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wheat straw, etc ; carbon dioxide; fungi; microbial biomass; toluene; volatile organic compounds; China; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... As a common practice in agricultural system, straw return has been reported to release a large number of trace gases and attracted much attention. However, the role of straw return in toluene emission remains poorly understood. In this study we measured the emissions of toluene as well as other 50 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wheat straw return for 66 days under flooded and non-flooded c ...
rice straw, etc ; adhesion; biomass; calcium silicate; dolomite; energy; liquids; magnesium silicates; temperature; thermodynamics; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... A self-designed tester is used to study the ash adhesion strength of straw biomass and the effect of dolomite additive. TG-DSC, SEM-EDX, XRD and thermodynamic equilibrium are applied to analyze the thermal behaviors, mineral transformation and liquid phase formations of ash samples. The results indicate that the adhesion strength of rice straw ash appears at 600 °C, increases rapidly above 700 °C, ...
straw, etc ; alternative fuels; biomass; coal; combustion; corn; heating systems; pollutants; variance; villages; China; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Straw pellets are widely promoted and expected to be a cleaner alternative fuel to unprocessed crop residues and raw coal in rural China. However, the effectiveness of these dissemination programs is not well evaluated. In this field study, emission characteristics of burning straw pellets, raw coal, and unprocessed corn cobs in heating stoves were investigated in a pilot village in Northeast Chin ...
rice straw, etc ; CRISPR-Cas systems; brown rice; cadmium; cultivars; genes; germplasm; hydroponics; mutants; paddies; plant growth; seedlings; China; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The OsLCD gene, which has been implicated in cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice, might be a useful target for CRISPR/Cas9 editing. However, the effects of OsLCD gene editing on Cd accumulation, plant growth, and yield traits remain unknown. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate oslcd single mutants from indica and japonica rice cultivars. We also generated osnramp5 single mutants and oslcd osnramp5 ...
... Conservation tillage, defined as no-till with/without straw stubble covering, reduced tillage, or minimum tillage in this study, is widely used to mitigate the negative effects of intensive tillage. Achieving sustainable agricultural development and eco-environmental protection requires a deeper understanding of the effect of conservation tillage on soil chemical properties (e.g., organic matter ( ...
... Microplastics (MPs) can affect soil organic carbon (C) cycling in paddy soil by changing microbial function and soil properties. In this study, a laboratory incubation experiment was applied to explore the effect of polyethylene (PE) MP on methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from paddy soils after rice straw addition. Moreover, the microbial functional genes encoding CH₄ oxidation and ...
... A study was carried out during two consecutive years (2018-19 and 2019-20) on a loamy sand soil at Anand, Gujarat, India to study the effectiveness of mulch-based weed management in organically grown turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) production. The wheat straw mulch 5 t/ha applied at 0-3 days after planting (DAP) fb hand weeding (HW) at 30, 60 and 90 DAP and rice straw mulch 5 t/ha (0-3 DAP) fb HW at 3 ...
corn straw; rice straw; wheat straw, etc ; aerosols; biomass; combustion; environment; health effects assessments; heating systems; inventories; volatile organic compounds; China; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Household combustion of biomass straw for cooking or heating is one of the most important emission sources of intermediate volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds (I/SVOCs). However, there are limited studies on the emission factors (EFs) and speciation profiles of I/SVOCs from household stoves burning biomass straw. In this study, experiments were conducted in a typical Chinese stove to te ...
corn straw; rice straw; wheat straw, etc ; greenhouse gas emissions; life cycle assessment; paddy soils; rural development; staple crops; surveys; China; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The comprehensive utilization of straw plays an important role in GHG emissions reduction. The main breakthrough point of promoting straw resource utilization in China is on staple crops. In this study, the current straw utilization and treatment status of staple crops in rural China were studied based on data from the 2019 China Rural Development Survey, which included five provinces, 100 village ...
rice straw; straw mulches, etc ; color; fruit quality; fruiting; horticulture; juices; pericarp; strawberries; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Effect of different type of mulches on fruit development of ‘Winter Dawn’ strawberries was investigated. The plants were mulched with silver-black, black and red plastic mulches and paddy straw. The observations on physical and biochemical attributes were documented at six fruit developmental stages viz., small green (7 DAFS) (S1), large green (14 DAFS) (S2), white (21 DAFS) (S3), initial red (28 ...
corn straw; wheat straw, etc ; absorption; biomass; carbon; corn; environment; half life; rice; Asia; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Straw burning comprises more than 30% of all types of burned biomass in Asia, while the estimation of the emitted aerosols' direct radiative forcing effect suffers from large uncertainties, especially when atmospheric aging processes are considered. In this study, the light absorption properties of primary and aged straw burning aerosols in open fire were characterized at 7 wavelengths ranging fro ...
corn straw; rice straw; wheat straw, etc ; bioethanol; biogas; carbon dioxide; corn; electricity; electricity generation; feedstocks; issues and policy; rice; sustainable development; wheat; China; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bioenergy is recognized as a promising alternative for future energy demand and decarbonization development. Crop straw, especially wheat, rice, and maize straw, is one of the significant feedstocks for bioenergy production. However, the production potential of different types of bioenergy from crop straw, and its potential to reduce CO₂ emissions are poorly understood. Thus, we collected crop str ...
corn straw; rice straw; wheat straw, etc ; acid soils; biochar; carbon dioxide; corn; environment; heavy metals; mineralization; polluted soils; rice; soil organic matter; wheat; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The simultaneous stabilization of heavy metals and organic matter in polluted soil has received little research attention. In this study, we studied the immobilization of Cu and Cd and the mineralization of organic matter in the acidic soil amended with biochar produced from rice, wheat, corn, and rape straws through incubation experiments. Compared with that in the control treatment, the availabi ...
corn straw; rice straw; wheat straw, etc ; biomass; cooling; economic performance; energy; equipment; feasibility studies; gasification; heat; hybrids; issues and policy; tariffs; wood products; Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... The multi-objective optimization of the hybrid biomass gasification-based combined cooling, heating and power (BGBCCHP) system with respects to economy, energy and environment were realized. A feasibility study of adding the electric chiller (EC) and heat storage tank (HST) to the system was performed. An improved following hybrid electric-thermal load (IFHL) strategy was proposed. Three operating ...
barley straw; straw mulches; wheat straw, etc ; climate change; environment; greenhouses; reduced tillage; soil temperature; soil water content; spring barley; stubble; summer; weather; winter wheat; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... CO2 emissions represent one of the greenhouse gases significantly affecting climate change. Reduced tillage practices can contribute to the mitigation of CO2 emissions from soils. The effect of tillage practices with different straw incorporation on CO2 emissions was studied in field experiments in the years 2020 and 2021. The winter wheat straw was used in 2020, and spring barley straw in 2021. T ...
corn straw; wheat straw, etc ; agronomy; field experimentation; no-tillage; rotary tillage; soil organic carbon; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Conservation tillage has been widely adopted to improve soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. To assess the effects of different tillage and residue-returning modes on SOC mineralizability and accumulation, a field experiment was conducted in 2015, including two tillage modes, i.e., no-tillage (NT) and rotary-tillage (RT), as well as three straw-returning modes, i.e., no straw returning (N0), wh ...
corn straw; wheat straw, etc ; adsorption; bioavailability; biochar; cadmium; fractionation; freeze-thaw cycles; pollution; spectral analysis; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Aging is an important natural process affecting the physiochemical properties of biochar, while mechanistic understanding of its effect on the adsorbed heavy metals is still lacking. After adsorption of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺, biochars produced from wheat straw (WS) and maize straw (MS) at 300 and 500 °C (denoted as WS300, WS500, MS300, and MS500, respectively) were subjected to 60 cycles of wet–dry or fre ...
... Optimizing yields while reducing soil CO₂ emissions in cropping systems has become the focus of agricultural study. To explore effective ways to achieve the balance, short-term field experiments (2018–2020) were conducted in North China Plain. Three replications of three-factor combinations of two tillage systems (i.e., no-tillage and conventional tillage), two straw management (i.e., no straw and ...
... The accuracy of CowAlert IceQube sensors (IceRobotics Ltd., Edinburgh, UK) for recording lying duration, standing and lying transitions and number of steps when dairy cows where at pasture, in cubicle housing and in a straw yard, was investigated. Holstein Friesian cows at Harper Adams University, UK were fitted with IceQube sensors; one on the back left (BL) leg and one on the front left (FL) leg ...
... During threshing rice straw is broken, it becomes mixed with the grains, but it is separated from the grains in the subsequent cleaning process. Reducing broken rice straw can thus help improve cleaning performance. The effect of concentric and non-concentric threshing gaps on threshing performance is different. In this paper, rigid short and flexible long rice straw models were established using ...