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1. 14-3-3s function in plant cadmium response by changes of glutathione and glutathione synthesis in Arabidopsis

Author:
Zhang, Bing-Lei; Guo, Chen-Chen; Ding, Feng; Lu, Ying-Tang; Fu, Zheng-Wei
Source:
Environmental and experimental botany 2019 v.163 pp. 69-77
ISSN:
0098-8472
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Arabidopsis; cadmium; gene overexpression; genes; genetically modified organisms; glutathione; mutants; seedlings; soil;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... It is well-known that plants respond to the toxin cadmium (Cd), a widespread soil contaminant, by accumulating glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatin (PC). However, the factor(s) in the regulation of GSH and PC synthesis remain to be further identified. Here, we report that 14-3-3 κ and λ negatively regulate plant Cd tolerance because the double mutant 14-3-3κλ with higher Cd accumulation exhibited e ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.04.009

2. Tree Willow Root Growth in Sediments Varying in Texture

Author:
McIvor, Ian; Desrochers, Valérie
Source:
Forests 2019 v.10 no.6
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Salix nigra; absorption; cutting; fine roots; mass density; nutrients; riparian areas; sand; silt; texture;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... We investigated the early root development of Salix nigra L. willow grown from cuttings in the different riverbank sediments; silt, sand and stones. Cuttings were grown for 10 weeks in layered sediment types in five large planter boxes, each box having three separate compartments. The boxes differed in the proportion of silt, sand and stones. At 10 weeks, the roots were extracted and sorted into d ...
DOI:
10.3390/f10060517

3. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) promotes primary root elongation through modulation of auxin transport in Arabidopsis

Author:
An, Yuyan; Cheng, Danxuan; Rao, Zhixiong; Sun, Yongping; Tang, Quan; Wang, Liangju
Source:
Acta physiologiae plantarum 2019 v.41 no.6 pp. 85
ISSN:
0137-5881
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Arabidopsis; aminolevulinic acid; auxins; biosynthesis; gene expression; genes; seedlings;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... The specific function of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a new plant growth regulator, in modulating root growth of plants and the mechanisms underlying ALA-regulated root growth are largely unknown. Here, Arabidopsis seedlings were photographed and collected before and after ALA or 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) treatment for determination of root growth, fluorescence intensities of PIN1, PIN2, PI ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11738-019-2878-x

4. Impairment in karrikin but not strigolactone sensing enhances root skewing in Arabidopsis thaliana

Author:
Swarbreck, Stéphanie M.; Guerringue, Yannick; Matthus, Elsa; Jamieson, Fiona J. C.; Davies, Julia M.
Source:
Theplant journal 2019 v.98 no.4 pp. 607-621
ISSN:
0960-7412
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Arabidopsis thaliana; forage; gravitropism; ligands; mutation; nutrients; phenotype; proteasome endopeptidase complex; proteins; strigolactones; ubiquitination;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Roots form highly complex systems varying in growth direction and branching pattern to forage for nutrients efficiently. Here mutations in the KAI2 (KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE) α/β‐fold hydrolase and the MAX2 (MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2) F‐box leucine‐rich protein, which together perceive karrikins (smoke‐derived butenolides), caused alteration in root skewing in Arabidopsis thaliana. This phenotype was ind ...
DOI:
10.1111/tpj.14233

5. Modelling the influence of root position and growth on pavement tensile crack failure when occurring under three thicknesses of asphaltic concrete

Author:
Grabosky, Jason; Gucunski, Nenad
Source:
Urban forestry & urban greening 2019 v.41 pp. 238-247
ISSN:
1618-8667
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; bitumen; concrete; deformation; finite element analysis; forest management; models; pavements; soil; trees; urban forests;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Root-pavement conflicts are a common challenge in urban forest management. Given the expense of pavement installation and the time needed to develop large trees, there is a preference for modelling design solutions to integrate trees and pavement with shared soil volumes. While Finite Element (FE) models are used in pavement analysis and design, and have been used to describe root growth in soils, ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ufug.2019.04.006

6. Enhancing APSIM to simulate excessive moisture effects on root growth

Author:
Ebrahimi-Mollabashi, Elnaz; Huth, Neil I.; Holzwoth, Dean P.; Ordóñez, Raziel A.; Hatfield, Jerry L.; Huber, Isaiah; Castellano, Michael J.; Archontoulis, Sotirios V.
Source:
Field crops research 2019 v.236 pp. 58-67
ISSN:
0378-4290
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; cropping systems; models; roots; soil water; spatial distribution; water table; Corn Belt region; Iowa;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Shallow water table (WT) influences crop growth and production in many major agricultural regions across the globe. We enhanced the APSIM-soybean model to accurately simulate root depth in fields with shallow water tables. We used data from a controlled experiment (Rhizotron facilities) that included root depth observations for nine WT treatments to develop and calibrate the new model. Analysis in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fcr.2019.03.014

7. A unique aluminum resistance mechanism conferred by aluminum and salicylic-acid-activated root efflux of benzoxazinoids in maize

Author:
Zhao, Zunkang; Gao, Xiaofeng; Ke, Ye; Chang, Minmin; Xie, Lu; Li, Xiaofeng; Gu, Minghua; Liu, Jiping; Tang, Xinlian
Source:
Plant and soil 2019 v.437 no.1-2 pp. 273-289
ISSN:
0032-079X
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; aluminum; benzoxazinoids; biosynthesis; chelation; corn; cultivars; exudation; hydroxamic acids; root tips; salicylic acid;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Although aluminum (Al) exclusion via root exudation of organic matters is a common resistance mechanism adopted by many plant species, whether root exudation of benzoxazinoids, such as hydroxamic acids (HAs), confers Al resistance remains unclear. METHODS: We performed physiological characterization for an Al-resistant maize cultivar TY and a sensitive maize cultivar ZD. RESUL ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11104-019-03971-9

8. Relationships between root growth of Zinnia hybrid “profusion orange” flowers and phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soil

Author:
Ikeura, Hiromi; Fukunaga, Sayuri; Uchida, Nahoko; Tamaki, Masahiko
Source:
International journal of phytoremediation 2019 v.21 no.4 pp. 287-292
ISSN:
1549-7879
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Zinnia; enzyme activity; flowers; hybrids; irrigation; petroleum; phytoremediation; planting; polluted soils; roots;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Relationships exist between plant root growth and the phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils. In a previous study, we demonstrated that zinnia flowers are well suited for the remediation of oil-contaminated soil. In this study, our goal was to quantify the relationship between zinnia root growth and purification of oil-contaminated soils. Three treatments were used: (1) cultivation of zinnia i ...
DOI:
10.1080/15226514.2018.1524825

9. Differential carbon allocation to nitrogen-rich patches in Poa annua precedes root proliferation but has no immediate benefit to N uptake

Author:
Irving, Louis J.; Vaughan, Julia K.E.; Ong, Gracialine; Schwier, Nicholas; Hama, Takeo; Cameron, Duncan D.
Source:
Journal of plant physiology 2019 v.234-235 pp. 54-59
ISSN:
0176-1617
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Poa annua; ammonium; carbon; edaphic factors; nitrogen content; nutrients; roots; stable isotopes;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nutrients are heterogeneously distributed in the soil environment. Plants have evolved a variety of mechanisms to maximise their ability to compete for limited resources, with differential root growth considered among the more important mechanisms. Despite the significant costs of root growth, little data is available regarding carbon (C) allocation to roots growing in heterogeneous conditions. He ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jplph.2019.01.006

10. Phytotoxicity of wear debris from traditional and innovative brake pads

Author:
Maiorana, Simone; Teoldi, Federico; Silvani, Sara; Mancini, Alessandro; Sanguineti, Alessandro; Mariani, Federico; Cella, Claudia; Lopez, Aitziber; Potenza, Marco Alberto Carlo; Lodi, Marco; Dupin, Damien; Sanvito, Tiziano; Bonfanti, Andrea; Benfenati, Emilio; Baderna, Diego
Source:
Environment international 2019 v.123 pp. 156-163
ISSN:
0160-4120
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; air quality; emissions; environmental health; humans; phenol; phytotoxicity; plasma membrane; polluted soils; seeds;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Traffic-related emissions include gas and particles that can alter air quality and affect human and environmental health. Limited studies have demonstrated that particulate debris thrown off from brakes are toxic to higher plants. The acute phytotoxicity of brake pad wear debris (BPWD) investigated using cress seeds grown in soil contaminated with increasing concentrations of debris. Two types of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.057

11. Assessing plant-available glyphosate in contrasting soils by diffusive gradient in thin-films technique (DGT)

Author:
Weng, Zhe; Rose, Michael T.; Tavakkoli, Ehsan; Van Zwieten, Lukas; Styles, Gavin; Bennett, William; Lombi, Enzo
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.646 pp. 735-744
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Lupinus; bioavailability; dose response; edaphic factors; glyphosate; pH; phytotoxicity; sales; soil types; sorption; wheat;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Glyphosate represents one quarter of global herbicide sales, with growing interest in both its fate in soils and potential to cause non-target phytotoxicity to plants. However, assessing glyphosate bioavailability to plants from soil residues remains challenging. Here we demonstrate that the diffusive gradient in thin-films technique (DGT) can effectively measure available glyphosate across bounda ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.221

12. Hydrogen peroxide plays an important role in PERK4-mediated abscisic acid-regulated root growth in Arabidopsis

Author:
Ma, Xiaonan; Zhang, Xiaoran; Yang, Ling; Tang, Mengmeng; Wang, Kai; Wang, Li; Bai, Ling; Song, Chunpeng
Source:
Functional plant biology 2019 v.46 no.2 pp. 165-174
ISSN:
1445-4408
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Arabidopsis; abscisic acid; genes; hydrogen peroxide; mutants; phenotype; respiratory burst; root tips;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Abscisic acid (ABA) is a crucial factor that affects primary root tip growth in plants. Previous research suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydrogen peroxide, are important regulators of ABA signalling in root growth of Arabidopsis. PROLINE-RICH EXTENSIN-LIKE RECEPTOR KINASE 4 (PERK4) plays an important role in ABA responses. Arabidopsis perk4 mutants display attenuated sensi ...
DOI:
10.1071/FP18219

13. Development and performance evaluation of an electric-hydraulic control system for subsoiler with flexible tines

Author:
Wang, Yunxia; Jing, Huirong; Zhang, Dongxing; Cui, Tao; Zhong, Xiangjun; Yang, Li
Source:
Computers and electronics in agriculture 2018 v.151 pp. 249-257
ISSN:
0168-1699
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; compacted soils; conservation tillage; cutting; hardpans; subsoilers; subsoiling;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Subsoiling is primary practice in conservation tillage fields, as it disrupts compacted soil hardpans that restrict crop root growth and water infiltration. Subsoiler with flexible tines presents effective obstacle avoidance and draft force reduction, but the undesired depths, much less than target value, are observed during tillage operation due to the considerable variation in soil resistance. T ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.compag.2018.06.027

14. New features of version 3 of the HYDRUS (2D/3D) computer software package

Author:
Šimůnek, Jiří; Šejna, Miroslav; van Genuchten, Martinus Th.
Source:
Vodohospodársky časopis 2018 v.66 no.2 pp. 133-142
ISSN:
0042-790X
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; computer software; fumigants; isotopes; user interface; wetlands;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The capabilities of the HYDRUS-1D and HYDRUS (2D/3D) software packages continuously expanded during the last two decades. Various new capabilities were added recently to both software packages, mostly by developing new standard add-on modules such as HPx, C-Ride, UnsatChem, Wetland, Fumigant, DualPerm, and Slope Stability. The new modules may be used to simulate flow and transport processes in one ...
DOI:
10.1515/johh-2017-0050

15. Polyethylene glycol induced drought stress strongly influences seed germination, root morphology and cytoplasm of different kenaf genotypes

Author:
Tang, Danfeng; Wei, Fan; Qin, Sixian; Khan, Aziz; Kashif, Muhammad Haneef; Zhou, Ruiyang
Source:
Industrial crops and products 2019 v.137 pp. 180-186
ISSN:
0926-6690
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; breeding; cytoplasm; drought; drought tolerance; genotype; growth traits; hybrids; kenaf; polyethylene glycol; seed germination; seedlings; vigor; water stress;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plants are sessile and therefore continuously confronted to drought stress. Therefore, a better understanding of different kenaf genotypes is essential. The objective of this study was to assess seed germination, root morphology and cytoplasmic effects of four types of kenaf cytoplasms i.e., C1, C2, C3, C4 under different concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG). Results showed that seed germina ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.01.019

16. Excess boron inhibited the trifoliate orange growth by inducing oxidative stress, alterations in cell wall structure, and accumulation of free boron

Author:
Riaz, Muhammad; Yan, Lei; Wu, Xiuwen; Hussain, Saddam; Aziz, Omar; El-Desouki, Zeinab; Jiang, Cuncang
Source:
Plant physiology and biochemistry 2019 v.141 pp. 105-113
ISSN:
0981-9428
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Poncirus trifoliata; boron; carbohydrates; cell death; cell walls; growth retardation; leaves; microstructure; moieties; oxidative stress; roots; seedlings; toxicity;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The boron (B) is an essential nutrient and plays an important role in the stability of the primary cell wall (CW). Due to the narrow window between B deficiency and toxicity, mismanagement practices lead to B toxicity that inhibit root growth and overall crop productivity. However, the exact cause of root growth inhibition remains unclear. The present study examined the potential causes and target ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.021

17. Impacts of wheat photosynthate allocation on soil N2O emission during post-anthesis period

Author:
Deng, Aixing; Zhang, Xin; Zhang, Xingyue; Qian, Haoyu; Zhang, Yu; Chen, Changli; Jiang, Yu; Zheng, Chengyan; Zhang, Weijian
Source:
Biology and fertility of soils 2019 v.55 no.6 pp. 643-648
ISSN:
0178-2762
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; biomass; cold stress; grain yield; greenhouse gas emissions; nitrate nitrogen; nitrous oxide; nitrous oxide production; soil; spikelets; wheat;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Both spikelet removal and low temperature stress largely reduced photosynthate allocation to wheat grain; the former stimulated the average N₂O emissions by 31.3% and 33.2% under the field and pot conditions; the latter increased average N₂O emission by 19.9% under pot condition. Spikelet removal and low temperature stress significantly reduced total plant N uptake, thereby increasing soil NO₃–-N  ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00374-019-01377-4

18. Individual and mixture toxicity evaluation of three pharmaceuticals to the germination and growth of Lactuca sativa seeds

Author:
Rede, Diana; Santos, Lúcia H.M.L.M.; Ramos, Sandra; Oliva-Teles, Filipe; Antão, Cristina; Sousa, Susana R.; Delerue-Matos, Cristina
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.673 pp. 102-109
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Lactuca sativa; acetaminophen; acute effects; acute exposure; acute toxicity; amoxicillin; germination; ibuprofen; leaf length; phytotoxicity; seeds; soil;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work aims to assess, individually and in mixtures, possible phytotoxic effects of three pharmaceuticals (paracetamol, ibuprofen and amoxicillin) on germination and early growth of Lactuca sativa seeds. Pharmaceuticals are an important group of emerging contaminants, whose presence has been described in several environmental compartments, including soils. However, knowledge on their possible i ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.432

19. Harvest time optimization leads to the production of native cassava starches with different properties

Author:
de Souza Fernandes, Daiana; dos Santos, Thaís Paes Rodrigues; Fernandes, Adalton Mazetti; Leonel, Magali
Source:
International journal of biological macromolecules 2019 v.132 pp. 710-721
ISSN:
0141-8130
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; amylose; cassava; crystal structure; farmers; harvest date; industry; markets; monitoring; pasting properties; phosphorus; roots; solubility; swelling (materials);     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The starch market is very diverse and demanding regarding the functional characteristics of the product. However, no technique based on the management of cassava root harvest time has been applied to obtain starches with different properties. Thus, in this study, cassava roots were harvested at different times and the structure and physicochemical properties of their starches were analyzed. Result ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.245

20. Microplastics accumulate on pores in seed capsule and delay germination and root growth of the terrestrial vascular plant Lepidium sativum

Author:
Bosker, Thijs; Bouwman, Lotte J.; Brun, Nadja R.; Behrens, Paul; Vijver, Martina G.
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.226 pp. 774-781
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
root growth,   etc   ; Lepidium sativum; adverse effects; bioassays; confocal microscopy; germination; microplastics; plants (botany); root hairs; seeds; sewage sludge;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... The impacts of nano- and microplastics (<100 nm and <5 mm, respectively) on terrestrial systems is to the present largely unexplored. Plastic particles are likely to accumulate in these systems primarily by the application of sewage sludge. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of three sizes of plastic particles (50, 500, and 4800 nm) on a terrestrial plant (cress; Lepidium ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.163