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1. Prioritizing Design Parameters for Stepped Chutes and Shear Stress Distribution

Author:
Khosro Morovati; Hosein Ghaedi; Fuqiang Tian; Saeed Akbari; Christopher Homer
Source:
Water 2021 v.13 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; geometry; mathematical models; prediction; regression analysis; response surface methodology; roughness; surface water;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... parameters, W and S had a significant influence on Vd and Lc; however, the impact of W was more pronounced. Using a regression model for Lc, a cross section was obtained, and the shear stress distribution of the downstream was compared with that of the last step and sidewalls. The shear stress patterns showed that the maximum value shifted from the side walls to the downstream between the lower and higher ...
DOI:
10.3390/w13091155

2. Endothelialization of PDMS-based microfluidic devices under high shear stress conditions

Author:
Asma Siddique; Isabelle Pause; Suman Narayan; Larissa Kruse; Robert W. Stark
Source:
Colloids and surfaces 2021 v.197 pp. 111394
ISSN:
0927-7765
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; cell adhesion; collagen; electrostatic interactions; extracellular matrix; pH; polydimethylsiloxane;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Microfluidic systems made out of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) offer a platform to mimic vascular flow conditions in model systems at well-defined shear stresses. However, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that are physisorbed on the PDMS are not reliably attached under high shear stress conditions, which makes long-term experiments difficult. To overcome this limitation, we functionalized PDMS ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111394

3. Low shear stress-induced endothelial mesenchymal transformation via the down-regulation of TET2

Author:
AFang Li; LiLan Tan; ShuLei Zhang; Jun Tao; Zuo Wang; Dangheng Wei
Source:
Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2021 v.545 pp. 20-26
ISSN:
0006-291X
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; atherosclerosis; carotid arteries; death; research;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death worldwide. Low shear stress plays key roles on the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis (As). However, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the effect of low shear stress on endothelial mesenchymal transformation (EndMT) and its underlying mechanism were explored. Results showed that in cultured human ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.062

4. A Moment-Based Chezy Formula for Bed Shear Stress in Varied Flow

Author:
Mohamed Elgamal
Source:
Water 2021 v.13 no.9 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; air flow; vertical integration; water; water flow;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Despite its limitations, the Chezy bed shear stress formula is commonly used in depth-averaged flow numerical models as closure for estimating mutual tractive stresses with underneath boundaries. This paper proposes a novel moment-based formula that could be considered a revised version of the Chezy formula and can be used to estimate local variations of the bed shear stress under more complex ...
DOI:
10.3390/w13091254

5. Prediction of boundary shear stress distribution in straight open channels using velocity distribution

Author:
Behzad Malvandi; Mahmoud F. Maghrebi
Source:
Water Science and Engineering 2021 v.14 no.2 pp. 159-166
ISSN:
1674-2370
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; models; prediction; water;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Conventional methods for measuring local shear stress on the wetted perimeter of open channels are related to the measurement of the very low velocity close to the boundary. Measuring near-zero velocity values with high fluctuations has always been a difficult task for fluid flow near solid boundaries. To solve the observation problems, a new model was developed to estimate the distribution ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.wse.2021.03.005

6. Determination of rill erodibility and critical shear stress of saturated purple soil slopes

Author:
Dandan Li; Xiaoyan Chen; Zhen Han; Xiaojie Gu; Yanhai Li
Source:
International soil and water conservation research 2021 pp. -
ISSN:
2095-6339
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; analytical methods; erodibility; hydrology; research; rill erosion; water conservation;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The hydrological conditions near the soil surface influence the soil erosion process, as determined by the soil erodibility and critical shear stress. The soil erodibility and critical shear stress of saturated purple soil slopes were computed and compared with those of unsaturated purple soil slopes. The detachment capacities computed through the numerical method (NM), modified numerical method ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.iswcr.2021.04.013

7. Assessment of Critical Shear Stress and Threshold Velocity in Shallow Flow with Sand Particles

Author:
Reza Shahmohammadi; Hossein Afzalimehr; Jueyi Sui
Source:
Water 2021 v.13 no.7 pp. -
ISSN:
2073-4441
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; Reynolds number; acoustics; particle size; sand; water;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... threshold average and near-bed velocities were derived. Results showed that the threshold velocity was directly proportional to both sediment particle size and water depth. The vertical distributions of the Reynolds shear stress showed an increase from the bed to about 0.1 of the water’s depth, after performing a damping area, then a decrease toward the water surface. By extending the linear portion ...
DOI:
10.3390/w13070994

8. Simulation of Swirling Flow with a Vortex Breakdown Using Modified Shear Stress Transport Model

Author:
Yaser H. Alahmadi; Sawsan A. Awadh; Andrzej F. Nowakowski
Source:
Industrial & engineering chemistry process design and development 2021 v.60 no.16 pp. 6016-6026
ISSN:
1520-5045
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; chemistry; process design; turbulent flow; viscosity;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The well-known Shear Stress Transport (SST k–ω) turbulence model was modified and examined. Two industrially relevant problems with curved and rotating channels have been selected to assess the modification potential: a rotating lid in a confined cylinder and swirling flow through a three-dimensional abrupt expansion pipe. The postulated amendment simplified the rotation and curvature correction ...
DOI:
10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00158

9. Do root hairs of barley and maize roots reinforce soil under shear stress?

Author:
Emma Burak; Ian C. Dodd; John N. Quinton
Source:
Geoderma 2021 v.383 pp. 114740
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; barley; corn; root hairs; root systems; soil; surface area; tensile strength;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Roots reinforce soil by acting as soil pins, dissipating shear stresses and anchoring the soil in place. By protruding into the soil and binding to soil particles, root hairs increase root-soil contact and aid root anchorage. However, it is not yet known whether this ability to anchor roots affects the root system’s ability to reinforce soil. Using a laboratory box shearing rig, this study ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114740

10. Lateral distribution of depth average velocity & boundary shear stress in a gravel bed open channel flow

Author:
Prateek Kumar Singh; Sumit Banerjee; Bandita Naik; Arun Kumar; Kishanjit Kumar Khatua
Source:
ISH journal of hydraulic engineering 2021 v.27 no.1 pp. 23-37
ISSN:
2164-3040
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; bedload; computer software; gravel; mathematical models;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Gravel bed flow is so generic condition that its study becomes fascinating as well as critical to apprehend flow characteristic. In this particular study, no bed load movement was maintained using grains of 13.5 mm (D₅₀ value) characterised as no load condition. Depth Average Velocity (DAV) and the Boundary Shear Stress (BSS) has been experimentally estimated for five different depths ...
DOI:
10.1080/09715010.2018.1505562

11. Combined effect of shear stress and laser-patterned topography on Schwann cell outgrowth: synergistic or antagonistic?

Author:
Eleftheria Babaliari; Paraskevi Kavatzikidou; Anna Mitraki; Yannis Papaharilaou; Anthi Ranella; Emmanuel Stratakis
Source:
Biomaterials science 2021 v.9 no.4 pp. 1334-1344
ISSN:
2047-4849
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; biocompatible materials; cell culture; central nervous system; medicine; neurons; peripheral nervous system; polyethylene terephthalates; topography;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... with specific custom-designed chambers, incorporating laser-microstructured polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates comprising microgrooves, was fabricated to assess the combined effect of shear stress and topography on Schwann cells' behavior. The microgrooves were positioned either parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the flow inside the chambers. Additionally, the cell culture results were ...
DOI:
10.1039/d0bm01218a

12. Role of shear stress in biological aerated filter with nanobubble aeration: Performance, biofilm structure and microbial community

Author:
Wanting Xiao; Guoren Xu; Guibai Li
Source:
Bioresource technology 2021 v.325 pp. 124714
ISSN:
0960-8524
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; aeration; biofilm; biofilters; dissolved oxygen; microbial communities; nanobubbles; oxygen;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study comprehensively investigated the role of shear stress in a biological aerated filter under nanobubble aeration with the operation of an internal reflux and mechanical bubbling, where nanobubbles provide an opportunity to separately assess the effect of the hydraulic shear stress and aeration on the properties of the biofilms. Shear stress optimized the oxygen distribution, which ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124714

13. A weak shear stress microfluidic device based on Viscoelastic Stagnant Region (VSR) for biosensitive particle capture

Author:
Yuwen Lu; Wei Tan; Xin Shi; Mingwei Liu; Guorui Zhu
Source:
Talanta 2021 v.233 pp. 122550
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; Crypthecodinium cohnii; biocompatibility; deformation; molecular biology; particle size; polyethylene glycol; polystyrenes; viscoelasticity;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Particle manipulation in microfluidic devices is of great significance in biological research. However, currently available inertial capture methods require relatively high flow rates, which will cause damage to biological particles, especially for single-celled organisms that are sensitive to environments. Herein, we demonstrate a label-free, size-based, low shear stress manipulation method ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122550

14. GluBam beams: Influence of the roughness of the bamboo laminas on the shear stress and the sliding modulus of bonded joint

Author:
Edgar V.M. Carrasco; Mônica A. Smits; Rejane C. Alves; Vinnicius D. Pizzol; Ana L.C. Oliveira; Judy N.R. Mantilla
Source:
Biosystems engineering 2021 v.203 pp. 98-108
ISSN:
1537-5110
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; bamboos; roughness; surface roughness;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The objective of this work is to determine the influence of the roughness of the laminas on the shear stress and sliding modulus of a bamboo–bamboo glued bond. Six types of surface treatments were made on bamboo laminas. For each surface treatment the surface roughness, the rupture shear stress, and the sliding modulus were obtained. It was concluded that to obtain a GluBam beam with high ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2020.12.016

15. Numerical approach-based simulation to predict cerebrovascular shear stress in a blood-brain barrier organ-on-a-chip

Author:
Sehoon Jeong; Jae-Hyeong Seo; Kunal Sandip Garud; Sung Woo Park; Moo-Yeon Lee
Source:
Biosensors & bioelectronics 2021 v.183 pp. 113197
ISSN:
0956-5663
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; biosensors; blood-brain barrier; cell culture; endothelial cells; organ-on-a-chip; porosity; simulation models; therapeutics;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... stress for the microfluidic BBB-on-a-chip. The in vivo level shear stress was predicted for various conditions of volume flow rates, porosities of the polycarbonate membrane of the BBB model, and dimensions of the microfluidic channel. The in vivo shear stress of the microfluidic BBB model increased with a decrease in the dimension of the microfluidic channel and a decrease in the porosity. The in vivo ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.bios.2021.113197

16. Treated wastewater reuse in micro-irrigation: effect of shear stress on biofilm development kinetics and chemical precipitation

Author:
Nancy Rizk; Nassim Ait-Mouheb; Bruno Molle; Nicolas Roche
Source:
Environmental technology 2021 v.42 no.2 pp. 206-216
ISSN:
1479-487X
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; X-ray diffraction; biofilm; calcite; calcium carbonate; chemical precipitation; environmental technology; microirrigation; thermogravimetry; wastewater; water reuse;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... the development of biofilm and composition of fouling due to TWW under shear stresses of 0.7, 2.2 and 4.4 Pa detected along micro-irrigation systems. For this purpose, a Taylor-Couette reactor (TCR) was specifically calibrated for the cultivation of biofilm. The analysis of fouling composition samples (organic and inorganic) shows that biofilm tends to develop under the highest shear stress value (4.4 Pa ...
DOI:
10.1080/09593330.2019.1625956

17. Aggregation and breakup of colloidal particle aggregates in shear flow: A combined Monte Carlo - Stokesian dynamics approach

Author:
Graziano Frungieri; Marco Vanni
Source:
Powder technology 2021 v.388 pp. 357-370
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; algorithms; models; technology;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... . Liquid-solid suspensions subject to a uniform shear stress are investigated. The model is seen to be able to reproduce the typical dynamic steady state which is observed in colloidal suspensions under severe shearing, in which the effects of aggregation and breakup balance each other. The structural properties of the aggregates and the dynamics of the aggregation and breakup phenomena are characterized ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2021.04.076

18. Hemorheological responses to an acute bout of maximal exercise in Veterans with Gulf War Illness

Author:
Wei Qian; Jacquelyn C. Klein-Adams; Duncan S. Ndirangu; Yang Chen; Michael J. Falvo; Michael R. Condon
Source:
Life sciences 2021 v.280 pp. 119714
ISSN:
0024-3205
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; deformation; erythrocytes; exercise;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... performed maximal exercise and provided blood samples (pre-, immediately post- and 60-min post-exercise). We calculated RBC deformation at infinite stress (EIMAX), shear stress for half-deformation (SS₁/₂) and their ratio (SS₁/₂/EIMAX) via repeated measures ANOVA with group and time as factors.A moderate interaction effect (p = 0.08, η²ₚ = 0.10), large main effect for group (p = 0.02, η²ₚ = 0.19 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119714

19. Designing scalable elastomeric anti-fouling coatings: Shear strain dissipation via interfacial cavitation

Author:
Majid Mohseni; Zahra Azimi Dijvejin; Kevin Golovin
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2021 v.589 pp. 556-567
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; energy; physical phases;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... for large scale applications. Foulant dimensions constrain the design of anti-fouling elastomeric coatings as an applied shear stress can only be exerted at a height above the interface that is less than the foulant thickness. Design rules are presented for the correct fabrication of elastomers to be used as anti-fouling coatings over large interfacial areas. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.019

20. In situ mechanical testing of an Al matrix composite to investigate compressive plasticity and failure on multiple length scales

Author:
Tianjiao Lei; Jenna L. Wardini; Olivia K. Donaldson; Timothy J. Rupert
Source:
Journal of materials science 2021 v.56 no.13 pp. 8259-8275
ISSN:
0022-2461
Subject:
shear stress,   etc   ; deformation; microstructure; plasticity;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... , which yield an interface strength that is much higher than the critical resolved shear stress for a pillar exhibiting both shear localization and interface debonding. Therefore, the matrix–particle interface is ruled out as a possible weak point, and instead, shear localization is identified as the mechanism that can drive subsequent interface debonding. ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10853-021-05789-2