of P. sole ...
progeny, etc ; adults; biochemistry; ecology; hematocrit; islands; reproductive success; Georgia; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Reproduction, and parental care in particular, are among the most energy-demanding activities within the annual cycle of adult birds. Parents that cannot meet the metabolic demands and other physiological costs of raising offspring may opt to abandon chicks in favour of self-maintenance and future reproduction. Recent work examining reproductive trade-offs in birds revealed an important role of ox ...
progeny, etc ; Aegithalos; birds; decision making; kinship; nests; predation; sociobiology; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cooperative breeding sometimes occurs when adult breeders form groups following natal dispersal and mating. In such cases, individuals typically face a choice of social partner with whom to cooperate. Selecting appropriate social partners is crucial to maximising the fitness payoffs from cooperation, but our understanding of the criteria guiding partner choice is limited. Here, we analyse helping ...
progeny, etc ; forest pests; host range; hybrids; wastes; Nova Scotia; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... AbstractTetropium fuscum (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a Eurasian longhorn beetle and forest pest that first became invasive to Nova Scotia, Canada around 1990. In the time since its introduction, T. fuscum has spread only about 150 km from its point of introduction. In its invasive range, T. fuscum co-exists with its congener Tetropium cinnamopterum. Although they are ecologically similar specie ...
progeny, etc ; Tribolium castaneum; adulthood; adults; pests; pupation; reproduction; starvation; temperature; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Whereas the vast majority of animals in nature experience daily or seasonal thermal fluctuations, most laboratory experiments use constant temperatures. We examined the effect of fluctuating temperatures on reproduction and survival under starvation, two important components of fitness. We used the red flour beetle as a model organism, which is a significant pest in grain mills around the world. F ...
Lacey K. Quail; Ronald D. Randel; Thomas H. Welsh; Robert A. Cushman; Hannah K. Yake; Rui A. d′Orey Branco; Donald A. Neuendorff; Charles R. Long; George A. Perry
progeny, etc ; Brahman; glucocorticoids; histology; ovarian follicles; pregnancy; transportation; ultrasonics; ultrasonography; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... As prenatal transportation stress altered behavior and adrenal glucocorticoid secretion of calves, we hypothesized that prenatal transportation stress would decrease ovarian reserve size and negatively impact female offspring fertility. The impact of prenatal transportation stress on ovarian follicle numbers in female offspring for three generations was studied. Brahman cows were transported for 2 ...