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sawflies, etc ; Diprionidae; Pinus jeffreyi; defoliating insects; hyperparasitism; national parks; Mexico; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sawfly larvae of the family Diprionidae are defoliators of conifers, undergoing cyclical outbreaks. Here, we present a tachinid fly, identified as a Chetogena species, which was found parasitizing diprionid larvae from a recent outbreak on Jeffrey pines (Pinus jeffreyi) in Baja California's Sierra San Pedro Mártir National Park. The findings reported here are a new distributional record for Chetog ...
sawflies, etc ; Angiospermae; Bacillariophyceae; Miocene epoch; Nearctic region; Oligocene epoch; Palearctic region; Tenthredinidae; fossils; new species; France; Germany; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Emphytusmiocenicus sp. nov., first fossil representative of this genus, is described from the upper Miocene of the diatom paleolake of Montagne d’Andance (Ardèche, France). Its placement is ensured by an in-depth comparison with all the extant and fossil genera of the subfamily Allantinae. The representatives of Emphytus are distributed in the Palearctic, Nearctic, and Oriental regions. Empria sam ...
sawflies, etc ; Hoplocampa; Prunus domestica; chemical communication; electroantennography; females; flowers; habitats; headspace analysis; kairomones; larvae; males; nectar; plums; pollen; smell; Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... Black plum sawfly (Hoplocampa minuta) is an important pest species of plum (Prunus domestica). In organic plum orchards, the yield loss caused by H. minuta larval damage can reach almost 100% occasionally. Adults feed on pollen and nectar of the plum flower; therefore, we hypothesize that, besides visual cues, also olfaction plays an important role in habitat and host finding. To understand the ch ...
sawflies, etc ; Neodiprion lecontei; diploidy; ecology; gene flow; genes; genomics; haploidy; hemizygote; models; natural selection; reproduction; single nucleotide polymorphism; sympatric speciation; sympatry; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Although haplodiploidy is widespread in nature, the evolutionary consequences of this mode of reproduction are not well characterized. Here, we examine how genome‐wide hemizygosity and a lack of recombination in haploid males affects genomic differentiation in populations that diverge via natural selection while experiencing gene flow. First, we simulated diploid and haplodiploid “genomes” (500‐kb ...
sawflies, etc ; Diprion pini; Pinus sylvestris; biosynthesis; elicitors; environment; gel electrophoresis; homeostasis; matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry; parasitoids; secretion; ultrafiltration; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Known elicitors of plant defenses against eggs of herbivorous insects are low‐molecular‐weight organic compounds associated with the eggs. However, previous studies provided evidence that also proteinaceous compounds present in secretion associated with eggs of the herbivorous sawfly Diprion pini can elicit defensive responses in Pinus sylvestris. Pine responses induced by the proteinaceous secret ...
sawflies, etc ; Tenthredinidae; biodiversity; new species; China; Korean Peninsula; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The genus Hemibeleses Takeuchi is examined to include the following five species from Korea: H. athaliodes Takeuchi, H. fulva Park & Lee, sp. nov., H. nigriceps Takeuchi, H. shinoharai Park & Lee, sp. nov., and H. ventralis Takeuchi. Hemibeleses athaliodes and H. shinoharai are newly recorded from Korea, and H. fulva is recorded from Korea and China. All are described and illustrated, and a key is ...
sawflies, etc ; Coleoptera; Salicaceae; chemical composition; flavonoids; metabolites; salicylates; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Plants produce multiple specialised metabolites to defend themselves against insect herbivores. Phytochemical diversity plays important roles in plant–insect interactions, but specific roles of its various dimensions are poorly known. Interspecific chemical β‐diversity represents variation in presence of species‐specific metabolites or quantitative variation in concentrations of metabolites common ...
sawflies, etc ; Hoplocampa; dominant species; plums; sex ratio; Hungary; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Three sawfly species (Hoplocampa minuta, Hoplocampa flava, Hoplocampa fulviicornis) have been monitored in plum orchards during the flowering period in three consecutive years at three different locations in Hungary using chromotropic white sticky traps. Black and yellow sawflies (H. minuta and H. flava) are one of the most important pests in plum orchards, however plum-fruit sawfly (Hoplocampa fu ...
sawflies, etc ; Cephus cinctus; Triticum aestivum; entomology; surveys; wheat; Colorado; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... From 2012 through 2020, a survey of wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton, was conducted in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields in Eastern Colorado. In 2013, results showed sawfly infestations concentrated in the northern part of the state with only a few highly infested sites, with 38 of the 94 sampled sites having any infestation (five of which had >50% infestation levels). By 2020 sawfly had ...
sawflies, etc ; Fagus; Ichneumonidae; biological control; equations; forest management; herbivores; models; mortality; parasitism; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... To control sawfly populations that cause a forest management problem due to feeding damage, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of eruptive outbreak in erratic intervals by clarifying the responses of natural enemies to the host population fluctuations. In this study, we investigated annual beech sawfly population fluctuations and its predator, ichneumonid parasitoid wasps (as specialists) ...
sawflies, etc ; Japan; Lepidoptera; color; ecological function; models; posture; predation; temperate forests; China; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Caterpillars (Lepidoptera and Symphyta larvae) employ diverse visual defensive tactics, and effectiveness of such tactics may be highly dynamic across time due to seasonal changes in the predator assemblages and their preferences. However, this has rarely been studied especially in tropical regions. Here we assessed temporal changes in the defensive value of caterpillar color and shape, using six ...
sawflies, etc ; Acantholyda; Parus major; biomass; fledglings; forests; moths; nutritional status; reproductive fitness; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Habitat quality has direct effects on the evolutionary fitness of breeding organisms, which is why it is believed that animals tend to have an evolved preference for the best possible habitats. However, some animals may mistakenly choose to reproduce in habitats that decrease their fitness, resulting in ‘ecological traps’. In this study, we tested whether great tits (Parus major) attracted to area ...
sawflies, etc ; Allantus; Arge; Pergidae; Picromerus bidens; antifeedants; body size; instars; peptides; surveys; toxicity; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Most Asopinae stinkbugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) prey on other insects, including sawfly larvae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Sawfly larvae of the Argidae and Pergidae contain toxic peptides, but whether they are defended against stinkbugs remains poorly studied. A literature survey indicates that no publication is devoted to laboratory tests specifically using these sawflies against stinkbugs. Here, ...
... Observed lower levels of herbivory in mixed compared with monoculture stands have been hypothesized to depend on top‐down forces, through higher predation pressure by natural enemies or through bottom‐up mechanisms through plant quality effects on herbivore performance. In this study, we compared the performance measured as host plant induced mortality, cocoon weight, and predation mortality of th ...
sawflies, etc ; DNA; Gentiana; Tenthredinidae; head; Austria; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Very few sawflies using Gentianaceae as larval host plants have been recorded. We identified larvae collected in Austria on Gentianaasclepiadea L. as Tenthredoatra Linnaeus, 1758 and T.propinqua Klug, 1817. If its current taxonomic circumscription as a single species is accepted, T.atra is a highly polyphagous species, whereas T.propinqua may be more specialised: Gentianaasclepiadea is its first r ...
sawflies, etc ; Beauveria bassiana; Lecanicillium muscarium; Picea; Pristiphora; biodiversity; biological control; conidia; forest pests; forests; integrated pest management; mortality; pathogenicity; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Outbreaks of lesser spruce sawfly, Pristiphora abietina (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), on conifers regularly occur in Turkey and other European countries. Chemical pesticides have been used to contain outbreaks, but those may damage the forest and disturb natural enemies. To minimize the use of chemical pesticides in the management of this forest pest, we identified the entomopathogenic f ...
sawflies, etc ; Cephalcia; body fat; defoliating insects; diapause; entomology; glucose; glycerol; glycogen; lipids; metabolism; metabolites; overwintering; protein content; trehalose; winter; China; Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Nutrient metabolism is crucial for the survival of insects through the diapause. However, little is known about the metabolic mechanism of prolonged diapause. The sawfly, Cephalcia chuxiongica (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae), is a notorious defoliator of pine trees in southwest China. One of the distinguishing biological characteristics of this pest is the prolonged diapause of about 1.5 years. In thi ...
... Investigation of mating-induced trade-offs between reproduction and survival is conducive to provide evolutionary insights into reproductive strategies and aging. Here, we used RNAseq and bioinformatics to reveal mating-induced changes of genes and pathways related to reproduction and survival in female Cephalcia chuxiongica, a pine defoliator with facultative parthenogenesis and long larval dorma ...
sawflies, etc ; Juniperus; Monoctenus; Syrphidae; Zelus; entomologists; zebras; Mexico; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Larvae of the sawfly, Monoctenus sanchezi Smith, are phytophagous on white cedar (Juniperus flaccida Schlechtendal). We report for the first time Zelus tetracanthus (Stål) and Pselliopus zebra (Stål) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and Copestylum caudatum Curran (Diptera: Syrphidae) as predators of the sawfly, which constitute new host records and extend the distribution in Mexico. ...
sawflies, etc ; DNA; Fraxinus excelsior; Tomostethus; forestry; mitochondria; Irish Republic; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... This is the first report of the ash sawfly, Tomostethus nigritus, in the Republic of Ireland. We observed defoliated leaves of Fraxinus excelsior L. and T. nigritus larvae at a forestry plantation in Co. Kildare. Morphological observation of the larvae and DNA analysis using mitochondrial COI barcoding confirmed the identification of this pest of ash. ...