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1. Overall mean estimation of trace evidence in a two-level normal–normal model

Author:
Kool, Fréderique Suzanne; van Dorp, Inoni Nadine; Bolck, Annabel; Leegwater, Anna Jeannette; Jongbloed, Geurt
Source:
Forensic science international 2019 v.297 pp. 342-349
ISSN:
0379-0738
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; forensic sciences; models;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the evaluation of measurements on characteristics of forensic trace evidence, Aitken and Lucy (2004) model the data as a two-level model using assumptions of normality where likelihood ratios are used as a measure for the strength of evidence. A two-level model assumes two sources of variation: the variation within measurements in a group (first level) and the variation between different groups ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.01.047

2. Object-based land surface segmentation scale optimisation: An ill-structured problem

Author:
Louw, Gerrit; van Niekerk, Adriaan
Source:
Geomorphology 2019 v.327 pp. 377-384
ISSN:
0169-555X
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; morphometry; probability;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The segmentation of continuous land surfaces into morphologically representative objects has received increasing attention in recent years. Multi-resolution segmentation (MRS) has been shown to delimit morphological boundaries accurately and the use of unsupervised data-driven local variance (LV) based methods for detecting characteristic levels of scale parameter (SP) in land surfaces has been es ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.11.021

3. A comparison of search strategies to design the cokriging neighborhood for predicting coregionalized variables

Author:
Madani, Nasser; Emery, Xavier
Source:
Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 2019 v.33 no.1 pp. 183-199
ISSN:
1436-3240
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; equations; models; prediction;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Cokriging allows predicting coregionalized variables from sampling information, by considering their spatial joint dependence structure. When secondary covariates are available exhaustively, solving the cokriging equations may become prohibitive, which motivates the use of a moving search neighborhood to select a subset of data, based on their closeness to the target location and the screen effect ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00477-018-1578-1

4. Pattern Detection and Scaling Laws of Daily Water Demand by SOM: an Application to the WDN of Naples, Italy

Author:
Padulano, Roberta; Del Giudice, Giuseppe
Source:
Water resources management 2019 v.33 no.2 pp. 739-755
ISSN:
0920-4741
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; equations; Italy;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the present paper, a novel method is provided to detect significant daily consumption patterns and to obtain scaling laws to predict consumption patterns for groups of homogeneous users. The first issue relies on the use of Self-Organizing Map to gain insights about the initial assumption of distinct homogeneous consumption groups and to find additional clusters based on calendar dates. Non-dim ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11269-018-2140-0

5. Comparing a standardized to a product-specific emoji list for evaluating food products by children

Author:
Schouteten, Joachim J.; Verwaeren, Jan; Gellynck, Xavier; Almli, Valérie L.
Source:
Food quality and preference 2019 v.72 pp. 86-97
ISSN:
0950-3293
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; biscuits; children; correspondence analysis;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... There is a growing interest in the emotional associations of children to food products in order to better understand their preferences. Recently, emoji were suggested as a novel way to assess these emotional associations. In this study, 172 children aged 8–11 years evaluated the emotional profile of five biscuits in a check-all-that-apply task, where half of the subjects (n = 87) evaluated the app ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodqual.2018.09.007

6. Environmental instrument choice in a non-linear world

Author:
Paulson Gjerde, Kathy A.; Grossman, Peter Z.; Cole, Daniel H.
Source:
Journal of environmental economics and policy 2019 v.8 no.1 pp. 65-78
ISSN:
2160-6552
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; empirical research; prices; uncertainty;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The substantial literature on environmental instrument choice under uncertainty has provided valuable insights using simplifying assumptions of linear marginal cost and benefit curves and additive error terms to determine when and why a price or quantity instrument should be preferred. But empirical analysis has shown that linearity and additivity are not the norm. This paper explores the formal p ...
DOI:
10.1080/21606544.2018.1505554

7. The development of a single-item Food Choice Questionnaire

Author:
Onwezen, M.C.; Reinders, M.J.; Verain, M.C.D.; Snoek, H.M.
Source:
Food quality and preference 2019 v.71 pp. 34-45
ISSN:
0950-3293
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; emotions; food choices; questionnaires;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Based on the multi-item Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) originally developed by Steptoe and colleagues (1995), the current study developed a single-item FCQ that provides an acceptable balance between practical needs and psychometric concerns. Studies 1 (N = 1851) and 2 (2a (N = 3290), 2b (N = 4723), 2c (N = 270)) showed that the single-item FCQ scale has good convergent and discriminant validity. ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodqual.2018.05.005

8. What's normal anyway? Residual plots are more telling than significance tests when checking ANOVA assumptions

Author:
Kozak, M.; Piepho, H.‐P.
Source:
Journal of agronomy and crop science 2018 v.204 no.1 pp. 86-98
ISSN:
0931-2250
Subject:
analysis of variance; variance,   etc   ; models;     Show all 3 Subject
Abstract:
... We consider two questions important for applying analysis of variance (ANOVA): Should normality be checked on the raw data or on the residuals (or is it immaterial which of the two approaches we take)? Should normality and homogeneity of variance be checked using significance tests or diagnostic plots (or both)? Based on two examples, we show that residuals should be used for model checking and th ...
DOI:
10.1111/jac.12220

9. A comparison study of meat eaters and non-meat eaters on mind attribution and moral disengagement of animals

Author:
Ang, Chin-Siang; Chan, Nee-Nee; Singh, Lavanya
Source:
Appetite 2019 v.136 pp. 80-85
ISSN:
0195-6663
Subject:
analysis of variance,   etc   ; humans; meat; pets;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study aims to investigate how the distinction between animals that humans consume (AHCs) and pet animals influence meat eaters' and non-meat eaters’ perceived mind attribution on animals and moral disengagement. Following this, a two-way mixed ANOVA with repeated measures on the type of animals being slaughtered and type of eaters was conducted. For meat-eaters, perceived mental capacity rati ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.appet.2019.01.019

10. Models of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Author:
Killeen, Peter R.
Source:
Behavioural processes 2019 v.162 pp. 205-214
ISSN:
0376-6357
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; animal models; malnutrition; neurons; prediction;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... One of the most notable aspects of the behavior of individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is increased variability in many aspects of their behavior, including response times and attentional focus. Among the many theories of ADHD is one that identifies its material cause as phasic malnutrition of the neurons required to maintain constancy of performance. Of the diverse pr ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.beproc.2019.01.001

11. Impacts of stochastic forecast errors of renewable energy generation and load demands on microgrid operation

Author:
Chen, Yahong; Deng, Changhong; Yao, Weiwei; Liang, Ning; Xia, Pei; Cao, Peng; Dong, Yiwang; Zhang, Yuan-ao; Liu, Zhichao; Li, Dinglin; Chen, Man; Peng, Peng
Source:
Renewable energy 2019 v.133 pp. 442-461
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; energy; models; renewable energy sources;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Evaluating the impacts related to stochastic forecast errors (SFE) of renewable energy generation and load demands on the operation of micro grid is an important issue. In previous researches, the negative effects of SFE on micro grid are mainly focusing on power quality, system control, and operation, etc. The objective of this study is to investigate how SFE affects the operation stability of en ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2018.09.110

12. The Onset of Resolved Boundary-Layer Turbulence at Grey-Zone Resolutions

Author:
Kealy, John C.; Efstathiou, Georgios A.; Beare, Robert J.
Source:
Boundary-layer meteorology 2019 v.171 no.1 pp. 31-52
ISSN:
0006-8314
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; models; temperature; turbulent flow; weather forecasting;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are now capable of operating at horizontal resolutions in the 100-m to 1-km range, a grid spacing similar in scale to that of the turbulent eddies present in the atmospheric convective boundary layer (CBL). Known as the ‘grey zone’ of turbulence, this regime is characterized by significant contributions from both the resolved and subgrid components to repr ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10546-018-0420-0

13. MJO evolution and predictability disclosed by the RMM variant with balanced MJO variance in convection and zonal winds

Author:
Liu, Ping
Source:
Climate dynamics 2019 v.52 no.5-6 pp. 2529-2543
ISSN:
0930-7575
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; climate; convection; prediction; regression analysis; wind;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... The all-season real-time multivariate MJO (RMM) index was designed for an equal contribution of variance from the raw anomalous OLR and zonal winds at 850 (U850) and 200 hPa (U200), whereas it represents a notably larger proportion of the MJO variance in U850 and U200 than in OLR such that the index appears more dynamical and overestimates the MJO predictability and prediction skills. The revised ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00382-018-4274-4

14. Stochastic modeling of oscillatory pumping in heterogeneous aquifers with application to Boise aquifer test

Author:
Cheng, Kan Bun; Rabinovich, Avinoam; Dagan, Gedeon
Source:
Journal of hydrology 2019 v.569 pp. 278-290
ISSN:
0022-1694
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; aquifers; piezometers; stochastic processes; uncertainty;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Oscillatory pumping tests consist of injecting periodic discharge into an aquifer and measuring head response along vertical piezometers surrounding the well. The aim is to identify the specific storativity s and conductivity K of the aquifer, which are generally spatially variable. Recently, an analytical solution for oscillating head in a homogeneous formation was derived and applied to the Bois ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.11.045

15. Normalizing shadows in multi-temporal aerial frame imagery using relative radiometric adjustments to support near-real-time change detection

Author:
Storey, Emanuel Arnal; Stow, Douglas Alan; Plummer, Matthew James
Source:
GIScience & remote sensing 2019 v.56 no.1 pp. 22-42
ISSN:
1943-7226
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; radiometry; reflectance; regression analysis; remote sensing;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study addresses the problem of shadows in multi-temporal imagery, which is a key issue with change detection approaches based on image comparison. We apply image-to-image radiometric normalizations including histogram matching (HM), mean-variance (MV) equalization, linear regression based on pseudo-invariant features (PIF-LR), and radiometric control sets (RCS) representing high- and low-refl ...
DOI:
10.1080/15481603.2018.1489446

16. Rhithronic and potamonic fishes coexist in wadeable streams under distinct metacommunity processes

Author:
Ferreira, Fabio C.; Souza, Ursulla P.; Cetra, Maurício; Petrere, Miguel, Jr
Source:
Ecology of freshwater fish 2019 v.28 no.1 pp. 85-96
ISSN:
0906-6691
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; fish; nestedness; rivers; species diversity; streams;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Recent metacommunity ecology research has demonstrated that local communities can be divided into different guilds. We hypothesised that wadeable streams are occupied by fishes that follow distinct metacommunity processes. The mainstem is a river corridor for the potamonic fish guild (PFG) but represents a nonhabitat matrix for the rhithronic fish guild (RFG). Accordingly, the PFG should be filter ...
DOI:
10.1111/eff.12433

17. Where Newton might have taken ecology

Author:
Currie, David J.
Source:
Global ecology and biogeography 2019 v.28 no.1 pp. 18-27
ISSN:
1466-822X
Subject:
variance,   etc   ; ecology; experts; genetics; mechanics; models;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... A DILEMMA IN ECOLOGY: Ecologists aspire to build a discipline to both understand the natural world and to provide society with tools to make responsible decisions about the environment. For both of these purposes, most sciences have, at their core, a set of empirical generalizations that predict the behaviour of important properties of nature (e.g., Newton’s laws of mechanics, Mendeleev’s periodic ...
DOI:
10.1111/geb.12842

18. Application of Passive Capillary Samplers in Water Stable Isotope Investigations of Snowmelt – A Case Study From Slovenia

Author:
Vreča, Polona; Brenčič, Mihael; Torkar, Anja
Source:
Vodohospodársky časopis 2019 v.67 no.1 pp. 32-40
ISSN:
0042-790X
Subject:
analysis of variance; variance,   etc   ; case studies; fiberglass; hydrogen; oxygen; samplers; snowmelt; stable isotopes; winter; Slovenia;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this paper we describe the use of modified passive capillary samplers (PCSs) to investigate the water isotope variability of snowmelt at selected sites in Slovenia during winter 2011/2012 and during winter 2012/2013. First, PCS with 3 fibreglass wicks covering approximately 1 m2 were tested to determine sample variability. We observed high variability in the amount of snowmelt water collected b ...
DOI:
10.2478/johh-2018-0017

19. Hydrological performance of green roofs in the context of the meteorological factors during the 5‐year monitoring period

Author:
Burszta‐Adamiak, Ewa; Stańczyk, Justyna; Łomotowski, Janusz
Source:
Water and environment journal 2019 v.33 no.1 pp. 144-154
ISSN:
1747-6585
Subject:
analysis of variance; variance,   etc   ; green roofs; monitoring; rain; runoff; stormwater management; urban areas;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Green roofs as solutions that can offer varying levels of stormwater management are the topic of current interest. In order to use this form of reconstructing retention capacity, it is important to understand the influence of meteorological conditions on the functioning of living roofs. The study presents the results of research, using of the ANOVA variance analysis method, on retention performanc ...
DOI:
10.1111/wej.12385

20. Stock delineation of the long-whiskered catfish, Sperata aor (Hamilton 1822), from River Ganga by using morphometrics

Author:
Khan, M. Afzal; Nazir, Aafaq
Source:
Marine & freshwater research 2019 v.70 no.1 pp. 107-113
ISSN:
1323-1650
Subject:
analysis of variance; variance,   etc   ; Sperata; data collection; discriminant analysis; fish; fish communities; morphometry; rivers; India;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Long-term isolation of populations and interbreeding can lead to morphometric variations among fish populations. This study was conducted with the objective to delineate stock structure of Sperata aor on the basis of morphometric characters, using truss network of the fish body. In total, 407 S. aor samples were collected from the four sampling locations of the Ganga River, viz. Narora, Kanpur, Va ...
DOI:
10.1071/MF17306