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1. Micro(nano)plastics – Analytical challenges towards risk evaluation

Author:
Pinto da Costa, João; Reis, Vanessa; Paço, Ana; Costa, Mónica; Duarte, Armando C.; Rocha-Santos, Teresa
Source:
Trends in analytical chemistry 2019 v.111 pp. 173-184
ISSN:
0165-9936
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; ecotoxicology; nanoplastics; risk;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The quantification of micro- and nanoplastics in environmental matrices is an analytical challenge and pushes to the use of unrealistic high exposure concentrations in laboratory studies which can lead to manifestations of ecotoxicological effects and risks estimation that are transient under natural conditions. Moreover, in field studies, it is difficult to compare the data obtained due to the la ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.013

2. Towards better volcanic risk-assessment systems by applying ensemble classification methods to triaxial seismic-volcanic signals

Author:
Orozco-Alzate, Mauricio; Londoño-Bonilla, John Makario; Nale, Valentina; Bicego, Manuele
Source:
Ecological informatics 2019 v.51 pp. 177-184
ISSN:
1574-9541
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; automation; geophysics; monitoring; Colombia;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Analysis of seismic data is the most important method for volcano monitoring. Such data typically consists in digital signals acquired with an arrangement of triaxial seismic sensors which are strategically deployed on the volcano and its surrounding areas. Very rich measurements of the underlying phenomena are obtained from the arrangement because each sensor, through their corresponding three se ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoinf.2019.03.004

3. Preface to historic and paleoflood analyses: New perspectives on climate, extreme flood risk, and the geomorphic effects of large floods

Author:
Davis, Lisa; Harden, Tessa M.; Muñoz, Samuel E.; Godaire, Jeanne; O'Connor, Jim E.
Source:
Geomorphology 2019 v.327 pp. 610-612
ISSN:
0169-555X
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; climate; floods; immigration; risk;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Paleofloods are flood events that occurred prior to instrumented records that are discerned from sedimentary evidence. Historic floods are flood events that predate the instrumented record that have been reconstructed based on evidence provided by historical sources. This special issue presents papers on historic and paleoflood analyses that stemmed from the 5th International Paleoflood Symposium ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.10.021

4. The Human Genome Editing Race: Loosening Regulatory Standards for Commercial Advantage?

Author:
Cathomen, Toni; Schüle, Silke; Schüßler-Lenz, Martina; Abou-El-Enein, Mohamed
Source:
Trends in biotechnology 2019 v.37 no.2 pp. 120-123
ISSN:
0167-7799
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; gene editing; humans; markets;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Medicinal products based on genome editing must undergo rigorous preclinical testing and are subject to regulatory oversight for proper risk assessment prior to first evaluation in humans. We give a European perspective on the regulatory expectations to translate genome editing to the clinic to ensure their timely progress to market. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.06.005

5. The significant role of health surveillance in the occupational heat stress assessment

Author:
Chirico, Francesco; Magnavita, Nicola
Source:
International journal of biometeorology 2019 v.63 no.2 pp. 193-194
ISSN:
0020-7128
Subject:
risk assessment process,   etc   ; bioclimatology; heat stress; monitoring;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... In order to address the heat stress hazard, the worker health surveillance makes a difference by providing information about individual factor, feedback, and evidence about efficacy of preventive measures and activities carried out through the risk assessment process, at individual and group levels. Every technical, procedural, or organizational measures could be ineffective without taking into ac ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00484-018-1651-y

6. Application of Vulnerability Assessment to a Grazed Rangeland: Toward an Integrated Conceptual Framework

Author:
Raufirad, Valiollah; Hunter, Richard; Endress, Bryan A.; Bagheri, Setareh
Source:
Rangelands 2018 v.40 no.1 pp. 17-23
ISSN:
0190-0528
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; experts; rangelands;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rangeland vulnerability assessments have the potential to function as conceptual tools for policymakers and rangeland users to ensure the sustainable management of vulnerable rangelands. This contribution reviews the different approaches to conceptualizing vulnerability assessments in order to introduce an initial framework for how to construct rangeland vulnerability assessments. We present a con ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.rala.2017.12.002

7. Commentary on the draft revised guideline on the environmental risk assessment of medicinal products for human use

Author:
Whomsley, Rhys; Brendler-Schwaab, Susanne; Griffin, Eadaoin; Jensen, John; Moermond, Caroline; Scholz, Birger; Nilssen, Laila Sortvik; Stemplewski, Henry; Roennefahrt, Ines
Source:
Environmental sciences Europe 2019 v.31 no.1 pp. 17
ISSN:
2190-4707
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; European Union; environmental assessment; guidelines; humans; marketing; stakeholders;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Applicants for marketing authorisation for human medicinal products in the European Union must submit an environmental risk assessment which is assessed by assessors from the national competent authorities. The EMA guideline on the environmental risk assessment of medicinal products for human use came into effect on 1 December 2006. After 12 years’ experience with the guideline, the EMA has releas ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12302-019-0198-9

8. 20 years SETAC GLB: increasing realism of pesticide risk assessment

Author:
Liess, Matthias; Ratte, Toni; Ebke, Peter; Hollert, Henner
Source:
Environmental sciences Europe 2019 v.31 no.1 pp. 13
ISSN:
2190-4707
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; biodiversity; ecosystems; environmental assessment; nontarget organisms; pesticides;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Pesticides contribute to this reduction of biodiversity in ecosystems. Obviously, environmental risk assessment did not prevent adverse pesticide effects on non-target organisms. This called for an identification of processes that are relevant to extrapolate from simplified investigations to the reality of pesticide effects in the field, one of the prominent research areas at the SETAC GLB since t ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12302-019-0197-x

9. Electroencephalographic assessment of pneumatically powered penetrating and non-penetrating captive-bolt stunning of bulls

Author:
Gibson, Troy John; Oliveira, Steffan Edward Octávio; Costa, Filipe Antonio Dalla; Gregory, Neville George
Source:
Meat science 2019 v.151 pp. 54-59
ISSN:
0309-1740
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; animal welfare; bulls; consciousness; electroencephalography; slaughterhouses; unconsciousness; zebu;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The electroencephalographic (EEG) responses of 31 bulls (zebu crossbred cattle) stunned with either pneumatically powered Jarvis penetrating (PCB) or non-penetrating captive bolt (NPCB) was examined. Animals were organized into two treatment groups: PCB (n = 20); and NPCB (n = 11) stunning, both using airline pressures of 220 psi (1517 kPa). All bulls shot with PCB (n = 20/20) had patterns of EEG ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.01.006

10. Mercury contents in rice and potential health risks across China

Author:
Zhao, Huifang; Yan, Haiyu; Zhang, Leiming; Sun, Guangyi; Li, Ping; Feng, Xinbin
Source:
Environment international 2019 v.126 pp. 406-412
ISSN:
0160-4120
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; mercury; methylmercury compounds; rice; risk; China;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rice samples were collected at 560 sites in 15 provinces across China in areas without known point mercury (Hg) sources. Total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were analyzed in these rice samples for risk assessment. Relatively low THg and MeHg concentrations were found in the majority of the white rice samples with an overall mean of 4.74 (1.06–22.7) μg kg−1 and 0.682 (0.03–8 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.055

11. A continuous modelling approach for design flood estimation on sub-daily time scale

Author:
Winter, B.; Schneeberger, K.; Dung, N.V.; Huttenlau, M.; Achleitner, S.; Stötter, J.; Merz, B.; Vorogushyn, S.
Source:
Hydrological sciences journal 2019 v.64 no.5 pp. 539-554
ISSN:
2150-3435
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; climate models; hydrologic models; runoff; storms; watersheds; Austria;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Design flood estimation is an essential part of flood risk assessment. Commonly applied are flood frequency analyses and design storm approaches, while the derived flood frequency using continuous simulation has been getting more attention recently. In this study, a continuous hydrological modelling approach on an hourly time scale, driven by a multi-site weather generator in combination with a -n ...
DOI:
10.1080/02626667.2019.1593419

12. Classification of key ecological attributes and stresses of biodiversity for ecosystem-based conservation assessments and management

Author:
Schick, Axel; Porembski, Stefan; Hobson, Peter R; Ibisch, Pierre L
Source:
Ecological complexity 2019 v.38 pp. 98-111
ISSN:
1476-945X
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; adaptive management; biodiversity; ecosystems; planning; terminology;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... A whole systems thinking approach to conservation has spawned new approaches in adaptive management planning that require a crucial understanding of what is essential for the functionality of ecosystems and the biodiversity they embrace. In this context, the key ecological attributes (KEA) have been introduced as aspects of a conservation target's biology or ecology that, if missing or altered, wo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.04.001

13. ExpoQual: Evaluating measured and modeled human exposure data

Author:
LaKind, Judy S.; O’Mahony, Cian; Armstrong, Thomas; Tibaldi, Rosalie; Blount, Benjamin C.; Naiman, Daniel Q.
Source:
Environmental research 2019 v.171 pp. 302-312
ISSN:
0013-9351
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; data quality; decision making; environmental assessment; humans;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recent rapid technological advances are producing exposure data sets for which there are no available data quality assessment tools. At the same time, regulatory agencies are moving in the direction of data quality assessment for environmental risk assessment and decision-making. A transparent and systematic approach to evaluating exposure data will aid in those efforts. Any approach to assessing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.039

14. Risk assessment based on fuzzy synthetic evaluation method

Author:
Akter, Marin; Jahan, Momtaz; Kabir, Rubaiya; Karim, Dewan Sadia; Haque, Anisul; Rahman, Munsur; Salehin, Mashfiqus
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.658 pp. 818-829
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; expert opinion; experts; humans; risk; uncertainty;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The IPCC fifth assessment report envisions risk of climate-related impacts as an outcome of the interaction of climate-related hazards with the vulnerability and the exposure of human and natural systems. This approach relies heavily on human perception, via expert opinions. As experts decide appropriate placement of an indicator in any of the exposure, sensitivity or adaptive capacity domains, se ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.204

15. Anorexia of Aging - An Updated Short Review

Author:
Jadczak, Agathe Daria; Visvanathan, R.
Source:
The journal of nutrition, health & aging 2019 v.23 no.3 pp. 306-309
ISSN:
1279-7707
Subject:
nutrition risk assessment,   etc   ; anorexia; elderly; exercise; malnutrition; nutrition;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The anorexia of aging affects approximately a quarter of older people and is a major contributor to the development of under-nutrition and many other adverse health outcomes in older people. Despite the high prevalence, the anorexia of aging is frequently overlooked by clinicians and, of even more concern, it is commonly accepted as inevitable and a part of ‘normal’ aging. Early identification of ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12603-019-1159-0

16. Comparison of contaminant-specific risk maps for an urban aquifer: Patiño aquifer case

Author:
Baez, Liz; Villalba, Cynthia; Nogues, Juan Pablo
Source:
Environmental earth sciences 2019 v.78 no.5 pp. 137
ISSN:
1866-6280
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; aquifers; coliform bacteria; geostatistics; models; risk; total nitrogen;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Most studies focused on producing contamination risk maps for aquifers usually calibrate a risk model utilizing some proxy or measure of contamination. The most common way of doing these risk maps is by calibrating some index-based model, such as DRASTIC. However, few studies focus and outline the differences between contamination risk maps that have been created for the same area but calibrated w ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12665-019-8141-3

17. Much ado about interaction: A combination of linear processes yields non-linear toxic effects in chemical mixtures

Author:
Kamo, Masashi; Iwasaki, Yuichi; Yokomizo, Hiroyuki
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.219 pp. 89-94
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; ligands; metals; models; prediction; toxicity; toxicity testing;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Predicting chemical mixture toxicity is an important issue for risk assessment. Loewe's concentration addition (CA) is a major model for predicting such toxicity. The CA is an additivity-based model, and if the results of toxicity test deviate from the CA prediction, it is considered that the toxic effect of the mixture is non-additive, and that “interaction” has played some role. In the present s ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.134

18. Occurrence and toxicity of microcystin congeners other than MC-LR and MC-RR: A review

Author:
Díez-Quijada, Leticia; Prieto, Ana I.; Guzmán-Guillén, Remedios; Jos, Angeles; Cameán, Ana M.
Source:
Food and chemical toxicology 2019 v.125 pp. 106-132
ISSN:
0278-6915
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; humans; microcystins; surface water; toxicity; toxicology;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The occurrence of cyanobacterial toxins is being increasingly reported. This is a reason for concern as they can induce toxic effects both in humans and in the environment. Among them, microcystins (MCs) are the best described and most diverse group of cyanobacterial toxins, and MC-LR and MC-RR are the congeners most widely investigated. However, the number of MC variants has also increased in rec ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2018.12.042

19. Prolonged Wait Time Prior to Entry to Home Care Packages Increases the Risk of Mortality and Transition to Permanent Residential Aged Care Services: Findings from the Registry of Older South Australians (ROSA)

Author:
Visvanathan, Renuka; Amare, A. T.; Wesselingh, S.; Hearn, R.; McKechnie, S.; Mussared, J.; Inacio, M. C.
Source:
The journal of nutrition, health & aging 2019 v.23 no.3 pp. 271-280
ISSN:
1279-7707
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; Australians; cohort studies; confidence interval; death; elderly; mortality;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Older Australians prefer to live in their own homes for longer and reforms have attempted to increase the volume of home care packages (HCPs) accordingly but there remains a queue with the longer-term consequences unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to characterise older Australians according to their wait times for a home care package (HCP), evaluate the association between wait time ...
DOI:
10.1007/s12603-018-1145-y

20. Research trend: Hidden diamonds – The values and risks of online repository documents for forest policy and governance analysis

Author:
Rahayu, Sari; Laraswati, Dwi; Pratama, Andita A.; Permadi, Dwiko B.; Sahide, Muhammad A.K.; Maryudi, Ahmad
Source:
Forest policy and economics 2019 v.100 pp. 254-257
ISSN:
1389-9341
Subject:
risk assessment,   etc   ; community forestry; digital database; forest policy; governance;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sound forest policy and governance analysis requires rich empirical evidence, collected through the use of a (possibly) combination of various scientific methods. Scientific communities are currently offered with abundance of digital data, information and scientific materials, made fully or partially available through the explosive development of various types of online repositories. Nonetheless, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forpol.2019.01.009