PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Subject "raw materials" Remove constraint Subject: "raw materials"
Start Over

Search

8,854  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 8,854 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. Functional differentiation and possible regional specialisation of the Vinča culture settlements: Viewpoint from osseous and lithic industries

Author:
Vitezović, Selena; Antonović, Dragana
Source:
Quaternary international 2018
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; industry; Greece;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Late Neolithic/Early Eneolithic Vinča culture is marked by permanent, long-living settlements, increased production of different craft goods and early metallurgical activities. Economic activities were rich and diverse, and included not only strictly subsistence related ones, but also production of luxurious, prestige, “special” objects, such as figurines, personal ornaments, and many more. Furthe ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2018.12.029

2. A comprehensive review of techniques for natural fibers as reinforcement in composites: Preparation, processing and characterization

Author:
M.R., Sanjay; Siengchin, Suchart; Parameswaranpillai, Jyotishkumar; Jawaid, Mohammad; Pruncu, Catalin Iulian; Khan, Anish
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2019 v.207 pp. 108-121
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; dew; natural resources; plant fibers; researchers; retting; surveys;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Designing environmentally friendly materials from natural resources represents a great challenge in the last decade. However, the lack of fundamental knowledge in the processing of the raw materials to fabricate the composites structure is still a major challenge for potential applications.Natural fibers extracted from plants are receiving more attention from researchers, scientists and academics ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.083

3. Comparison of three processing methods for laminated bamboo timber production

Author:
Bakar, Edi Suhaimi; Nazip, Muhammad Nadzim Mohd; Anokye, Rogerson; Seng Hua, Lee
Source:
Journal of forestry research 2019 v.30 no.1 pp. 363-369
ISSN:
1007-662X
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; Gigantochloa; bamboos; processing time; prototypes; timber production;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Three processing techniques, split-squaring (SS), V-grooving (VG), and split-edging (SE), were evaluated and compared in terms of their processing time and recovery. Semantan bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii Gamble) was used as a raw material and the results showed that the VG-method required the longest processing time (32.1 min), followed by the SS-method (18.2 min), and the SE-method (17.9 min ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11676-018-0629-2

4. Carbon footprint considerations for biocomposite materials for sustainable products: A review

Author:
Correa, Juan P.; Montalvo-Navarrete, Juan M.; Hidalgo-Salazar, Miguel A.
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.208 pp. 785-794
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; biocomposites; carbon; carbon footprint; environmental performance;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bio-based materials have emerged in the last years as an attractive alternative for sustainable products elaboration. Nevertheless the environmental performance of these materials should be quantified through representative and reliable indicators. This study provides a bibliographic review of the environmental considerations regarding bio-based materials. It scope was focused on bio composites as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.099

5. Approaching raw material functionality in the Upper Magdalenian of Coímbre cave (Asturias, Spain) through geometric morphometrics

Author:
Yravedra, José; Maté-González, Miguel Ángel; Courtenay, Lloyd A.; López-Cisneros, Pablo; Estaca-Gómez, Verónica; Aramendi, Julia; de Andrés-Herrero, María; Linares-Matás, Gonzalo; Aguilera, Diego González; Álvarez-Alonso, David
Source:
Quaternary international 2019
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; blades; flaking; geometry; morphometry; photogrammetry; quartzite; statistics; Spain;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Coímbre cave (Peñamellera Alta, Asturias) is an Upper Palaeolithic site in Northern Spain, spanning an occupation sequence from the Gravettian to the Magdalenian periods. The upper layers -layer I and II-, corresponding to the Upper Magdalenian, register the highest intensity of human activity. In this paper, we analyse raw material functionality at the site through the study of cut-marks found on ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2019.01.008

6. Late Pleistocene Neanderthal occupation of Western Mani: The evidence from the Middle Palaeolithic assemblages of Mavri Spilia

Author:
Garefalakis, Charalampos; Panagopoulou, Eleni; Harvati, Katerina
Source:
Quaternary international 2018 v.497 pp. 4-13
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; paleontology; scrapers; Greece;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper presents the results of the analysis of the lithics from the Palaeolithic layers of Mavri Spilia, excavated during the field season of 2013. For the most part, these lithic assemblages were associated with hearth formations, both at the back and at the entrance of the cave. A wide range of raw materials both local and non-local was used, most likely in the form of pebbles. Evidence poin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2017.12.049

7. The Green ChemisTREE: 20 years after taking root with the 12 principles

Author:
Erythropel, Hanno C.; Zimmerman, Julie B.; de Winter, Tamara M.; Petitjean, Laurène; Melnikov, Fjodor; Lam, Chun Ho; Lounsbury, Amanda W.; Mellor, Karolina E.; Janković, Nina Z.; Tu, Qingshi; Pincus, Lauren N.; Falinski, Mark M.; Shi, Wenbo; Coish, Philip; Plata, Desirée L.; Anastas, Paul T.
Source:
Green chemistry 2018 v.20 no.9 pp. 1929-1961
ISSN:
1463-9270
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; green chemistry; leaves;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The field of Green Chemistry has seen many scientific discoveries and inventions during the 20 years since the 12 Principles were first published. Inspired by tree diagrams that illustrate diversity of products stemming from raw materials, we present here the Green ChemisTREE as a showcase for the diversity of research and achievements stemming from Green Chemistry. Each branch of the Green Chemis ...
DOI:
10.1039/c8gc00482j

8. Fabrication and Thermoelectric Properties of n-Type CoSb2.85Te0.15 Using Selective Laser Melting

Author:
Yan, Yonggao; Ke, Hongquan; Yang, Jihui; Uher, Ctirad; Tang, Xinfeng
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2018 v.10 no.16 pp. 13669-13674
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; energy efficiency; melting;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report a nonequilibrium fabrication method of n-type CoSb₂.₈₅Te₀.₁₅ skutterudites using selective laser melting (SLM) technology. A powder of CoSb₂.₈₅Te₀.₁₅ was prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and served as the raw material for the SLM process. The effect of SLM processing parameters such as the laser power and scanning speed on the quality of the forming CoSb₂.₈₅T ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.8b01564

9. Assessment of phthalate ester residues and distribution patterns in Baijiu raw materials and Baijiu

Author:
Dong, Wei; Guo, Ruonan; Sun, Xiaotao; Li, Hehe; Zhao, Mouming; Zheng, Fuping; Sun, Jinyuan; Huang, Mingquan; Wu, Jihong
Source:
Food chemistry 2019 v.283 pp. 508-516
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; distillates; distillation; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; human health; microextraction; multivariate analysis; phthalates;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Phthalate esters (PAEs) are harmful to human health and have been repeatedly identified in Baijiu samples. In our study, the distribution and degradation characteristics of 14 PAEs in Baijiu raw materials (BRMs) and Baijiu during distillation were detected using QuEChERS or vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced-emulsification liquid–liquid micro-extraction (VSLLME) methods coupled with gas chromatog ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.069

10. The adsorption, regeneration and engineering applications of biochar for removal organic pollutants: A review

Author:
Dai, Yingjie; Zhang, Naixin; Xing, Chuanming; Cui, Qingxia; Sun, Qiya
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.223 pp. 12-27
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; adsorption; biochar; economic sustainability; engineering; industry; pollutants; pollution; pollution control; wastes;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... In recent years, with the continuous development of industry and agriculture, the content of organic pollutants in the environment has been increasing, which has caused serious pollution to the environment. Adsorption has proven to be an effective and economically viable method of removing organic contaminants. Since biochar has many advantages such as various types of raw materials, low cost, and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.161

11. Process to utilize crushed steel slag in cement industry directly: Multi-phased clinker sintering technology

Author:
Cao, Liu; Shen, Weiguo; Huang, Jiaqi; Yang, Yi; Zhang, Di; Huang, Xiaoqing; Lv, Zhenjie; Ji, Xiaoli
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.217 pp. 520-529
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; cement; ferrimagnetic materials; grinding; heat treatment; industry; iron; slags; steel;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... To improve the utilization efficiency of steel slag in cement industry, cement clinkers are prepared by simulated multi-phased clinker sintering technology with crushed steel slag (without grinding). The results show that after high temperature treatment, the inert components and tough phases of steel slag such as iron phase, calcium ferrite phase and RO phase (CaOFeOMnOMgO solid solution) are red ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.260

12. A novel utilization of Bayer red mud through co-reduction with a limonitic laterite ore to prepare ferronickel

Author:
Wang, Xiaoping; Sun, Tichang; Wu, Shichao; Chen, Chao; Kou, Jue; Xu, Chengyan
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.216 pp. 33-41
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; calcium; ferrous alloys; iron; laterites; magnetic separation; nickel; sodium; wastes;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The large-scale utilization problem of red mud remains a challenge. During the reduction of laterite ores to prepare ferronickel product, sodium or calcium salt usually needs to be added, but it would increase the raw material cost. Thus, the feasibility of co-reduction followed by magnetic separation of strong alkaline waste red mud and a limonitic laterite ore to prepare ferronickel was investig ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.176

13. A comprehensive evaluation method for sludge pyrolysis and adsorption process in the treatment of coking wastewater

Author:
Zhou, Hongtao; Wei, Chaohai; Zhang, Fengzhen; Hu, Yun; Wu, Haizhen; Kraslawski, Andrzej
Source:
Journal of environmental management 2019 v.235 pp. 423-431
ISSN:
0301-4797
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; adsorption; biochar; carbon; energy; energy conservation; industrial wastewater; pyrolysis; recycling; sludge; temperature; wastewater treatment;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study proposes a new evaluation method based on expert scoring and data normalization to optimize operational conditions of sludge pyrolysis and assess the comprehensive benefits of the adsorption process in coking wastewater treatment. Pyrolysis temperature, holding time and heating rate were considered as the experimental parameters in sludge pyrolysis. They were optimized by the proposed m ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.093

14. Furanic biofuels production from biomass using Cu-based heterogeneous catalysts

Author:
Viar, Nerea; Requies, Jesús M.; Agirre, Ion; Iriondo, Aitziber; Arias, Pedro L.
Source:
Energy 2019 v.172 pp. 531-544
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; biofuels; biomass; biorefining; butanol; catalysts; copper; energy; fuel production; gasoline; hydroxymethylfurfural; texture; transportation;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biorefineries can be a good alternative to cover the current needs of energy, such as transportation fuels and also fine chemicals. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) can be obtained directly from biomass, and it is considered one of the most promising intermediate for the synthesis of biofuels. In this work the production of 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) and 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran (DMTHF), two particul ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2019.01.109

15. A quick method for producing biodiesel from soy sauce residue under supercritical carbon dioxide

Author:
Xiang, Cheng; Liu, Si Yu; Fu, Yan; Chang, Jie
Source:
Renewable energy 2019 v.134 pp. 739-744
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; biodiesel; carbon dioxide; methanol; oils; particle size; porous media; soy sauce; temperature;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper proposed a novel method for the production of biodiesel from soy sauce residue under supercritical carbon dioxide for the first time. The effect of several parameters, such as the size of raw material, reaction pressure, temperature, time, and methanol/oil molar ratio were carefully optimized by single-factor experiments. The results showed that the optimized parameters were particle si ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2018.11.059

16. A review on the current developments in continuous lactic acid fermentations and case studies utilising inexpensive raw materials

Author:
López-Gómez, José Pablo; Alexandri, Maria; Schneider, Roland; Venus, Joachim
Source:
Process biochemistry 2019 v.79 pp. 1-10
ISSN:
1359-5113
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; case studies; hydrolysates; lactic acid; molasses; rapeseed meal; recycling; starch; tapioca; whey;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The numerous applications of lactic acid have made it one of the most important platform chemicals and, for many years, its biotechnological production has been the topic of intensive research. Currently, most of the lactic acid is manufactured in batch mode; however, continuous mode could offer various advantages, especially in terms of productivity. This review provides a summary of the most rec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.procbio.2018.12.012

17. Investigating chemical, physical and mechanical properties of eco-cement produced using dry sewage sludge and traditional raw materials

Author:
Rezaee, Fahimeh; Danesh, Shahnaz; Tavakkolizadeh, Mohammadreza; Mohammadi-Khatami, Mohammad
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.214 pp. 749-757
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; cement; chemical composition; durability; fineness; mechanical properties; sewage sludge; specific gravity;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work was performed to investigate the effect of using dry municipal sewage sludge as one of the raw materials in Portland cement production on the mechanical and durability properties of an environmentally sustainable cement (eco-cement). The specimens were prepared as one control and four different replacement level of dry sewage sludge as partial substitute of traditional raw materials (5.0 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.153

18. A paper sizing agent based on leather collagen hydrolysates modified by glycol diglycidyl ether and its compound performance

Author:
Wang, Xuechuan; Chen, Ke; Li, Wei; Hao, Dongyan; Guo, Peiying
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2019 v.124 pp. 1205-1212
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; collagen; crosslinking; emulsions; hydrolysates; leather; mechanical properties; mixing; molecular weight; paper; starch; styrene;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this research, collagen hydrolysates with different average molecular weights (Mn¯) from leather collagen were chosen as raw materials. Five environmental-friendly sizing agents (SA) were prepared by cross-linking collagen hydrolysates with glycol diglycidyl ether (GDE) and further grafting them with butyl acrylate (BA) and styrene (St). Then the compound sizing agents (SGDESA-x, x = 1, 2, 3 an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.047

19. Progress in hydrometallurgical technologies to recover critical raw materials and precious metals from low-concentrated streams

Author:
Perez, Jeffrey Paulo H.; Folens, Karel; Leus, Karen; Vanhaecke, Frank; Van Der Voort, Pascal; Du Laing, Gijs
Source:
Resources, conservation, and recycling 2019 v.142 pp. 177-188
ISSN:
0921-3449
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; adsorption; chemical composition; electrochemistry; ion exchange; metals; physicochemical properties; solvents; wastes;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Critical and precious metals are essential in many modern applications. While their natural sources are depleting, one must adapt to guarantee a reliable supply by developing new and optimizing existing techniques to recover the elements from unexplored material flows. The aquatic phase is of great meaning to this issue, as migration from solid to liquid streams is ubiquitous during industrial man ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.11.029

20. Sandwich compression of wood: effects of preheating time and moisture distribution on the formation of compressed layer(s)

Author:
Gao, Zhiqiang; Huang, Rongfeng; Chang, Jianmin; Li, Ren; Wu, Yanmei; Wang, Yanwei
Source:
European journal of wood and wood products 2019 v.77 no.2 pp. 219-227
ISSN:
0018-3768
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; Populus alba; Populus tomentosa; compressed wood; mechanical properties; relative humidity; steam; water content; wood;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wood sandwich compression technology can on the one hand effectively improve the physical and mechanical properties of low-density fast-growing wood, on the other hand it saves at least 25 vol% of raw materials (compared to the traditional wood compression technology) by controlling the position of compressed layer(s). In this study, white poplar (Populus tomentosa) lumbers were firstly soaked in ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00107-018-1377-x