An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
hand washing, etc ; air; body weight; bromination; environment; exposome; half life; humans; lipids; phosphates; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Indoor exposure to organic flame retardants (FRs) has raised extensive concern due to associated adverse health effects. Indoor-exposure induced daily intakes of six widely used FRs individually ranged 0.002–611 ng/day and 0.02–463 ng/day, respectively, for adults and 2–6-year-old children; and resulting internal exposure levels ranged 0.1–159 and 2.1–4500 ng/g lipid, respectively. A proportion of ...
hand washing, etc ; child nutrition; food production; nutrition knowledge; nutritional status; underweight; Burkina Faso; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... Little is known about the sustained effects of nutrition- and gender-sensitive agricultural programs (NSAPs) after they end. To examine the 4-year effects (2010-2014) of a 2-year NSAP (2010-2012) on women’s outcomes in rural Burkina Faso. We used baseline (2010) and endline (2012) data from a cluster-randomized controlled trial of Helen Keller International’s Enhanced Homestead Food Production (EH ...
hand washing, etc ; cafeterias; food safety; food security; food waste; fruits; microbiological risk assessment; risk; stakeholders; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Share tables (ST) allow students to share unwanted food items with other students in school cafeterias, making them a possible method to reduce food waste and insecurity. This study assesses potential food safety risks and food security benefits of a ST system, to assess if future work on STs is warranted. But food safety concerns from stakeholders hinder ST implementation. A quantitative microbia ...
hand washing, etc ; behavior change; behavior modification; breast feeding; cost effectiveness; insecticide application; mortality; motivation; public health; Malawi; Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Infant and under-five mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) can be reduced by encouraging behaviours such as sleeping under insecticide-treated bed nets, exclusive breast-feeding for the first 6 months, regular handwashing, etc. Community-based volunteer or peer-to-peer mechanisms are cost-effective ways of promoting these lifesaving practices. However, the sustainability and ...
hand washing, etc ; COVID-19 infection; capital; cattle; charcoal; economic impact; face; livelihood; markets; pandemic; pastoralism; villages; Kenya; Uganda; Show all 14 Subjects
Abstract:
... The study assessed the economic impact of COVID-19 on cattle traders in the Karamoja and Teso pastoral and agro-pastoral areas in Uganda and their response after the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020. The results reveal that cattle traders were negatively affected by COVID-19 in many ways including reduction in cattle sales, erosion in operating capital, and failure to sell animals while others have diver ...
hand washing, etc ; COVID-19 infection; community service; decentralization; governance; public investment; soaps; water management; water policy; water supply; India; Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Acknowledging the overreaching importance of WHO guidelines of frequent handwashing with soap and water in battling COVID-19, this paper unravels the state of water supply in Indian cities and examines the challenges of conventional water policy and governance assumptions amid the COVID-19 crisis in India. Urban citizens, especially living in the slums, very often need to rush to access the water ...
hand washing, etc ; Head Start; MyPlate; compliance; curriculum; e-mail; extension education; farm to school; farms; music; nutrition education; pandemic; planting; surveys; yoga; California; Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... To implement and evaluate Farm-to-Preschool Festival in a Bag program during pandemic. Previous research showed positive association between Farm-to-School activities with willingness to try and liking new fruits and vegetables in young low-income children. Farm-to-Preschool Festival educational kit was developed by Extension Professionals using evidence-based curriculum such as Teams with Interge ...
Kavin M. Patel; Mehr Shafiq; Amyn A. Malik; Ayse Cobanoglu; Madeline Klotz; John Eric Humphries; Aiden Lee; Thomas Murray; David Wilkinson; Inci Yildirim; Jad A. Elharake; Rachel Diaz; Rosalia Rojas; Anael Kuperwajs Cohen; Saad B. Omer; Walter S. Gilliam
hand washing, etc ; COVID-19 infection; child care; child care providers; cohort studies; e-mail; pandemic; relative risk; temperature; vaccination; vaccines; District of Columbia; Puerto Rico; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... The relationship between the use of nonpharmaceutical interventions and COVID-19 vaccination among U.S. child care providers remains unknown. If unvaccinated child care providers are also less likely to employ nonpharmaceutical interventions, then a vaccine mandate across child care programs may have larger health and safety benefits. To assess and quantify the relationship between the use of nonp ...
hand washing, etc ; COVID-19 infection; air; airborne transmission; bacterial infections; breathing; disease transmission; disinfection; environment; health services; hygiene; risk; risk assessment; soil; systematic review; viral contamination; Show all 16 Subjects
Abstract:
... The risk of infectious disease transmission in public washrooms causes concern particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic review aims to assess the risk of transmission of viral or bacterial infections through inhalation, surface contact, and faecal-oral routes in public washrooms in healthcare and non-healthcare environments.We systematically reviewed environmental samp ...
hand washing, etc ; anthelmintics; biological hazards; brucellosis; cross-sectional studies; deworming; health status; occupational health and safety; occupations; patients; rabies; risk; tetanus; veterinary education; veterinary medicine; zoonoses; India; Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Veterinarians experience different types of health hazards from their occupation. Studies on the prevalence and occurrence of biological health hazards in veterinary medicine in India are scant and probably underreported. Thus, we sought to assess the biological health hazards and infection control practices (ICPs) among veterinarians from the states of Gujarat and Maharashtra, India. A cross-sect ...
hand washing, etc ; COVID-19 infection; Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program; consumer education; ecological models; education programs; fruits; nutrition education; physical activity; surveys; vegetable consumption; youth; Tennessee; Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... Engaging 3rd-5th graders for nutrition education in both in-person and remote settings Social Ecological Model Youth grades 3-5 from limited-resource families who are eligible for SNAP-Ed or EFNEP. The Tennessee Nutrition and Consumer Education Program (UT SNAP-Ed: TNCEP) and Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) offers nutrition education classes to youth, which are often delivere ...
hand washing, etc ; COVID-19 infection; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; alcohol drinking; comorbidity; diabetes; disease severity; estrogens; evolution; females; immune response; infection; kidneys; lungs; males; mortality; progesterone; risk factors; testosterone; Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the male sex is a significant risk factor for severe disease and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the precise explanation for the discrepancy is currently unclear. Immunologically, the female-biased protection against COVID-19 could presumably be due to a more rapid and robust immune response to viruses exhibited by males. The ...
hand washing, etc ; dust; environment; humans; ingestion; models; mouth; prediction; uncertainty; Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In indoor environments, humans ingest chemicals present as surface residues and bound to settled particles (dust), through mouthing hands (hand-to-mouth transfer) and objects (object-to-mouth transfer). Here, we introduce a novel modeling approach in support of systematic investigation into the mouthing-mediated ingestion of chemicals present in indoor environments. This model explicitly considers ...
soil washing, etc ; groundwater; iron; octoxynol; soil remediation; solubilization; sorption; surfactants; Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Sulfidized nanoscale zerovalent iron (SNZVI) with improved reactivity and selectivity has shown great potential for environmental remediation. However, it is unclear if SNZVI could be applied for the remediation of soil washing solution, and how a soil-washing surfactant affects the reactivity and selectivity of SNZVI. Here, we assess the impact of Triton X-100 (TX-100) on the reactivity and selec ...
hand washing, etc ; COVID-19 infection; active ingredients; carbon dioxide; climate change; disease transmission; environmental impact; ethanol; fossil fuels; hygiene; isopropyl alcohol; life cycle assessment; liquids; pollution; research; sanitizers; soaps; tap water; England; Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... In order to reduce the transmission of pathogens, and COVID-19, WHO and NHS England recommend hand washing (HW) and/or the use of hand sanitizer (HS). The planetary health consequences of these different methods of hand hygiene have not been quantified. A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) was carried out to compare the environmental impact of the UK population practising increased levels of ...
hand washing, etc ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; aerosols; air; disease control; disinfection; droplets; fomites; food safety; food supply chain; hygiene; models; pandemic; quantitative risk assessment; raw fruit; risk; risk reduction; vaccination; vegetables; Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic poses significant health risks to workers who are essential to maintaining the food supply chain. Using a quantitative risk assessment model, this study characterized the impact of risk reduction strategies for controlling SARS-CoV-2 transmission (droplet, aerosol, fomite-mediated) among front-line workers in a representative indoor fresh fruit and vegetable manufact ...
soil washing; washing, etc ; mixing; particle size; petroleum; polluted soils; sieving; Show all 7 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal from fuel-contaminated field soil was investigated. The influence of the washing method (washing before/after sieving), washing time, soil-to-water ratio, and soil particle size on TPH removal efficiency was evaluated under constant stirring speed. Washing the whole contaminated soil is more efficient than separating the soils into particle ...
hand washing, etc ; Ascaris lumbricoides; Enterobius vermicularis; Hymenolepis nana; Schistosoma mansoni; Strongyloides stercoralis; Taenia; Trichuris trichiura; defecation; education; family size; hookworms; household income; humans; intestines; meta-analysis; public health; risk; river water; soil; stakeholders; systematic review; Ethiopia; Show all 23 Subjects
Abstract:
... Background. Intestinal helminth infections are still public health problems in tropical and subtropical countries including Ethiopia. This review and meta-analysis aimed to produce the pooled prevalence and associated risk factors of human intestinal helminth parasitic infections (HIHPIs) in Ethiopia. Methods. Articles written in English were searched from online databases. Sixty-seven studies wer ...
Julia S. Sobolik; Elizabeth T. Sajewski; Lee-Ann Jaykus; D. Kane Cooper; Ben A. Lopman; Alicia N.M. Kraay; P. Barry Ryan; Jodie L. Guest; Amy Webb-Girard; Juan S. Leon
hand washing, etc ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; World Health Organization; cold chain; decontamination; disease control; fomites; food industry; food quality; food safety; frozen foods; labor force; microbiological risk assessment; models; risk; risk reduction; vaccination; vaccines; water quality; Show all 19 Subjects
Abstract:
... Countries continue to debate the need for decontamination of cold-chain food packaging to reduce possible severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) fomite transmission among frontline workers. While laboratory-based studies demonstrate persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces, the likelihood of fomite-mediated transmission under real-life conditions is uncertain. Using a quantitati ...
washing, etc ; acidification; adsorption; behavior; dyes; magnetism; nanoparticles; pollution; polyethyleneimine; sorption isotherms; synthesis; wastewater treatment; Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... This article reports a smart water-based ferrofluid that can transform from stable state to unstable state for separating the contained magnetic nanoparticles after use. The ferrofluid is synthesized by preparing polyethylenimine modified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles via a one-pot method, and then improved by acidification treatment and ultracentrifugation-based washing. The resultant ferrofluid and interm ...