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1. Wood Modification as a Tool to Understand Moisture in Wood

Author:
Thybring, Emil Engelund; Fredriksson, Maria
Source:
Forests 2021 v.12 no.3
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
wood; wood chemistry,   etc   ; anisotropy; biomass; dimensional stability;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... Moisture plays a central role in the performance of wood products because it affects important material properties such as the resistance to decomposition, the mechanical properties, and the dimensions. To improve wood performance, a wide range of wood modification techniques that alter the wood chemistry in various ways have been described in the literature. Typically, these modifications aim to ...
DOI:
10.3390/f12030372

2. Wood-cement-composite behaviour of beech circular hollow sections

Author:
Hirschmüller, Sebastian; Unterberger, Seraphin Hubert; Marte, Roman; van de Kuilen, Jan-Willem
Source:
European journal of wood and wood products 2021 v.79 no.2 pp. 301-315
ISSN:
0018-3768
Subject:
wood; wood cement,   etc   ; Fagus; concrete; lumber; soil;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Beech laminated veneer lumber (LVL) circular hollow sections for use as nails in temporary geotechnical soil nailing systems were developed within this research. For the soil wall stability, beside a sufficient load carrying capacity of the nail cross section, a load carrying connection between the cement annulus and the nail is necessary. As cement grout ensures the bond between the nails and soi ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00107-020-01628-4

3. A Transfer Residual Neural Network Based on ResNet-34 for Detection of Wood Knot Defects

Author:
Gao, Mingyu; Qi, Dawei; Mu, Hongbo; Chen, Jianfeng
Source:
Forests 2021 v.12 no.2
ISSN:
1999-4907
Subject:
wood; wood utilization,   etc   ; data collection; forests; prediction;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In recent years, due to the shortage of timber resources, it has become necessary to reduce the excessive consumption of forest resources. Non-destructive testing technology can quickly find wood defects and effectively improve wood utilization. Deep learning has achieved significant results as one of the most commonly used methods in the detection of wood knots. However, compared with convolution ...
DOI:
10.3390/f12020212

4. An attempt to unify the Brinell, Janka and Monnin hardness of wood on the basis of Meyer law

Author:
Koczan, Grzegorz; Karwat, Zbigniew; Kozakiewicz, Paweł
Source:
Journal of wood science 2021 v.67 no.1 pp. 7
ISSN:
1435-0211
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; Fagus; hardness;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... This work concerns basic research on the concept of wood hardness in a sense similar to Brinell or in the modified sense of Monnin. The experimental part of this article is based on research carried out on beech wood with six indenters: three ball indenters of 10, 15 and 30 mm and three cylindrical indenters of 10, 15 and 30 mm. On the basis of measurements for a wide range of loads, relations ana ...
DOI:
10.1186/s10086-020-01938-4

5. Estimation of the perpendicular-to-the-grain tensile strength of Scots pine glued laminated timber via three-point bending tests

Author:
Okamoto, Shigefumi; Akiyama, Nobuhiko; Nakamura, Noboru; Aoki, Kenji; Inayama, Masahiro
Source:
Journal of wood science 2021 v.67 no.1 pp. 33
ISSN:
1435-0211
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; glulam; tensile strength;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Three-point bending tests were performed on specimens of glued laminated timber with different specimen heights to failure to determine the relationship between specimen height and bending strength under tension perpendicular to the grain. For the three-point bending tests, two types of glued laminated timber composed of homogeneous grade timber, as specified in the Japanese Agricultural Standard, ...
DOI:
10.1186/s10086-021-01966-8

6. Influence of slenderness ratio and sectional geometry on the axial compression behavior of original bamboo columns

Author:
Nie, Yuhan; Wei, Yang; Huang, Linjie; Liu, Ying; Dong, Fenghui
Source:
Journal of wood science 2021 v.67 no.1 pp. 36
ISSN:
1435-0211
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; bamboos; geometry; models;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bamboo has been widely used as a load-bearing material in construction; however, there are limited studies on the stability of slender original bamboo columns. Based on the experimental investigation of thirty-nine original bamboo columns, parametric analyses were conducted to investigate the influence of the diameter–thickness ratio, cross-sectional area and slenderness ratio on the axial compres ...
DOI:
10.1186/s10086-021-01968-6

7. Study on static lateral load–slip behavior of single-shear stapled connections in plywood for upholstered furniture frame construction

Author:
Hu, Wengang; Zhang, Jilei
Source:
Journal of wood science 2021 v.67 no.1 pp. 40
ISSN:
1435-0211
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; furniture; plywood;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The static lateral load–slip behavior of a single-shear plywood-to-plywood single-staple connection (SPSC) was investigated experimentally. A mechanics-based approach was used to develop mechanical models for deriving estimation equations for critical lateral loads of SPSCs based on failure modes of staple legs and connection member materials developed during static lateral loading process. Experi ...
DOI:
10.1186/s10086-021-01975-7

8. Knock on wood: Business models for urban wood could overcome financing and governance challenges faced by nature-based solutions

Author:
Kampelmann, Stephan
Source:
Urban forestry & urban greening 2021 v.62 pp. 127108
ISSN:
1618-8667
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; governance; urban forestry;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The paper contributes to the literature on urban forestry and urban sustainability by filling gaps in the knowledge on viable business, financing, and governance models for nature-based solutions. Through two case studies, we provide empirical illustrations for business models based on nature-based solutions that are both viable and scalable. We confront the financial and governance challenges ide ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127108

9. Active modification of cavity nest‐entrances is a common strategy in arboreal ants

Author:
Priest, Galen V.; Camarota, Flávio; Vasconcelos, Heraldo L.; Powell, Scott; Marquis, Robert J.
Source:
Biotropica 2021 v.53 no.3 pp. 857-867
ISSN:
0006-3606
Subject:
dead wood,   etc   ; ; nests; trees;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... The majority of tropical arboreal ant species nest in tree cavities. These cavities, often produced initially by wood‐boring beetles, can be in live or dead wood and represent long‐lasting and highly defensible nesting resources. Yet the size of cavity entrances can constrain their use. Active entrance modification may be an effective way to overcome this constraint. Here, we conduct the first sys ...
DOI:
10.1111/btp.12922

10. Ant foragers might present variation and universal property in their movements

Author:
Sakiyama, Tomoko; Nagaya, Naohisa; Fujisawa, Ryusuke
Source:
Journal of comparative physiology 2021 v.207 no.3 pp. 429-435
ISSN:
0340-7594
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; evolution; locomotion; travel;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Investigating the locomotion mechanisms of animals improves our understanding of both their inherent movements and responses to external stimuli. Moreover, identifying the movement patterns of animals reveals their foraging search efficiency. The navigational mechanisms of foraging ants have been well studied; they present typical search strategies for pinpointing their goal. However, the detailed ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00359-021-01484-4

11. Bark proportion of Scots pine industrial wood

Author:
Berendt, Ferréol; Pegel, Erik; Blasko, Lubomir; Cremer, Tobias
Source:
European journal of wood and wood products 2021 v.79 no.3 pp. 749-752
ISSN:
0018-3768
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; bark; supply chain;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bark characteristics are not only used in the forest-wood supply chain, for example to calculate standing volumes, but also to transform wood volumes and masses. In this study, bark thickness, bark volume and bark mass were analyzed on the basis of 150 Scots pine discs, with a mean diameter of 13 cm. The mean double bark thickness was 3.02 mm, the mean bark volume proportion was 5.6% and mean bark ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00107-021-01657-7

12. Generalized cutting force model for peripheral milling of wood, based on the effect of density, uncut chip cross section, grain orientation and tool helix angle

Author:
Curti, R.; Marcon, B.; Denaud, L.; Togni, M.; Furferi, R.; Goli, G.
Source:
European journal of wood and wood products 2021 v.79 no.3 pp. 667-678
ISSN:
0018-3768
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; empirical models; industry;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The influence of the grain angle on the cutting force when milling wood is not yet detailed, apart from particular cases (end-grain, parallel to the grain, or in some rare cases 45°-cut). Thus, setting-up wood machining operations with complex paths still relies mainly on the experience of the operators because of the lack of scientific knowledge easily transferable to the industry. The aim of the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00107-021-01667-5

13. A review of the long-term effects of humidity on the mechanical properties of wood and wood-based products

Author:
Wang, Juan; Cao, Xiaoqing; Liu, Haojin
Source:
European journal of wood and wood products 2021 v.79 no.2 pp. 245-259
ISSN:
0018-3768
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; chronic exposure; humidity;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... Wood is an indispensable building material for modern structures. As a kind of biological material, it is more likely than other materials to be affected by the environment. It has been shown that the effect of long-term exposure to humidity will accelerate the decrease in mechanical properties and long-term strength of wood and wood-based products. The most commonly used methods for studying the ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00107-020-01623-9

14. Bark and Wood Boring Insects—Past, Present, and the Future Knowledge We Need

Author:
Avtzis, Dimitrios N.; Lakatos, Ferenc
Source:
Insects 2021 v.12 no.1
ISSN:
2075-4450
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; Cerambycidae; Lepidoptera; bark;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Bark and wood-boring insects represent a very diverse group of insects that includes bark and ambrosia beetles, cerambycids, weevils, jewel beetles, or even anobiids from the order of beetles (Coleoptera), but in the broader sense other insect orders like Lepidoptera (e [...] ...
DOI:
10.3390/insects12010028

15. Medium-density fibreboards bonded with phenol-formaldehyde resin and calcium lignosulfonate as an eco-friendly additive

Author:
Antov, Petar; Savov, Viktor; Mantanis, George I.; Neykov, Nikolay
Source:
Wood material science and engineering 2021 v.16 no.1 pp. 42-48
ISSN:
1748-0280
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; calcium; lignosulfonates;     Show all 3 Subjects
Abstract:
... The potential of addition of calcium lignosulfonate as an eco-friendly additive with a phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin, at different ratios, to produce medium-density fibreboards (MDF) with acceptable properties, was investigated in this work. The fibreboards were fabricated in the laboratory with low PF resin percentage (3%, 4%, 5%), while the addition levels of calcium lignosulfonate varied from ...
DOI:
10.1080/17480272.2020.1751279

16. State of the art and practice of seismic-resistant hybrid timber structures

Author:
Quintana Gallo, Patricio; Carradine, David M.; Bazaez, Ramiro
Source:
European journal of wood and wood products 2021 v.79 no.1 pp. 5-28
ISSN:
0018-3768
Subject:
wood,   etc   ; earthquakes; geophysics; hybrids;     Show all 4 Subjects
Abstract:
... Interest in using timber for construction of multi-storey structures in seismic regions has been gaining significant momentum worldwide in recent years. As it is not common to use timber for constructing multi-storey seismic-resistant structures, engineers face new challenges related to their design and anticipated earthquake performance. To achieve improved behaviour during earthquakes, timber st ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00107-020-01556-3

17. Best practices for digitizing a wood slide collection: The Bailey-Wetmore Wood Collection of the Harvard University Herbaria

Author:
von Baeyer, Madelynn; Marston, John M.
Source:
Quaternary international 2021 v.593-594 pp. 50-59
ISSN:
1040-6182
Subject:
wood; wood anatomy,   etc   ; Internet; computer software; herbaria; histology; microscopy; scanners;     Show all 8 Subjects
Abstract:
... As herbaria move to digitize their collections, the question remains of how to efficiently digitize collections other than standard herbarium sheets, such as wood slide collections. Beginning in September 2018, the Harvard University Herbaria began a project to image and digitize the wood slides contained in the Bailey-Wetmore Wood Collection. The primary goal of this project was to produce images ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.quaint.2020.08.053

18. Soy Protein Adhesives for Particleboard Production – A Review

Author:
Bacigalupe, Alejandro; Escobar, Mariano M.
Source:
Journal of polymers and the environment 2021 v.29 no.7 pp. 2033-2045
ISSN:
1566-2543
Subject:
wood; wood industry,   etc   ; environment; formaldehyde; particleboards; soy protein;     Show all 6 Subjects
Abstract:
... Formaldehyde-based resins are commonly used in the particleboard industry due to their high bonding strength and excellent water resistance. Nowadays, the healthy and sustainable issues lead to the development of bio-based wood adhesives. In the last past decade, soybeans were the most prominent crop for the production of environmentally friendly adhesive with no formaldehyde in its composition. T ...
DOI:
10.1007/s10924-020-02036-8

19. Amazon wood species classification: a comparison between deep learning and pre-designed features

Author:
de Geus, André R.; Backes, André R.; Gontijo, Alexandre B.; Albuquerque, Giovanna H. Q.; Souza, Jefferson R.
Source:
Wood science and technology 2021 v.55 no.3 pp. 857-872
ISSN:
0043-7719
Subject:
wood; wood industry,   etc   ; data collection; economic impact; technology;     Show all 5 Subjects
Abstract:
... In many countries, the wood industry is a crucial sector and has a significant economic impact. In this sense, illegal logging is a way to reduce costs, avoiding taxes, or having access to more valuable wood species. To combat the latter, the recognition of wood species is crucial. However, this task is usually performed by experts through visual inspection, a process that requires sanding and cle ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00226-021-01282-w

20. Artificial weathering of surfaces from laminated phenol-formaldehyde resin impregnated compressed wood: impact of top veneer type and overlay application

Author:
Passauer, Lars; Schubert, Jürgen; Schulz, Tino; Flade, Philipp; Weiß, Björn; Burkhardt, Henry
Source:
European journal of wood and wood products 2021 v.79 no.3 pp. 567-578
ISSN:
0018-3768
Subject:
compressed wood; wood,   etc   ; Betula; Fagus; color; formaldehyde; melamine; paper; weather;     Show all 9 Subjects
Abstract:
... Panels from laminated phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) impregnated and compressed wood (Compreg) with top veneers from European species of beech, maple and white birch were prepared, each without or coated with resin pre-impregnated overlay papers. To clarify the outdoor resistance of Compreg surfaces, long-term artificial weathering experiments were performed. Weather-related color changes, gloss r ...
DOI:
10.1007/s00107-020-01648-0