PubAg

Main content area

You searched for: Subject "raw materials" Remove constraint Subject: "raw materials"
Start Over

Search

8,227  Search Results

« Previous | 1 - 20 of 8,227 |
Number of results to display per page

Search Results

1. A comprehensive review of techniques for natural fibers as reinforcement in composites: Preparation, processing and characterization

Author:
M.R., Sanjay; Siengchin, Suchart; Parameswaranpillai, Jyotishkumar; Jawaid, Mohammad; Pruncu, Catalin Iulian; Khan, Anish
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2019 v.207 pp. 108-121
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; dew; natural resources; plant fibers; researchers; retting; surveys;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Designing environmentally friendly materials from natural resources represents a great challenge in the last decade. However, the lack of fundamental knowledge in the processing of the raw materials to fabricate the composites structure is still a major challenge for potential applications.Natural fibers extracted from plants are receiving more attention from researchers, scientists and academics ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.083

2. Carbon footprint considerations for biocomposite materials for sustainable products: A review

Author:
Correa, Juan P.; Montalvo-Navarrete, Juan M.; Hidalgo-Salazar, Miguel A.
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.208 pp. 785-794
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; biocomposites; carbon; carbon footprint; environmental performance;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bio-based materials have emerged in the last years as an attractive alternative for sustainable products elaboration. Nevertheless the environmental performance of these materials should be quantified through representative and reliable indicators. This study provides a bibliographic review of the environmental considerations regarding bio-based materials. It scope was focused on bio composites as ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.099

3. Late Pleistocene Neanderthal occupation of Western Mani: The evidence from the Middle Palaeolithic assemblages of Mavri Spilia

Author:
Garefalakis, Charalampos; Panagopoulou, Eleni; Harvati, Katerina
Source:
Quaternary international 2018 v.497 pp. 4-13
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; paleontology; scrapers; Greece;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... This paper presents the results of the analysis of the lithics from the Palaeolithic layers of Mavri Spilia, excavated during the field season of 2013. For the most part, these lithic assemblages were associated with hearth formations, both at the back and at the entrance of the cave. A wide range of raw materials both local and non-local was used, most likely in the form of pebbles. Evidence poin ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2017.12.049

4. Fabrication and Thermoelectric Properties of n-Type CoSb2.85Te0.15 Using Selective Laser Melting

Author:
Yan, Yonggao; Ke, Hongquan; Yang, Jihui; Uher, Ctirad; Tang, Xinfeng
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2018 v.10 no.16 pp. 13669-13674
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; energy efficiency; melting;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... We report a nonequilibrium fabrication method of n-type CoSb₂.₈₅Te₀.₁₅ skutterudites using selective laser melting (SLM) technology. A powder of CoSb₂.₈₅Te₀.₁₅ was prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and served as the raw material for the SLM process. The effect of SLM processing parameters such as the laser power and scanning speed on the quality of the forming CoSb₂.₈₅T ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.8b01564

5. A paper sizing agent based on leather collagen hydrolysates modified by glycol diglycidyl ether and its compound performance

Author:
Wang, Xuechuan; Chen, Ke; Li, Wei; Hao, Dongyan; Guo, Peiying
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2019 v.124 pp. 1205-1212
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; collagen; crosslinking; emulsions; hydrolysates; leather; mechanical properties; mixing; molecular weight; paper; starch; styrene;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this research, collagen hydrolysates with different average molecular weights (Mn¯) from leather collagen were chosen as raw materials. Five environmental-friendly sizing agents (SA) were prepared by cross-linking collagen hydrolysates with glycol diglycidyl ether (GDE) and further grafting them with butyl acrylate (BA) and styrene (St). Then the compound sizing agents (SGDESA-x, x = 1, 2, 3 an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.047

6. Stochastic modeling of expansion of starchy melts during extrusion

Author:
Manepalli, Pavan Harshit; Mathew, John M.; Alavi, Sajid
Source:
Journal of food engineering 2019 v.245 pp. 57-64
ISSN:
0260-8774
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; Monte Carlo method; computer software; corn meal; data collection; extrusion; melting; models; stochastic processes;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objective of this study was to develop a stochastic model for flow behavior of starchy melts inside an extruder barrel and bubble growth dynamics after exiting the extruder and obtain the variability of the end product characteristics, using the variability of operating conditions (screw speed, water injection) and material properties (consistency coefficient). The model was written in Visual ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.10.005

7. An experimental and theoretical study of optimized selection and model reconstruction for ammonium nitrate pyrolysis

Author:
Cao, Hui-Qi; Jiang, Lin; Duan, Qiang-Ling; Zhang, Dan; Chen, Hao-Dong; Sun, Jin-Hua
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.364 pp. 539-547
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; accidents; activation energy; ammonium nitrate; explosives; fertilizers; kinetics; models; pyrolysis; thermogravimetry; toxic substances; transportation;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ammonium nitrate (AN) is a commonly-used industrial raw material in industrial explosives and fertilizers areas. However, as an energetic material, its danger exists during the production, transportation, and storage, resulting in a large number of accidents involving personal injury and property loss. To obtain the accurate kinetic triplet parameters of AN thermal decomposition, a series of therm ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.048

8. Chitosan-functionalized nanofibers: A comprehensive review on challenges and prospects for food applications

Author:
de Farias, Bruna Silva; Sant'Anna Cadaval Junior, Tito Roberto; de Almeida Pinto, Luiz Antonio
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2019 v.123 pp. 210-220
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; active food packaging; biocompatible materials; chitosan; immobilized enzymes; mechanical properties; nanofibers; physicochemical properties; porosity;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Chitosan exhibits outstanding properties, which allow a wide range of applications. For this reason, chitosan-based biomaterials have been developed over the years and, among these biomaterials, chitosan-based nanomaterials may significantly change the material properties, which could result in some exceptional features. Indeed, chitosan-based nanofibers have a larger surface area:volume ratio tha ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.042

9. The taxonomy of graphite nanoplatelets and the influence of nanocomposite processing

Author:
Li, Zheling; Slater, Thomas J.A.; Ma, Xinyu; Yu, Yingjie; Young, Robert J.; Burnett, Timothy L.
Source:
Carbon 2019 v.142 pp. 99-106
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; computed tomography; epoxides; graphene; mechanical properties; models; modulus of elasticity; nanocomposites; prediction;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The reinforcement efficiency of graphene in a nanocomposite relies on the size, morphology, defects and agglomeration of flakes. However, the characterisation is usually undertaken only for the raw materials and any changes that take place during processing are not taken into consideration. In this work, epoxy nanocomposites reinforced by graphite nanoplatelet (GNP) were prepared and nano-scale X- ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2018.10.043

10. Co-treatment of hazardous wastes by the thermal plasma to produce an effective catalyst

Author:
Zeng, Jiachen; Yue, Yang; Gao, Qi; Zhang, Jia; Zhou, Jizhi; Pan, Yun; Qian, Guangren; Tang, Jie; Ruan, Jianbo
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.208 pp. 243-251
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; catalysts; fly ash; gasification; heavy metals; lead; nitric oxide; slags; wastes; zinc;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the past two years, a pilot-scale plasma gasification was carried out. With the help of this project, we investigated the possibility to recycle plasma gasification-derived slag as an effective catalyst by adjusting co-treatment ratio between medical waste and fly ash. As a result, when the co-treatment ratio of fly ash increased, the derived slag showed a bigger content of transition metal, to ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.069

11. Generalized quality control parameter for heterogenous recycled concrete aggregates: A pilot scale case study

Author:
Rangel, Caroline Santana; Toledo Filho, Romildo Dias; Amario, Mayara; Pepe, Marco; de Castro Polisseni, Gabriela; Puente de Andrade, Gabriella
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.208 pp. 589-601
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; case studies; cement; concrete; construction industry; powders; quality control; wastes;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although Recycled Concrete Aggregates, RCAs, derived from concrete waste, represent a potential sustainable solution for the structural concrete production, their heterogeneous composition is a feature that still prevents their large-scale use in the construction industry all around the world.In order to find a possible existing relationship between the source of residues and the resulting RCAs ch ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.110

12. Phosphorous recovery through struvite crystallization: Challenges for future design

Author:
Li, Bing; Boiarkina, Irina; Yu, Wei; Huang, Hai Ming; Munir, Tajammal; Wang, Guang Qian; Young, Brent R.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.648 pp. 1244-1256
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; chemical industry; crystallization; magnesium ammonium phosphate; phosphorus; process design; slow-release fertilizers; water pollution;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Phosphorous (P) is an essential element for living organisms and is predicted to be depleted within the next 100 years. Across the world, significant phosphorous losses due to its low utilization efficiency become one of the main reasons for water pollution. Struvite crystallization has been found to be a promising recovery technique to mitigate these problems, as the recovered precipitate can be ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.166

13. Sludge based micro-electrolysis filler for removing tetracycline from solution

Author:
Cui, Xiaoqian; Li, Ni; Chen, Guodong; Zheng, Hao; Li, Xiaochen
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2019 v.534 pp. 490-498
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; ceramics; clay; cost effectiveness; iron; models; physicochemical properties; recycling; sludge; surface area; temperature; tetracycline;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, a novel catalytic micro-electrolysis filler (CMEF) was prepared using waste sludge as the main raw materials. The preparation process was optimized in terms of the mass ratio of raw materials and sintering temperature based on the tetracyclines (TCs) removal efficiency. The physicochemical characteristics (e.g., surface area, morphology features, function groups, and valence state o ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.061

14. The effects of viscoelastic properties of the wetting liquid on the kinetics of the disc granulation process

Author:
Obraniak, Andrzej; Orczykowska, Magdalena; Olejnik, Tomasz P.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.342 pp. 328-334
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; aqueous solutions; droplets; flour; liquids; models; potato starch; powders; rheometers; viscoelasticity;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The study investigates of rheological properties of the wetting liquid (potato starch solutions). Studies on viscoelastic properties of wetting liquids were carried out using the rotational rheometer Physica MCR 301 made by Anton Paar with the cone-plate measuring system. Rheological parameters of the medium were described using the fractional rheological Maxwell-Wiechert model.The studies on gran ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2018.09.081

15. Dissipation of tungsten and environmental release of nanoparticles from tire studs: A Swedish case study

Author:
Furberg, Anna; Arvidsson, Rickard; Molander, Sverker
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2019 v.207 pp. 920-928
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; case studies; cobalt; material flow analysis; mining; nanoparticles; nanosilver; recycling; tires; tungsten; winter; Sweden;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tire studs, with pins made of cemented tungsten carbide with cobalt (WC-Co), are used in many countries during winter. Tungsten, the main content of the pins, is geochemically scarce and a critical raw material. In addition, analytical studies have identified WC-Co nanoparticles in the environment, which are worn off during the use of studded tires. The aims of this study are to assess (i) the dis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.004

16. Development of an advanced integrative process to create valuable biosugars including manno-oligosaccharides and mannose from spent coffee grounds

Author:
Nguyen, Quynh Anh; Cho, Eun Jin; Lee, Dae-Seok; Bae, Hyeun-Jong
Source:
Bioresource technology 2019 v.272 pp. 209-216
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; bioethanol; defatting; delignification; enzymatic hydrolysis; ethanol production; lignocellulose; mannose; oligosaccharides; wastes;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Spent coffee grounds (SCG) or coffee residue wastes (CRW) provide excellent raw material for mannose and bioethanol production. In this study, SCG were used to produce valuable biosugars, including oligosaccharides (OSs), manno-oligosaccharides (MOSs), mannose, and bioethanol. SCG were subjected to delignification and defatting, producing SCG-derived polysaccharides. Two-stage enzymatic hydrolysis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2018.10.018

17. Fate of zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside during malting process

Author:
Pascari, Xenia; Gil-Samarra, Sonia; Marín, Sonia; Ramos, Antonio J.; Sanchis, Vicente
Source:
Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft + [i.e. und] Technologie 2019 v.99 pp. 540-546
ISSN:
0023-6438
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; Fusarium graminearum; barley; deoxynivalenol; deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside; germination; malting; soaking; zearalenone;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Malting was simulated using two different batches of barley as raw material: a naturally contaminated batch and laboratory inoculated (with a deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) producing Fusarium graminearum strain) one. Up to three contamination levels were prepared, every process being carried out in triplicate. A significant washout effect on DON was observed by the end of the first wat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lwt.2018.10.030

18. Recycling of refractory bricks used in basic steelmaking: A review

Author:
Horckmans, Liesbeth; Nielsen, Peter; Dierckx, Philippe; Ducastel, Antoine
Source:
Resources, conservation, and recycling 2019 v.140 pp. 297-304
ISSN:
0921-3449
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; bricks; cement; ceramics; glass; metals; prices; recycling; slags; temperature;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Refractories are indispensable for all high temperatures processes, such as the production of metals, cement, glass and ceramics. It is estimated that up to 28 million tons of spent refractories are generated every year. Despite these significant amounts, recycling of spent refractories has received little attention due to the abundance of low cost virgin raw materials and low disposal costs of th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.09.025

19. Synthesis and evaluation of a novel inorganic–organic composite flocculant, consisting of chitosan and poly‐ferric cerium silicate

Author:
Liu, Mei; Zhu, Pengfei; Yang, Wenjing; Chen, Yanjun; Lan, Jian; Ren, Shuyang
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2019 v.94 no.1 pp. 79-87
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; adsorption; cerium; chitosan; coagulation; decolorization; dyes; flocculants; flocculation; pH; pollutants; polymers; silicates; wastewater;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Coagulation/flocculation is widely used in the treatment of dye wastewater because of the low cost, high efficiency, short process and convenient operation. However, with the increase of pollutants in water and in recent years the higher requirement for environment protection, traditional flocculants have found it difficult to meet the processing requirements. Therefore, to develop new ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.5747

20. The hunting of horse and the problem of the Aurignacian on the central plain of Eastern Europe

Author:
Hoffecker, John F.; Holliday, Vance T.; Stepanchuk, V.N.; Lisitsyn, S.N.
Source:
Quaternary international 2018 v.492 pp. 53-63
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
raw materials,   etc   ; herds; mares; Eastern European region;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The archaeological record of the early Upper Paleolithic on the central plain of Eastern Europe yields evidence for the repeated hunting of horses in small herds. Several major sites contain large bone beds that represent the butchered remains of a mare band. The bone beds are consistently associated with expedient tools, often made on local raw materials, that are typical of mass kill sites and c ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2018.05.044