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skeletalmuscle, etc ; CRISPR-Cas systems; Oreochromis niloticus; aquaculture; basement membrane; body size; body weight; brain; carp; condition factor; fins; fluorescence; gene expression; genes; growth performance; head; hybridization; males; mammals; muscles; mutants; mutation; myostatin; phenotype; phylogeny; sexual dimorphism; specific growth rate; weight gain; Show all 28 Subjects
Abstract:
... Tilapia is the second most prolific species grown in aquaculture after carp, and is widely grown in >100 countries. Myostatin (MSTN) has been proved to be a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. Mutation of MSTN gene resulted in significant increase in both body size and muscle mass in vertebrates, mostly with a species-specific effect. To generate a new strain in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; mitochondria; muscles; oxidative stress; Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The accumulation of ROS, mainly due to increased mitochondrial production and/or decreased scavenger systems, is often associated with the term oxidative stress, used to define a condition judged to be problematic for muscle cells [...] ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; muscular atrophy; protein synthesis; Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Skeletal muscle size is highly plastic and sensitive to a variety of stimuli. Muscle atrophy occurs as the result of changes in multiple signaling pathways that regulate both protein synthesis and degradation. The signaling pathways that are activated or inhibited depend on the specific stimuli that are altered. To view this SnapShot, open of download the PDF. ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; ghrelin; ghrelin receptors; metabolism; muscles; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The orexigenic hormone ghrelin has multifaceted roles in health and disease. We have reported that ablation of the ghrelin receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), protects against metabolic dysfunction of adipose tissues in aging. Our further observation interestingly revealed that GHS-R deficiency phenocopies the effects of myokine irisin. In this study, we aim to determine whethe ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; brain; divergent evolution; genomics; humans; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: While the evolutionary divergence of cis-regulatory sequences impacts translation initiation sites (TISs), the implication of tandem repeats (TRs) in TIS selection remains largely elusive. Here, we employed the TIS homology concept to study a possible link between TRs of all core lengths and repeats with TISs. METHODS: Human, as reference sequence, and 83 other species were selected, a ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; biocompatible materials; biotechnology; muscles; therapeutics; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Severe skeletal muscle injuries are a lifelong trauma with limited medical solutions. Significant progress has been made in developing in vitro surrogates for treating these traumas. However, more attention is needed when translating these approaches to the clinic. In this review, we survey the potential of tissue-engineered surrogates in promoting muscle healing, by critically analyzing data from ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; elderly; females; males; questionnaires; sarcopenia; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Background: SARC-F is a simple sarcopenia screening tool. This study aimed to examine the validity of the Italian version of SARC-F. Methods: A total of 97 elderly individuals (37/60 males/females, 65 years and older) who met the study’s selection criteria were included. SARC-F was translated into the Italian language in a culturally responsive manner. The total score was calculated by adding the ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; aerobiosis; exercise; hemochromatosis; iron; mice; myoglobin; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... •Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common iron loading condition often associated with fatigue and reduced exercise tolerance, although the biochemical changes causing these symptoms are unclear.•We investigated the effect of HH on skeletal muscles of aged mice.•We show that HH in mice is associated with increased skeletal muscle iron and a reduction in proteins associated with oxidative metabo ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; genetic background; genetics; muscles; muscular atrophy; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Genetic background may partly explain differences in muscle responses to internal or external stimuli. Muscle disuse involves various degrees of skeletal muscle atrophy due to inactivity and mechanical unloading. Whether and to which extent genetic background impacts disuse atrophy and retraining in individuals of different ages are currently unclear. Here, we provide a brief overview of relevant ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; computed tomography; elderly; experimental design; nutrition; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Patients with cancer are more prone to experience myosteatosis than healthy individuals. The aim of this review was to summarize the methodologies applied for low skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) assessment in oncology patients, as well as to describe the major findings related to SMD and cancer outcomes. This scoping review included studies that were published until November 2020 in English, Po ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; exercise; gene expression; glucocorticoid receptors; glucocorticoids; myotubes; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Glucocorticoids are released in response to acute aerobic exercise. The objective was to define changes in the expression of glucocorticoid target genes in skeletal muscle in response to acute aerobic exercise at different times of day. We identified glucocorticoid target genes altered in skeletal muscle by acute exercise by comparing data sets from rodents subjected to acute aerobic exercise in t ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; blood serum; body fat; feeds; milk; urine; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... β₂-agonists are a group of synthetic phenylethanolamine compounds which are traditionally used for treating bronchospasm. These compounds can also increase skeletal muscle mass and decrease body fat. The illegal use of β₂-agonists in food-producing animals results in residue of β₂-agonists in edible tissues and causes adverse health effects in humans. Thus, the detection of β₂-agonists at trace le ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; computed tomography; nutrition; regression analysis; subcutaneous fat; Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... The presence of myosteatosis is one factor associated with poor prognosis for patients with cirrhosis; however, the factors contributing to worsening myosteatosis are, to our knowledge, unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the changes in myosteatosis, and the factors involved in these changes. The present study enrolled 178 patients with cirrhosis who underwent computed tomography twice t ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; actin; asparagine; aspartic acid; peptides; polymerization; therapeutics; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... The interaction of N-terminal extension of the myosin A1 essential light chain (A1 ELC) with actin is receiving increasing attention as a target in utilizing synthetic A1 ELC N-terminal-derived peptides in cardiac dysfunction therapy. To elucidate the mechanism by which these peptides regulate actin-myosin interaction, here we have investigated their effects on the myosin subfragment 1 (S1)-induce ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; gene expression; microRNA; muscle development; muscles; myoblasts; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Numerous studies have established the critical roles of microRNAs in regulating post-transcriptional gene expression in diverse biological processes. Here, we report on the role and mechanism of miR-24-3p in skeletal muscle differentiation and regeneration. miR-24-3p promotes myoblast differentiation and skeletal muscle regeneration by directly targeting high mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) and r ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; desmin; homeostasis; mitochondria; muscles; myofibrils; smooth muscle; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Desmin is the primary intermediate filament (IF) of cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. By linking the contractile myofibrils to the sarcolemma and cellular organelles, desmin IF contributes to muscle structural and cellular integrity, force transmission, and mitochondrial homeostasis. Mutations in desmin cause myofibril misalignment, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired mechanical integrity ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; bioinformatics; computer simulation; electrophysiology; humans; muscles; phenotype; transcriptome; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Skeletal muscle tissue engineering aims at generating biological substitutes that restore, maintain or improve normal muscle function; however, the quality of cells produced by current protocols remains insufficient. Here, we developed a multifactor-based protocol that combines adenovector (AdV)-mediated MYOD expression, small molecule inhibitor and growth factor treatment, and electrical pulse st ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; muscles; postnatal development; puberty; stem cells; young adults; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... During development, resident stem cell populations contribute to the growth and maturation of tissue and organs. In skeletal muscle, muscle stem cells, or satellite cells (SCs), are responsible for the maturation of postnatal myofibers. However, the role SCs play in later stages of postnatal growth, and thus, when they enter a mature quiescent state is controversial. Here, we discuss the current l ...
skeletalmuscle, etc ; glucocorticoids; mechanical loads; muscles; muscular atrophy; strength training; Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Glucocorticoid excess is a critical factor contributing to muscle atrophy. Both endogenous and exogenous glucocorticoids negatively affect the preservation of muscle mass and function. To date, the most effective intervention to prevent muscle atrophy is to apply a mechanical load in the form of resistance exercise. However, glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy easily causes fatigue in d ...
Su-Jeong Kim; Anjali Devgan; Brendan Miller; Sam Mool Lee; Hiroshi Kumagai; Kenneth A. Wilson; Gabriella Wassef; Richard Wong; Hemal H. Mehta; Pinchas Cohen; Kelvin Yen
skeletalmuscle, etc ; autophagy; cell viability; humans; longevity; mitochondria; peptides; therapeutics; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Autophagy, a highly conserved homeostatic mechanism, is essential for cell survival. The decline of autophagy function has been implicated in various diseases as well as aging. Although mitochondria play a key role in the autophagy process, whether mitochondrial-derived peptides are involved in this process has not been explored.We developed a high through put screening method to identify potentia ...