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1. Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater depletion in Punjab, India

Author:
Sidhu, Balwinder Singh; Sharda, Rakesh; Singh, Sandeep
Source:
Groundwater for sustainable development 2021 v.12 pp. 100498
ISSN:
2352-801X
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; area; cropping systems; depth; drinking; evaporation; flow; groundwater; industry; irrigation; irrigation water; issues and policy; paper; rice; sustainable development; water shortages; water table; India;     Show all 18 Subjects
Abstract:
... Groundwater (GW) is a vital source of water supply for drinking, irrigation, and industry in most parts of India. In Punjab, the adoption of the rice-wheat cropping system has led to a manifold increase in the irrigation water demand, and about 73% of it is met from GW. Consequently, the GW level in the state is declining rapidly due to its overuse and misuse. To conserve irrigation water, the Gov ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100498

2. Puddled and zero-till unpuddled transplanted rice are each best suited to different environments – An example from two diverse locations in the Eastern Gangetic Plains of Bangladesh

Author:
Chaki, Apurbo K.; Gaydon, Donald S.; Dalal, Ram C.; Bellotti, William D.; Gathala, Mahesh K.; Hossain, Akbar; Siddquie, Nur-E-Alam; Menzies, Neal W.
Source:
Field crops research 2021 v.262 pp. 108031
ISSN:
0378-4290
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; administrative management; agricultural conservation practice; coarse-textured soils; crop failure; edaphic factors; fertilizers; field crops; field experimentation; fine-textured soils; grain yield; irrigation management; nitrogen; no-tillage; puddling; research; rice; sandy loam soils; seasons; silt loam soils; water; Bangladesh;     Show all 22 Subjects
Abstract:
... Rice is predominantly grown on puddled soils (puddling is achieved through wet tillage in ponded water to create a soft soil environment and impermeable sub-soil layer) in the Eastern Gangetic Plains (EGP) of Bangladesh. Puddling is often discouraged while practicing conservation agriculture (CA) to achieve maximum system benefit. Zero-till unpuddled transplanted rice (ZT UPTR) could be a good sub ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fcr.2020.108031

3. Field study on the treatment of collapsible loess using vibratory probe compaction method

Author:
Gao, Changhui; Du, Guangyin; Liu, Songyu; Zhang, Dingwen; Zhang, Kun; Zeng, Biao
Source:
Engineering geology 2020 v.274 pp. 105715
ISSN:
0013-7952
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; equipment; loess; railroads; spectral analysis;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... A successful case history of using vibratory probe compaction method to treat collapsible loess foundation is presented in this study, where the equipment and execution process of the compaction method are introduced in detail. The results are presented of a project at the construction of the Zhong-Lan high-speed railway, comprising laboratory tests and field tests including standard penetration t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105715

4. Evaluation of complex site effects through experimental methods and numerical modelling: The case history of Arquata del Tronto, central Italy

Author:
Giallini, Silvia; Pizzi, Alberto; Pagliaroli, Alessandro; Moscatelli, Massimiliano; Vignaroli, Gianluca; Sirianni, Pietro; Mancini, Marco; Laurenzano, Giovanna
Source:
Engineering geology 2020 v.272 pp. 105646
ISSN:
0013-7952
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; earthquakes; geophysics; mathematical models; physical phenomena; villages; Italy;     Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work deals with the experimental and numerical evaluation of the local seismic response of Arquata del Tronto area (Marche Region, central Italy), severely struck by the Mw 6.0 August 24th, 2016 earthquake. Arquata main village rises on elongated WNW-ESE-trending ridge of the central Apennines thrust-belt (central Italy), at elevations about 170 m higher than the underlying alluvial valleys w ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105646

5. Scavenging and recycling deep soil nitrogen using cover crops on mid-Atlantic, USA farms

Author:
Hirsh, Sarah M.; Duiker, Sjoerd W.; Graybill, Jeff; Nichols, Kelly; Weil, Ray R.
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2021 v.309 pp. 107274
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; Raphanus sativus; Trifolium incarnatum; Zea mays; agriculture; autumn; biomass; cash crops; corn; cover crops; cropping systems; ecosystems; environment; farms; fertilizer rates; forage; grasses; leaves; minimum tillage; nitrates; nitrogen; nitrogen content; nitrogen fertilizers; nutrient use efficiency; radishes; recycling; seedlings; soil profiles; spring; topsoil; winter;     Show all 31 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the mid-Atlantic USA region, nitrogen uptake by crops ceases about four weeks prior to harvest maturity, leaving substantial mineral N in the soil profile, which is prone to leach during the winter. Deep-rooted cover crops planted by early-September can potentially take up residual N and recycle some of it for following cash crops. We performed experiments on 19 minimum-tillage, grain farms inv ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2020.107274

6. Comparing deep soil organic carbon stocks under kiwifruit and pasture land uses in New Zealand

Author:
Gentile, Roberta M.; Malepfane, Ntwanano M.; van den Dijssel, Carlo; Arnold, Nathan; Liu, Jian; Müller, Karin
Source:
Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2021 v.306 pp. 107190
ISSN:
0167-8809
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; Actinidia chinensis; agriculture; carbon nitrogen ratio; carbon sequestration; carbon sinks; depth; dynamics; ecosystem services; ecosystems; environment; horticultural crops; horticulture; kiwifruit; land use; natural capital; nitrogen; orchards; pastures; root systems; soil organic carbon; soil profiles; soil types; topsoil; vines; water; New Zealand;     Show all 27 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soil organic carbon (SOC) is important natural capital for agricultural production, as it affects soil physical, chemical and biological functions and the provision of ecosystem services. Measures of land-use effects on SOC stocks generally focus on the top 0.3 m of soil, as the topsoil has the highest SOC concentration. However, while subsoil horizons have low SOC concentrations, they contain a g ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.agee.2020.107190

7. Site effects and damage scenarios: The case study of two historic centers following the 2016 Central Italy earthquake

Author:
Brando, Giuseppe; Pagliaroli, Alessandro; Cocco, Giulia; Di Buccio, Francesco
Source:
Engineering geology 2020 v.272 pp. 105647
ISSN:
0013-7952
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; buildings; case studies; data collection; earthquakes; geographic information systems; geophysics; probability; probability distribution; Italy;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The great influence of site effects on damage patterns produced by seismic events of the past, stresses out the need to find proper relationships between the site local conditions and the potential damage that existing buildings may experience under earthquakes of different intensity.This issue proved to be relevant, especially for those masonry buildings in small historic centers, such as the one ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105647

8. A new interpretation of the common heritage of mankind in the context of the international law of the sea

Author:
Wang, Chuanliang; Chang, Yen-Chiang
Source:
Ocean & coastal management 2020 v.191 pp. 105191
ISSN:
0964-5691
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; coastal zone management; cultural heritage; international law; marine environment; marine resources;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... After Arvid Pardo recommended that the seabed and subsoil beyond national jurisdiction should be regarded as Common Heritage of Mankind (hereinafter CHM), put forward the proposal of an international seabed system, the principle of CHM was perceived as the foundation of a specific marine legal regime. Later, the principle of CHM was stipulated, both in the General Assembly Resolution 2749 (XXV) an ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105191

9. Mapping cation exchange capacity using a quasi-3d joint inversion of EM38 and EM31 data

Author:
Zhao, Dongxue; Li, Nan; Zare, Ehsan; Wang, Jie; Triantafilis, John
Source:
Soil & tillage research 2020 v.200 pp. 104618
ISSN:
0167-1987
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; algorithms; cation exchange capacity; cations; computer software; models; prediction; regression analysis; soil electrical conductivity; topsoil;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cation exchange capacity (CEC, cmol(+) kg⁻¹) is a measure of the capacity of soil to retain and exchange cations. However, it is expensive to sample and directly measure across a heterogenous field and at different depths. To add value to limited data, proximally sensed apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECₐ, mS m⁻¹) from electromagnetic (EM) instruments has been coupled to CEC at each depth t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.still.2020.104618

10. Sustaining wealth: Simulating a sovereign wealth fund for the UK's oil and gas resources, past and future

Author:
Atkinson, Giles; Hamilton, Kirk
Source:
Energy policy 2020 v.139 pp. 111273
ISSN:
0301-4215
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; balance sheet; income; macroeconomics; oils; shale gas; uncertainty; United Kingdom;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Exhaustible resources and the revenues they generate present a number of broad problems for macroeconomic management. For example, tax revenues can be large and highly volatile, and the stream of revenues is finite. An increasing number of countries now view resource funds and/or fiscal rules for resource revenues as the answer to these challenges. In this paper, we explore the consequences for th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111273

11. Biochar promotes the reduction of N2O to N2 and concurrently suppresses the production of N2O in calcareous soil

Author:
Dong, Wenxu; Walkiewicz, Anna; Bieganowski, Andrzej; Oenema, Oene; Nosalewicz, Magdalena; He, Chaohui; Zhang, Yuming; Hu, Chunsheng
Source:
Geoderma 2020 v.362 pp. 114091
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; biochar; calcareous soils; denitrification; glucose; greenhouse gas emissions; nitrogen; nitrous oxide;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Biochar additions may mitigate N₂O emissions from soil. The mechanisms underpinning the mitigation of emissions remain to be elucidated. A series of incubation experiments were performed to investigate the effects of biochar on N₂O production and reduction in columns with a low-fertility or high-fertility soil, with or without the injection of N₂O in the subsoil and with and without glucose (to st ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114091

12. Morphologic and hydrologic distinctions between shallow and deep podzolized carbon in the southeastern United States Coastal Plain

Author:
Bacon, Allan R.; Gonzalez, Yaslin N.; Anderson, Kayci R.
Source:
Geoderma 2020 v.361 pp. 114007
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; aluminum; catenas; clay; coastal plains; organic carbon; podzolization; vadose zone; Florida;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Podzolization imparts soils and landforms of the southeastern United States Coastal Plain with two distinct pools of organic carbon (C), referred to as shallow podzolized C (SPC) and deep podzolized C (DPC). We evaluate podzolization across two catenas, and across the state of Florida, to establish that SPC and DPC are morphologically and hydrologically distinct. We demonstrate that SPC lightens d ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.114007

13. Cellular and extracellular C contributions to respiration after wetting dry soil

Author:
Slessarev, Eric W.; Lin, Yang; Jiménez, Beatrix Y.; Homyak, Peter M.; Chadwick, Oliver A.; D’Antonio, Carla M.; Schimel, Joshua P.
Source:
Biogeochemistry 2020 v.147 no.3 pp. 307-324
ISSN:
0168-2563
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; amino acids; carbon dioxide; iron; microbial biomass; microorganisms; total organic carbon; trehalose; California;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wetting of dry soil triggers a pulse of microbial respiration that has been attributed to two broad mechanisms: (1) recycling of microbial cellular carbon (C), and (2) consumption of extracellular organic C made available to microbes by wetting. We evaluated these two mechanisms by measuring cumulative CO₂ release, changes in the size and chemical composition of microbial biomass, and water-extrac ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10533-020-00645-y

14. Seismic compression susceptibility in dry loose sandy and silty soil in a seismic microzonation perspective

Author:
Fabozzi, Stefania; Porchia, Attilio; Fierro, Tony; Peronace, Edoardo; Pagliaroli, Alessandro; Moscatelli, Massimiliano
Source:
Engineering geology 2020 v.264 pp. 105324
ISSN:
0013-7952
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; case studies; earthquakes; geophysics; infrastructure; land use planning; landslides; liquefaction; silty soils; topography; California;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seismic microzonation studies (hereafter SMs or SM studies) have a strategic application in land use planning in the perspective of territory protection. At urban scale, SMs are finalized to forecast the spatial distribution of stratigraphic and topographic local amplification effects of ground motion and the co-seismic instabilities such as landslides or liquefaction phenomena. In this regard, th ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.enggeo.2019.105324

15. The Association of Heavy Metals with Iron Oxides in the Aggregates of Naturally Enriched Soil

Author:
Shen, Qian; Demisie, Walelign; Zhang, Shuang; Zhang, Mingkui
Source:
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 2020 v.104 no.1 pp. 144-148
ISSN:
0007-4861
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; cadmium; copper; heavy metals; iron; iron oxides; lead; manganese; microaggregates; topsoil;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soils in three horizons from a naturally heavy metals enriched region were distributed into six size aggregates (> 2, 2–1, 1–0.6, 0.6–0.25, 0.25–0.053, < 0.053 mm) to determine the relationships of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Mn and Pb) and iron oxides. The results showed that the percentage of microaggregates (size < 0.25 mm) was in the order: topsoil (A) > subsoil (B) > parent material (C), and contam ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00128-019-02739-2

16. Simulating isotropic vector-valued Gaussian random fields on the sphere through finite harmonics approximations

Author:
Emery, Xavier; Porcu, Emilio
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2019 v.33 no.8-9 pp. 1659-1667
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; algorithms; covariance; geometry; isotropy; models;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The paper tackles the problem of simulating isotropic vector-valued Gaussian random fields defined over the unit two-dimensional sphere embedded in the three-dimensional Euclidean space. Such random fields are used in different disciplines of the natural sciences to model observations located on the Earth or in the sky, or direction-dependent subsoil properties measured along borehole core samples ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-019-01717-8

17. The KARREN and KARREN formation of bare slopes

Author:
Veress, Márton
Source:
Earth-science reviews 2019 v.188 pp. 272-290
ISSN:
0012-8252
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; caves; karsts; limestone; seepage; subsoiling;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The karren formation and karren features of bare slopes is studied. The occurrence of various karren features was measured on slopes with different inclination. The occurrence of various karren features on slopes has been presented according to slope inclination values. The slopes were put into slope categories and their karren features were given. Thus, the karren formation of the bare slopes of ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.11.006

18. Periodical changes of dissolved organic matter (DOM) properties induced by biochar application and its impact on downward migration of heavy metals under flood conditions

Author:
Zhang, Xinying; Su, Chang; Liu, Xiaoyan; Liu, Zhenguo; Gu, Panxue; Deng, Min; Liu, Qu
Source:
Journal of cleaner production 2020 v.275 pp. 123787
ISSN:
0959-6526
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; biochar; cadmium; dissolved organic matter; flooded conditions; groundwater contamination; heavy metals; models; nickel; risk; spectral analysis; wetlands;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... The migration of heavy metals has strong correlation with dissolved organic matters (DOM) in the soil while biochar contains abundant DOM, so this study aimed to find out how soil DOM properties changed triggered by biochar and whether it would promote the migration of heavy metals under flood conditions. In this work, a 90-day soil column incubation experiment was conducted to simulate the migrat ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123787

19. Particle-scale insight into soil arching under trapdoor condition

Author:
Ali, Umair; Otsubo, Masahide; Ebizuka, Hiroaki; Kuwano, Reiko
Source:
Soil and foundation 2020 v.60 no.5 pp. 1171-1188
ISSN:
0038-0806
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; behavior; cells; density; glass; height; models; particles; sandy soils; shape; shear stress; soil structure; testing; width;     Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soil arching is an important phenomenon in the discussion on soil-structure interactions. Soil arching can increase the stresses exerted on a buried structure, while the absence of soil arching often results in differential surface settlement due to the difference in stiffness between the structure and the surrounding subsoil. In this investigation, model tests were conducted to relate the particl ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.sandf.2020.06.011

20. Variations in the profile distribution and protection mechanisms of organic carbon under long-term fertilization in a Chinese Mollisol

Author:
Abrar, Muhammad Mohsin; Xu, Minggang; Shah, Syed Atizaz Ali; Aslam, Muhammad Wajahat; Aziz, Tariq; Mustafa, Adnan; Ashraf, Muhammad Nadeem; Zhou, Baoku; Ma, Xingzhu
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2020 v.723 pp. 138181
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
subsoil,   etc   ; Mollisols; carbon sequestration; fertilizer application; fractionation; manure spreading; particulate organic carbon; plowing; soil organic carbon; topsoil; China;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Long term fertilization may have a significant effect on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and profile distribution. However, previous research mostly explored the SOC in the topsoil and provided little or no information about its distribution in deeper layers and various protection mechanisms particularly under long-term fertilization. The present study investigated the contents and profile dis ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138181