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1. Controlled degradation of polyisoprene and polybutadiene: A comparative study of two methods

Author:
Berto, Pierre; Grelier, Stéphane; Peruch, Frédéric
Source:
Polymer degradation and stability 2018
ISSN:
0141-3910
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; aldehydes; molecular weight;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Low molar mass carbonyl telechelic cis,1–4 polyisoprene (CTPI) and aldehyde telechelic cis, 1–4 polybutadiene (ATPB) were easily prepared by the controlled degradation of high molar mass 1,4-cis polyisoprene (PI) and 1,4-cis polybutadiene (PB) in a molar mass range of 5000–80 000 g mol⁻¹. Two methods are compared: the direct one using only the periodic acid (H5IO6) to randomly cleave the chain and ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.06.019

2. A microfluidic platform with pneumatically switchable single-cell traps for selective intracellular signals probing

Author:
Wang, Yao; Zhu, Jinchi; Chen, Peng; Hu, Liang; Feng, Xiaojun; Du, Wei; Liu, Bi-Feng
Source:
Talanta 2019 v.192 pp. 431-438
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; adenosine triphosphate; biosensors; calcium; calcium signaling; drugs; hydrodynamics; screening;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... To investigate rapid suspension cell signaling, a microfluidic platform was urgently needed for flexibly manipulation of single cells and simultaneous generation of controllable chemical signals to stimulate single cells. In this paper, a microfluidic biosensor was developed to monitor intracellular calcium signal, integrated with single-cell trapping, chemical stimulation and releasing. Selective ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.085

3. Anodic oxidation for the remediation of soils polluted with perchloroethylene

Author:
Muñoz‐Morales, Martin; Sáez, Cristina; Cañizares, Pablo; Rodrigo, Manuel Andrés
Source:
Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology 2019 v.94 no.1 pp. 288-294
ISSN:
0268-2575
Subject:
soil washing; washing,   etc   ; electrodes; electrolysis; interphase; liquids; oils; oxidation; pollutants; polluted soils; protective effect; remediation; sodium dodecyl sulfate; surfactants; tetrachloroethylene;     Show all 15 Subjects
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: This work focuses on the removal of perchloroethylene (PCE) from soils spiked with this hazardous chlorinated hydrocarbon and oil by a combination of two technologies: soil washing and anodic oxidation with diamond electrodes. The first attains the transfer of the pollutant from the soil to a soil washing fluid (SWF), from which the organics are then efficiently removed. RESULTS: Resul ...
DOI:
10.1002/jctb.5774

4. Investigating the use of synthetic humic-like acid as a soil washing treatment for metal contaminated soil

Author:
Yang, Ting; Hodson, Mark E.
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.647 pp. 290-300
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
soil washing; washing,   etc   ; agricultural soils; arsenic; bioavailability; citric acid; copper; humic acids; lead; liquids; nickel; organic carbon; pH; polluted soils; risk; tartaric acid; zinc;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... Humic acid can effectively bind several metals and is regarded as a promising soil washing agent. Previous studies indicate that carboxylic groups dominate metal binding to humic acid. In this study, a synthetic humic-like acid (SHLA) with high COOH content (5.03 mmol/g) was used as a washing agent to remove metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, As) from two contaminated agricultural soils (Soil 1 (pH: 6.17 ± 0 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.457

5. The use of zero-valent Fe for curbing toxic emissions after EDTA-based washing of Pb, Zn and Cd contaminated calcareous and acidic soil

Author:
Gluhar, Simon; Jez, Erika; Lestan, Domen
Source:
Chemosphere 2019 v.215 pp. 482-489
ISSN:
0045-6535
Subject:
soil washing; washing,   etc   ; EDTA (chelating agent); acid soils; adsorption; cadmium; emissions; environmental fate; iron; leaching; lead; pH; pollution; remediation; slurries; toxicity; zinc;     Show all 17 Subjects
Abstract:
... The use of EDTA-based soil washing is prevented by chelant environmental persistence and the hazard of toxic post-remedial emissions. Calcareous and acidic soils with 828 and 673 mg Pb kg−1, respectively, and co-contaminated with Zn and Cd, were washed with 90 and 60 mM EDTA, respectively, to remove 67 and 80% of Pb. Washed soils were rinsed until 6.5 and 5.1 mM EDTA, respectively, was measured in ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.074

6. Reduction of Escherichia coli, as a surrogate for Salmonella spp., on the surface of grapefruit during various packingline processes

Author:
Danyluk, Michelle D.; Friedrich, Loretta M.; Dunn, Laurel L.; Zhang, Jiuxu; Ritenour, Mark A.
Source:
Food microbiology 2019 v.78 pp. 188-193
ISSN:
0740-0020
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; Citrus; Escherichia coli; Salmonella; decontamination; detection limit; fruits; grapefruits; produce safety; United States;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The US Produce Safety Rule allows for use of water that does not meet its microbial standards if corrective measures are employed. This research was initiated to determine the suitability of nonpathogenic Escherichia coli as a surrogate for Salmonella during citrus washing, and to evaluate the removal of E. coli from grapefruit on two pilot packinglines (CREC and IRREC) as corrective measures. Who ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.fm.2018.10.014

7. Heavy metal poisoned and regeneration of selective catalytic reduction catalysts

Author:
Qi, Liqiang; Li, Jintao; Yao, Yuan; Zhang, Yajuan
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.366 pp. 492-500
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; acetic acid; arsenic; catalysts; heavy metals; lead; nitrogen oxides; silica; sodium carbonate;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Being poison to heterogeneous catalysts, Pb and As are important metals in the study of industrial NOx emission reductions. A series of V2O5–WO3/TiO2–SiO2 catalysts poisoned by Pb and As were prepared through wet impregnation. The regeneration effect of deionized water, acid solution, complexing agent, and alkali solution on a poisoned catalyst was evaluated through experimental and theoretical ca ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.112

8. Experimental investigation of rain-induced splash and wash processes under wind-driven rain

Author:
Rezaei Arshad, Ruhollah; Mahmoodabadi, Majid; Farpoor, Mohammad Hady; Fekri, Majid
Source:
Geoderma 2019 v.337 pp. 1164-1174
ISSN:
0016-7061
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; pollution load; rain; rain intensity; sediment yield; soil erosion; soil sampling; synergism; wind speed;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The simultaneous occurrence of rain and wind during an erosion event may cause severe soil loss. Although, many studies have been conducted on the single effects of rain and wind on soil erosion, little attention has been taken to their simultaneous contribution to wash load as well as splash load in a rain-induced erosion system. To address this issue, three different soil samples were subjected ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.11.029

9. Polyaniline based material as a new SPE sorbent for pre-treatment of Chelidonium majus extracts before chromatographic analysis of alkaloids

Author:
Wójciak-Kosior, Magdalena; Sowa, Ireneusz; Dresler, Sławomir; Kováčik, Jozef; Staniak, Michał; Sawicki, Jan; Zielińska, Sylwia; Świeboda, Ryszard; Strzemski, Maciej; Kocjan, Ryszard
Source:
Talanta 2019 v.194 pp. 32-37
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; Chelidonium majus; Raman spectroscopy; alkaloids; ammonia; aniline; chromatography; methanol; polymerization; polymers; silica; solvents; sorbents;     Show all 13 Subjects
Abstract:
... In the present study, deprotonated and protonated polyaniline based sorbent obtained by in situ polymerization of aniline on silica (Si-PANI) was applied for SPE pretreatment of Chelidonium majus extracts before determination of benzophenanthridine, protoberberine and protopine alkaloids. The experimentally optimized conditions, such as protonated polyaniline impregnated with methanol as a sorbent ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.009

10. Probing ligand removal and ordering at quantum dot surfaces using vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy

Author:
Watson, Brianna R.; Ma, Ying-Zhong; Cahill, John F.; Doughty, Benjamin; Calhoun, Tessa R.
Source:
Journal of colloid and interface science 2019 v.537 pp. 389-395
ISSN:
0021-9797
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; absorption; chemical structure; ligands; mass spectrometry; models; nanoparticles; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; photoluminescence; quantum dots;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... Controlling nanomaterial interfaces for emerging technologies has driven the need to understand the molecular species located there; however, challenges arise using traditional analytical techniques to directly characterize the molecular structure and local environments of these interfacial species due to their low relative populations. We hypothesized that vibrational sum frequency generation (vS ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jcis.2018.11.011

11. Effects of pH, extrusion tip size and storage protocol on the structural properties of Ca(II)-alginate beads

Author:
Zazzali, Ignacio; Aguirre Calvo, Tatiana Rocio; Pizones Ruíz-Henestrosa, Víctor Manuel; Santagapita, Patricio R.; Perullini, Mercedes
Source:
Carbohydrate polymers 2019 v.206 pp. 749-756
ISSN:
0144-8617
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; alginates; diffusivity; extrusion; image analysis; models; pH; polymers; water activity;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... The Ca(II)-alginate beads were formulated changing some synthesis variables: pH (3.8–6.8), extrusion tip size (0.25–0.50 mm) and washing/storage protocol, to evaluate possible implications in the structural properties of beads, which are critical to scale and standardize their production at industrial level. Regardless of the macro- (diameter, area, perimeter and roundness, studied by image analys ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.051

12. Improved bauxite residue dealkalization by combination of aerated washing and electrodialysis

Author:
Zhang, Yaxian; Shi, Qi; Luo, Muxi; Wang, Hongtao; Qi, Xuejiao; Hou, Chia-Hung; Li, Fengting; Ai, Zisheng; Junior, Jose Tacares Araruna
Source:
Journal of hazardous materials 2019 v.364 pp. 682-690
ISSN:
0304-3894
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; aeration; alkalinity; bauxite; byproducts; electrodialysis; energy; liquids; pipes; pollutants; sodium hydroxide; total dissolved solids;     Show all 12 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bauxite residue, a major by-product of the alumina-producing Bayer process, is a serious environmental pollutant due to its high alkalinity. Here, we reported an operation system designed in our laboratory that included washing and electrodialysis dealkalization systems with aeration pipes. Washing with aeration releases a substantial amount of free alkali and attached alkali into water and increa ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.023

13. Generation of low ash fine clean coal powder by autogenous grinding process powder technology

Author:
Sriramoju, S.K.; Rashmi,; Suresh, A.; Dash, P.S.
Source:
Powder technology 2019 v.342 pp. 67-72
ISSN:
0032-5910
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; cleaning; coal; crushing; energy; equipment; grinding; industry; mineral content; minerals; powders;     Show all 11 Subjects
Abstract:
... Crushing and grinding process in mineral processing industry is high energy consuming but it is essential for generating required sized ore with improved liberation, which enhances the process efficiency of physical cleaning of ore. Due to the presence of various minerals in lump of ore, breakage mechanism plays a major role in liberation of different materials, which is solely depends on the type ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.powtec.2018.09.079

14. Modulation of seminal plasma content in extended semen improves the quality attributes of ram spermatozoa following liquid preservation at 3–5°C

Author:
Paul, Rajani K.; Balaganur, Krishnappa; Kumar, Davendra; Naqvi, Syed M. K.
Source:
Reproduction in domestic animals 2018 v.53 no.5 pp. 1200-1210
ISSN:
0936-6768
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; liquids; longevity; rams; seminal plasma; spermatozoa;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Seminal plasma (SP) is known to induce motility and capacitation in spermatozoa curtailing their lifespan when preserved. Hence, this study was conducted to examine the effects of removal of SP from sperm surface prior to liquid preservation either by high dilution (1/15) or by washing and the poststorage treatment with SP (15% and 25%, v/v) on the quality attributes of liquid‐preserved ram semen. ...
DOI:
10.1111/rda.13227

15. Fabrication of three-dimensional porous carbon scaffolds with tunable pore sizes for effective cell confinement

Author:
Jeon, Min Soo; Jeon, Yale; Hwang, Jeong Hoon; Heu, Chang Sung; Jin, Sangrak; Shin, Jongoh; Song, Yoseb; Chang Kim, Sun; Cho, Byung-Kwan; Lee, Jung-Kul; Kim, Dong Rip
Source:
Carbon 2018 v.130 pp. 814-821
ISSN:
0008-6223
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; Escherichia coli; bacteria; carbon; geometry;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of 3D porous carbon scaffolds with tunable pore sizes that are comparable to the sizes of bacterial cells for their effective confinement. We utilized the sphere template method to fabricate the 3D porous carbon scaffolds with excellent pore arrangements and enlarged interconnected areas among the pores. The proposed 3D porous carbon scaffolds trapped about 40 ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.carbon.2018.01.050

16. Colloidal Quantum Dot Inks for Single-Step-Fabricated Field-Effect Transistors: The Importance of Postdeposition Ligand Removal

Author:
Balazs, Daniel M.; Rizkia, Nisrina; Fang, Hong-Hua; Dirin, Dmitry N.; Momand, Jamo; Kooi, Bart J.; Kovalenko, Maksym V.; Loi, Maria Antonietta
Source:
ACS applied materials & interfaces 2018 v.10 no.6 pp. 5626-5632
ISSN:
1944-8252
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; ligands; quantum dots; solids; surfactants; transistors;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Colloidal quantum dots are a class of solution-processed semiconductors with good prospects for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. Removal of the surfactant, so-called ligand exchange, is a crucial step in making the solid films conductive, but performing it in solid state introduces surface defects and cracks in the films. Hence, the formation of thick, device-grade films have only bee ...
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.7b16882

17. The effect of fabric movement on washing performance in a front-loading washer IV: under 3.25-kg laundry load condition

Author:
Cho, Yoonkyung; Yun, Changsang; Park, Chung Hee
ISSN:
1746-7748
Subject:
washing,   etc   ; forces; laundry; mixing;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... This study investigated the effects of fabric movement on detergency in a front-loading washer. To this end, various fabric movements of 3.25-kg loads were induced by controlling wash spin speeds at 34, 46, 50, and 54 r/min and detergency was measured, after which the correlation between the fabric movement and detergency at each wash speed was analyzed. The observed fabric movement characteristic ...
DOI:
10.1177/0040517516648508

18. Enhanced Techniques of Soil Washing for the Remediation of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils

Author:
Yang, Xu; Mao, Xinyu; Shao, Xiaohou; Han, Fengxiang; Chang, Tingting; Qin, Hengji; Li, Minhui
Source:
Agricultural research 2018 v.7 no.2 pp. 99-104
ISSN:
2249-720X
Subject:
soil washing; washing,   etc   ; heavy metals; polluted soils; remediation; soil pH; solubility; ultrasonic treatment;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... Soil washing has been developed as one of the ex situ traditional remediation methods for heavy metal polluted soils. It has been found to be effective in metal extraction. However, due to the distribution and speciation in soils, most metal(loid)s are present in less mobile forms which limit the washing efficiency. Therefore, methods are studied to enhance the washing performance by increasing th ...
DOI:
10.1007/s40003-018-0302-1

19. Using poly-glutamic acid as soil-washing agent to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soils

Author:
Yang, Zong-Han; Dong, Cheng-Di; Chen, Chiu-Wen; Sheu, Yih-Terng; Kao, Chih-Ming
Source:
Environmental science and pollution research international 2018 v.25 no.6 pp. 5231-5242
ISSN:
0944-1344
Subject:
soil washing; washing,   etc   ; desorption; heavy metals; hydrogen bonding; liquids; moieties; pH; polyglutamic acid; soil;     Show all 10 Subjects
Abstract:
... The extraction efficiency of heavy metals from soils using three forms of gamma poly-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) as the washing agents was investigated. Controlling factors including agent concentrations, extraction time, pH, and liquid to soil ratio were evaluated to determine the optimum operational conditions. The distribution of heavy metal species in soils before and after extraction processes was ...
DOI:
10.1007/s11356-017-9235-7

20. Development of practical decontamination process for the removal of uranium from gravel

Author:
Kim, Ilgook; Kim, Gye-Nam; Kim, Seung-Soo; Choi, Jong-Won
Source:
Environmental technology 2018 v.39 no.1 pp. 68-73
ISSN:
1479-487X
Subject:
soil washing; washing,   etc   ; decontamination; gravel; particle size; sulfuric acid; temperature; uranium; wastes;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... In this study, a practical decontamination process was developed to remove uranium from gravel using a soil washing method. The effects of critical parameters including particle size, H₂SO₄ concentration, temperature, and reaction time on uranium removal were evaluated. The optimal condition for two-stage washing of gravel was found to be particle size of 1–2 mm, 1.0 M H₂SO₄, temperature of 60°C, ...
DOI:
10.1080/09593330.2017.1296026