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sexualselection, etc ; animals; males; mating behavior; surveys; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the field of sexual selection, it is common to encounter the idea of ‘sex roles’: choosy and caring females and competitive and promiscuous males. Despite criticism of these stereotypes from some evolutionary biologists, sex roles still appear as a norm in much of the sexual selection-related literature. This may be because scientists anthropomorphize animal behaviours, which raises the questio ...
sexualselection, etc ; adults; color; ecology; males; reproductive success; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ornamental coloration is frequently an honest signal of quality associated with sexual selection. While changes in average environmental conditions affect carotenoid‐ and melanin‐based coloration, no evidence exists that changes in intrinsic environmental predictability affect coloration. Here we experimentally manipulated the intrinsic predictability of precipitation in semi‐natural populations o ...
sexualselection, etc ; birds; data collection; deer; habitats; phylogeny; prediction; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Birds are a remarkable example of how sexual selection can produce diverse ornaments and behaviours. Specialised fighting structures like deer's antlers, in contrast, are mostly absent among birds. Here, we investigated if the birds’ costly mode of locomotion—powered flight—helps explain the scarcity of weapons among members of this clade. Our simulations of flight energetics predicted that the co ...
sexualselection, etc ; aggression; animal behavior; body size; females; fish; males; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Ornamentation found in both sexes, or mutual ornamentation, can be used as a threat signal towards rivals or to bias aggression towards those sharing preferences for mates or other resources. The widespread male bias in ornamentation suggests that sexual selection for these competitive functions is stronger in males, but these functions are rarely compared between the sexes. We investigated intras ...
sexualselection, etc ; Drosophila; females; longevity; males; phylogeny; sexual dimorphism; variance; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Female promiscuity is a pervasive selective force on male reproductive traits, and the strength of sexual selection is predicted to influence the trade‐off between lifespan and reproduction. In species where sexual selection is intense, males are predicted to invest in sexual strategies that shorten their lifespan, potentially resulting in female‐biased sexual dimorphism in longevity. However, com ...
sexualselection, etc ; birds; color; egg shell; eggs; females; weight gain; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... It has been proposed that blue‐green egg coloration is a condition‐dependent female sexual trait that may modify paternal care in a post‐mating sexual selection scenario. This pattern may arise because the pigment responsible for eggshell colouration (biliverdin) may be a costly and limited resource, whose availability is linked to female health state. Thus, it can be predicted that females whose ...
sexualselection, etc ; ecology; females; males; models; reproductive isolation; secondary contact; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Influential models of speciation by sexual selection posit either a single shared preference for a universal display, expressed only when males are locally adapted and hence in high condition, or that shared loci evolve population‐specific alleles for displays and preferences. However, many closely related species instead show substantial differences across categorically different traits. We prese ...
sexualselection, etc ; Gnatocerus cornutus; copulation; ecology; females; longevity; males; sociobiology; spermatozoa; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Females usually encounter males sequentially and should discriminate between potential partners among the males that they encounter. Thus, appropriate sequential mating decisions allow females to gain mate choice benefits in the circumstance of multiple encounters. For example, if mated females can assess the genetic quality of a male prior to mating, they can remate with genetically superior male ...
sexualselection, etc ; Galliformes; birds; courtship; females; head; males; phylogeny; research; tail; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Species in Galliformes have elaborate ritual courtship displays, often including strutting, fluffing of tail or head feathers, and vocal sounds that serve as excellent examples of sexual selection. According to the male orientation to the female while either posturing or moving, these courtship displays of gallinaceous species can be classified into three categories: 1) ‘frontal displays’, 2) ‘lat ...
sexualselection, etc ; Tribolium castaneum; animal behavior; artificial selection; females; males; mating behavior; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Securing females is a crucial determinant of male fitness in many species. Mate-searching efficiency is often associated with increased mobility in males, but an increased investment in movement may reduce other fitness traits via potential trade-offs. In precopulatory sexual selection via female mate choice, the rate of encounter with females and the attractiveness of males are essential to incre ...
sexualselection, etc ; Callosobruchus maculatus; copulation; females; males; phenotype; sperm competition; spermatophores; temperature; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sexual selection theory has proven to be fundamental to our understanding of the male-female (sperm-egg) interactions that characterise fertilisation. However, sexual selection does not operate in a void and abiotic environmental factors have been shown to modulate the outcome of pre-copularory sexual interactions. Environmental modulation of post-copulatory interactions are particularly likely be ...
sexualselection, etc ; Ficedula albicollis; animal behavior; courtship; females; males; motivation; phenotype; songbirds; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Behavioural variation in courtship has become a central theme in the study of sexual selection. Courtship behaviour can vary consistently between males (between-individual variation) due to inherent characteristics of individuals, but males may also plastically adjust their courtship (within-individual variation) in response to the characteristics of the potential breeding mate or the environmenta ...
sexualselection, etc ; W chromosome; Z chromosome; females; gene deletion; genomics; homologous recombination; phylogeny; ratites; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Many paleognaths (ratites and tinamous) have a pair of homomorphic ZW sex chromosomes in contrast to the highly differentiated sex chromosomes of most other birds. To understand the evolutionary causes for the different tempos of sex chromosome evolution, we produced female genomes of 12 paleognathous species and reconstructed the phylogeny and the evolutionary history of paleognathous sex chromos ...
sexualselection, etc ; Acari; allometry; body size; data collection; females; males; parasites; parasitology; research; sexual dimorphism; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... A positive relationship of body size and sexual size dimorphism (males’ size relative to females), called Rensch’s rule, is often observed in comparisons within non-parasitic taxa. However, this allometric relationship has rarely been tested in comparisons across closely related parasite species. Since male sexual rivalry is often regarded as the main cause of this phenomenon, the present study te ...
sexualselection, etc ; Sturnus; adults; body condition; females; males; path analysis; population dynamics; sexual maturity; throat; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Floaters constitute the sexually mature but non-breeding part of populations. Despite being ubiquitous in most species, knowledge about floaters is scarce. Ignoring this significant number of individuals may strongly bias our understanding of population dynamics and sexual selection processes. We used the spotless starling (Sturnus unicolor) to examine whether phenotypical and non-phenotypical var ...
sexualselection, etc ; Drosophila pseudoobscura; energy metabolism; glycogen; homeostasis; life history; locomotion; metabolites; monogamy; phenotype; polyandry; starvation; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sexual selection and sexual conflict are expected to affect all aspects of the phenotype, not only traits that are directly involved in reproduction. Here, we show coordinated evolution of multiple physiological and life‐history traits in response to long‐term experimental manipulation of the mating system in populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura. Development time was extended under polyandry re ...
... Female mate choice is remarkably complex and has wide-ranging implications for the strength and direction of male trait evolution. Yet mating decisions can be fickle and inconsistent. Here, we explored predation risk as a source of variation in the effort a female is willing to invest in acquiring a preferred mate type (“choosiness”). We did so by comparing phonotaxis behaviors of female eastern g ...
... Sperm competition drives traits that enhance fertilization success. The amount of sperm transferred relative to competitors is key for attaining paternity. Female reproductive morphology and male mating order may also influence fertilization, however the outcome for sperm precedence under intense sperm competition remains poorly understood. In the polyandrous spider Pisaura mirabilis, males offer ...
sexualselection, etc ; Drosophila melanogaster; antagonism; body size; courtship; directed evolution; fecundity; females; life history; males; mortality; sociobiology; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Detrimental effect of males on female, often termed mate harm, is a hallmark of sexual conflict. Allowed to evolve unchecked, mate harming traits are predicted to bring down average fitness of a population, unless mitigated by the evolution of resistance in females. In addition, life history may also modulate sexual conflict, but the mechanism is not clearly understood. Here we investigated the ev ...
... Post copulatory interactions between the sexes in internally fertilizing species elicits both sexual conflict and sexual selection. Macroevolutionary and comparative studies have linked these processes to rapid transcriptomic evolution in sex‐specific tissues and substantial transcriptomic post mating responses in females, patterns of which are altered when mating between reproductively isolated s ...