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reproductivesuccess, etc ; Reticulitermes; energy; reproductives; trophallaxis; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the process of inheriting reproduction among social insects, conflicts over reproduction widely exist among potential reproductive individuals. These conflicts are expressed by the suppression of reproductive success or the competition for reproduction. However, such suppression and competition are often accompanied by high cost for individuals. Whether there may or may not be a harmonious beha ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; data collection; males; sports; vocalization; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Birdsong is an important signal used in intra- and intersexual communication in a reproductive context. Strong sexual and natural selective forces act on this behaviour, such that singing individuals can be viewed as vocal athletes whose performance is critical for reproductive success. In this review, I argue and illustrate how a solid understanding of song production mechanisms can enhance our i ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; adults; color; ecology; males; sexual selection; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ornamental coloration is frequently an honest signal of quality associated with sexual selection. While changes in average environmental conditions affect carotenoid‐ and melanin‐based coloration, no evidence exists that changes in intrinsic environmental predictability affect coloration. Here we experimentally manipulated the intrinsic predictability of precipitation in semi‐natural populations o ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; Drosera; Japan; carnivores; indigenous species; pollinators; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... In response to unfavorable environmental conditions, some Drosera species in the northern hemisphere do not open their flowers but form bud‐like flowers. The bud‐like flowers exhibit pseudo‐cleistogamous behavior and produce similar numbers of seeds as open flowers. However, it is not clear how common this type of reproduction is in the genus Drosera. In this study, we examined the effects of flow ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; Palaemon; coastal water; larvae; reproductive performance; salinity; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Salinity changes in transitional water ecosystems are a natural feature, but anthropogenic direct or indirect impacts are drastically altering their equilibrium and, therefore, their biological communities. Females of three species of Palaemonidae shrimps (the invasive Palaemon macrodactylus and the native P. adspersus and P. elegans) were collected in nature and kept in laboratory at salinities 2 ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; adults; biochemistry; ecology; hematocrit; islands; progeny; Georgia; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Reproduction, and parental care in particular, are among the most energy-demanding activities within the annual cycle of adult birds. Parents that cannot meet the metabolic demands and other physiological costs of raising offspring may opt to abandon chicks in favour of self-maintenance and future reproduction. Recent work examining reproductive trade-offs in birds revealed an important role of ox ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; Liatris; Solidago; grasslands; phenology; seed set; Minnesota; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... A recent study posited that fire in grasslands promotes persistence of plant species by improving mating opportunities and reproductive outcomes. We devised an investigation to test these predicted mechanisms in two widespread, long‐lived perennials. We expect fire to synchronize flowering, increase mating and boost seed set. We quantified individual flowering phenology and seed set of Liatris asp ...
Rémi Fay; Sandra Hamel; Martijn van de Pol; Jean‐Michel Gaillard; Nigel G. Yoccoz; Paul Acker; Matthieu Authier; Benjamin Larue; Christie Le Coeur; Kaitlin R. Macdonald; Alex Nicol‐Harper; Christophe Barbraud; Christophe Bonenfant; Dirk H. Van Vuren; Emmanuelle Cam; Karine Delord; Marlène Gamelon; Maria Moiron; Fanie Pelletier; Jay Rotella; Celine Teplitsky; Marcel E. Visser; Caitlin P. Wells; Nathaniel T. Wheelwright; Stéphanie Jenouvrier; Bernt‐Erik Sæther
reproductivesuccess, etc ; adults; birds; extinction; juveniles; mammals; population growth; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Temporal correlations among demographic parameters can strongly influence population dynamics. Our empirical knowledge, however, is very limited regarding the direction and the magnitude of these correlations and how they vary among demographic parameters and species’ life histories. Here, we use long‐term demographic data from 15 bird and mammal species with contrasting pace of life to quantify c ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; Tettigoniidae; females; pollen; sex ratio; sexual selection; spermatophores; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bateman gradients, the slope of the regression of reproductive success on mating success, are among the most commonly reported measures of sexual selection. They are particularly insightful in species with reversed sex roles, where females are expected to be under sexual selection. We measured Bateman gradients in replicate experimental populations of the spermatophore gift‐giving bushcricket Kawa ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; Macaca mulatta; birth rate; females; progeny; retrospective studies; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... To optimize costs and reproductive success, rhesus macaques in biomedical primate research facilities are often peer-reared. Older, dependent infants are typically removed from their natal group to enhance female reproduction. The minimal husbandry age-norm of infant removal is ten months. These practices deviate from species-specific behavior and may reduce welfare, suggesting a trade-off between ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; Tenebrio molitor; cannibalism; eggs; industry; livestock; oviposition; progeny; zoos; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Whereas the production of conventional livestock can rely on years of knowledge and experience, the mealworm production industry is still in its early stages. Although the yellow mealworm Tenebrio molitor has been cultivated as feed for pets and zoo animals for quite some time, the optimization of the reproduction process has not been widely explored. For reproduction, beetles are placed in crates ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; color; ecology; females; males; poisonous frogs; sexual selection; tadpoles; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sexual dichromatism has provided important information for understanding sexual selection, but its link to reproductive success has received little attention. Poison frogs and their relatives within the superfamily Dendrobatoidea present striking color variation. Despite this variability, evidence of sexual dichromatism in the over 330 species described is limited to the gular region of some crypt ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; chlorophyll; crop quality; leaf development; leaves; molecular biology; mutants; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Senescence is the ultimate phase in the life cycle of leaves which is crucial for recycling of nutrients to maintain plant fitness and reproductive success. The earliest visible manifestation of leaf senescence is their yellowing, which usually commences with the breakdown of chlorophyll. The degradation process involves a gradual and highly coordinated disassembly of macromolecules resulting in t ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; habitats; prediction; seed weight; simulation models; species diversity; variance; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ecological selection is a major driver of community assembly. Selection is classified as stabilizing when species with intermediate trait values gain the highest reproductive success, whereas selection is considered directional when fitness is highest for species with extreme trait values. Previous studies have investigated the effects of different selection types on trait distribution, but the ef ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; animal behavior; cameras; environment; field experimentation; humans; noise pollution; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Light and noise pollution from human activity are increasing at a dramatic rate. These sensory stimuli can have a wide range of effects on animal behavior, reproductive success, and physiology. However, less is known about the functional and community-level consequences of these sensory pollutants, especially when they co-occur. Using camera traps in a manipulative field experiment, we studied the ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; body condition; carotenoids; color; ornithology; plumage; progeny; reflectance; woodpeckers; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... We investigated potential information content in red carotenoid-based undertail coverts of 28 pairs of breeding Great Spotted Woodpeckers by comparing plumage reflectance to measures of body condition and reproductive success. Plumage coloration was not significantly associated with sex or age, and did not correlate with body condition or the number of offspring fledged. Further, we found no evide ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; climate change; group size; mortality; nests; predation; reproductive performance; weather; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Climate exerts a major influence on reproductive processes, and an understanding of the mechanisms involved and which factors might mitigate adverse weather is fundamental under the ongoing climate change. Here, we study how weather and nest predation influence reproductive output in a social species, and examine whether larger group sizes can mitigate the adverse effects of these factors. We used ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; Amatitlania nigrofasciata; animal behavior; females; laboratory experimentation; males; mating behavior; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Female mate choice can involve a complex assessment process which is hypothesized to have evolved in order for females to maximize their reproductive success. In this laboratory experiment, we examined the mate choices of female convict cichlids (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) (who have an extended period of mate assessment and benefit from relatively long phases of biparental care) when presented a d ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; Delphinium; exports; flowers; nectar; nectar robbing; pollen; pollination; reproductive fitness; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nectar-robbing insects, which are frequently described as cheaters in plant–pollinator mutualisms, may affect plant reproductive fitness by obtaining nectar rewards without providing pollination services. The negative effects of nectar robbing on plant reproductive success have been widely reported, but the reasons for possible positive effects demand further investigation. The goal of the study w ...
reproductivesuccess, etc ; animal ecology; expert opinion; migratory behavior; seabirds; seasonal variation; weather; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seasonal variability is one of the main drivers of seasonal movements like migration. The literature has suggested that bird migration is often driven by poor environmental conditions during one season and permits avoidance of resource shortage or harsh weather by tracking the more favourable conditions. We tested at the global scale, and focusing on seabirds, whether this pattern exists in the ma ...