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1. Wood surface treatment techniques for enhanced solar steam generation

Author:
Taylor, Robert A.,   et al.   ; Ghafurian, Mohammad Mustafa; Niazmand, Hamid; Ebrahimnia-Bajestan, Ehsan;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.146 pp. 2308-2315
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
Populus; carbonization; coatings; cost analysis; cost effectiveness; energy; evaporation rate; gold; gravity; leaves; light intensity; liquids; nanogold; renewable energy sources; roots; steam; synthetic products; transpiration; trees; wood
Abstract:
... Water vapor is vital both as an energy carrier and as an intermediary state for removing impurities from water. In nature, transpiration occurs when water is transported (against gravity) from the roots to the underside of leaves where it evaporates. Using this process, one large tree can pump and purify 400 L of water each day. Based on trunk cross-sectional area, this corresponds to a water flux ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.036

2. Development of an automated system for the analysis of inorganic chloramines in swimming pools via multi-syringe chromatography and photometric detection with ABTS

Author:
Robert-Peillard, Fabien,   et al.   ; Chehab, Rana; Coulomb, Bruno; Boudenne, Jean-Luc;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Talanta 2020 v.207
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
automation; byproducts; chlorine; chromatography; colorimetry; derivatization; detection limit; disinfectants; disinfection; nitrogen compounds; photometry; swimming pools
Abstract:
... Inorganic chloramines are disinfection by-products resulting from the unwanted reaction between chlorine used as disinfectant in swimming pools and nitrogenous compounds brought by bathers. This parameter (total chloramines or combined chlorine) is currently measured on site by a colorimetric method that does not allow to measure only inorganic chloramines. In this paper, a multi-syringe chromatog ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120322

3. An integrated fault diagnosis and prognosis approach for predictive maintenance of wind turbine bearing with limited samples

Author:
Gao, Robert X.,   et al.   ; Wang, Jinjiang; Liang, Yuanyuan; Zheng, Yinghao; Zhang, Fengli;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.145 pp. 642-650
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
Bayesian theory; algorithms; data collection; prediction; prognosis; renewable energy sources; statistical models; uncertainty; wavelet; wind turbines
Abstract:
... Predictive maintenance has raised much research interest to improve the system reliability of a wind turbine. This paper presents a new model based approach of integrated fault diagnosis and prognosis for wind turbine remaining useful life estimation, especially the cases with limited degradation data. Firstly, a wavelet transform based fault diagnosis method is investigated to analyze the bearing ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.103

4. A review of nanofluid-based direct absorption solar collectors: Design considerations and experiments with hybrid PV/Thermal and direct steam generation collectors

Author:
Taylor, Robert A.,   et al.   ; Goel, Nipun; Otanicar, Todd;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.145 pp. 903-913
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
absorption; collectors; electricity generation; heat; nanofluids; nanoparticles; optical properties; solar collectors; solar radiation; solar thermal energy; steam; thermal energy
Abstract:
... Over the last 100 plus years, solar thermal energy has been used for residential heating applications, industrial process heating, electricity generation, and thermochemical reactions. Because of the vast number of applications, numerous designs have been developed to improve the efficiency of converting incoming solar energy into useful heat and to lower the cost. Conventional solar thermal colle ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.097

5. D-STATCOM for harmonic mitigation in low voltage distribution network with high penetration of nonlinear loads

Author:
Balog, Robert S.,   et al.   ; Rohouma, Wesam; Peerzada, Aaqib Ahmad; Begovic, Miroslav M.;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.145 pp. 1449-1464
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
electric potential difference; electrical equipment; electronic circuits; models; renewable energy sources; topology
Abstract:
... With the increased use of power electronic for ac-to-dc converters, electrical distributions systems are experiencing an increased in non-linear loads. These non-linear loads, such as the classical rectifier, draw non-sinusoidal currents which tend to have a deleterious impact on the power quality of the modern AC distribution systems. The interaction of non-sinusoidal currents with the grid imped ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.134

6. Numerical analysis and wave tank validation on the optimal design of a two-body wave energy converter

Author:
Parker, Robert,   et al.   ; Martin, Dillon; Li, Xiaofan; Chen, Chien-An; Thiagarajan, Krish; Ngo, Khai; Zuo, Lei;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.145 pp. 632-641
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
absorption; electronics; energy conversion; models; water power
Abstract:
... To improve the performance of a ‘point absorber’ type wave energy converter (WEC), an additional submerged body can be deployed. The submerged body can be used to increase the equivalent excitation force on the WEC, as well as provide resonance tuning. This paper presents numerical analysis and experimental validation of a two-body point absorber type WEC using a mechanical motion rectifier (MMR) ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.109

7. Transient CFD simulation of wood log combustion in stoves

Author:
Scharler, Robert,   et al.   ; Gruber, Thomas; Ehrenhöfer, Armin; Kelz, Joachim; Bardar, Ramin Mehrabian; Bauer, Thomas; Hochenauer, Christoph; Anca-Couce, Andrés;     Show all 8 Authors
Source:
Renewable energy 2020 v.145 pp. 651-662
ISSN:
0960-1481
Subject:
biomass; carbon dioxide; combustion; emissions; flue gas; heat transfer; models; oxygen; pollutants; renewable energy sources; temperature; turbulent flow; wood logs
Abstract:
... Wood log stoves are a common residential heating technology that produce comparably high pollutant emissions. Within this work, a detailed CFD model for transient wood log combustion in stoves was developed, as a basis for its optimization. A single particle conversion model previously developed by the authors for the combustion of thermally thick biomass particles, i.e. wood logs, was linked with ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.renene.2019.06.053

8. Trophic cascades and Yellowstone’s aspen: A reply to Fleming (2019)

Author:
Beschta, Robert L.,   et al.   ; Painter, Luke E.; Ripple, William J.;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Forest ecology and management 2019 v.454 pp. 117344
ISSN:
0378-1127
Subject:
elks; humans; national parks; trophic relationships; wolves
Abstract:
... Recent correspondence by Fleming (2019) identifies a number of concerns regarding the methods and conclusions used in the Beschta et al. (2018) study of wolves, elk, and aspen in Yellowstone National Park. Herein, we respond to those concerns and assertions. We also provide clarifying and supplemental information regarding two hypotheses: (1) trophic cascades and (2) human shielding. We conclude t ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foreco.2019.05.014

9. Effects of triclosan and triclocarban on denitrification and N2O emissions in paddy soil

Author:
Sanford, Robert A.,   et al.   ; Chen, Shuntao; Chee-Sanford, Joanne C.; Yang, Wendy H.; Chen, Jianqiu; Yan, Xiaoyuan; Shan, Jun;     Show all 7 Authors
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.695 pp. 133782
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
anti-infective agents; denitrification; denitrifying bacteria; drugs; ecosystems; environmental impact; fertilizers; genes; greenhouse gas emissions; ingredients; nitrogen cycle; nitrous oxide; paddies; paddy soils; personal care products; ribosomal RNA; rice; triclosan
Abstract:
... Triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are two common antimicrobial compounds, which are widely used as ingredients in pharmaceuticals and personal care products. They occur ubiquitously in soil due to biosolid application as agricultural fertilizers, but their influence on microbially mediated soil biogeochemical processes is poorly understood. We tested the effects of varying concentrations of T ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133782

10. Mechanisms of pharmaceutical and personal care product removal in algae-based wastewater treatment systems

Author:
Flick, Robert,   et al.   ; Larsen, Christian; Yu, Zhu Hao; Passeport, Elodie;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.695 pp. 133772
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Chlorella vulgaris; Scenedesmus obliquus; algae; bacteria; bioreactors; biotransformation; environmental health; gemfibrozil; humans; ibuprofen; personal care products; photochemistry; reaction mechanisms; triclosan; wastewater treatment
Abstract:
... The widespread distribution of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), particularly in the built environment, has led to increased concern about their effects on both human and ecosystem health. In this research, we investigated the role of algae species Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella vulgaris in governing PPCP transfer and transformation mechanisms in algae-containing environments ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133772

11. The NSERC Canadian Lake Pulse Network: A national assessment of lake health providing science for water management in a changing climate

Author:
Siron, Robert,   et al.   ; Huot, Yannick; Brown, Catherine A.; Potvin, Geneviève; Antoniades, Dermot; Baulch, Helen M.; Beisner, Beatrix E.; Bélanger, Simon; Brazeau, Stéphanie; Cabana, Hubert; Cardille, Jeffrey A.; del Giorgio, Paul A.; Gregory-Eaves, Irene; Fortin, Marie-Josée; Lang, Andrew S.; Laurion, Isabelle; Maranger, Roxane; Prairie, Yves T.; Rusak, James A.; Segura, Pedro A.; Smol, John P.; Vinebrooke, Rolf D.; Walsh, David A.;     Show all 23 Authors
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.695 pp. 133668
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
aquatic ecosystems; climate change; drinking water; ecosystem services; genomics; greenhouse gases; humans; lakes; land use; limnology; models; monitoring; paleontology; pathogens; remote sensing; statistical analysis; uncertainty; water management; water supply; watersheds; Canada
Abstract:
... The distribution and quality of water resources vary dramatically across Canada, and human impacts such as land-use and climate changes are exacerbating uncertainties in water supply and security. At the national level, Canada has no enforceable standards for safe drinking water and no comprehensive water-monitoring program to provide detailed, timely reporting on the state of water resources. To ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133668

12. A zonal non-equilibrium approach to model temperature gradients during ventless bottom filling of pressurized cryotanks for natural gas-powered ships

Author:
Robert, Pascal,   et al.   ; Thiaucourt, Jonas; Marty, Pierre; Hetet, Jean-François; Delaire, Etienne;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Energy 2019 v.188
ISSN:
0360-5442
Subject:
computer software; emissions; equations; liquefied natural gas; liquids; models; shipping; ships; temperature profiles; thermodynamics; vapors
Abstract:
... Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as a fuel is seen as a solution to curb harmful emissions in shipping and its quick uptake is now significant. New LNG bunkering scenarios are hence rising with a growing range of technical challenges. In this paper, a thermodynamic zonal model is established to assess the temperature gradients induced by a ventless bottom filling. The reservoir is divided into three co ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.energy.2019.116033

13. Biomarker response of Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis regarding environmental conditions, pollution impact and seasonal effects

Author:
Bakarić, Robert,   et al.   ; Grbin, Dorotea; Sabolić, Iva; Klobučar, Goran; Dennis, Stuart R.; Šrut, Maja; Baković, Vid; Brkanac, Sandra Radić; Nosil, Patrik; Štambuk, Anamaria;     Show all 10 Authors
Source:
The Science of the total environment 2019 v.694 pp. 133470
ISSN:
0048-9697
Subject:
Mytilus galloprovincialis; autumn; biomarkers; environmental factors; metals; mussels; seasonal variation; spring; water pollution
Abstract:
... The complexity of seasonally and spatially variable environments, coupled with complex biological interactions, makes it difficult to pinpoint biological responses to specific environmental stressors, including chemical pollution. To disentangle causative factors and reveal biomarker responses, we applied biomarker-based multivariate approaches to 15 native populations of Mediterranean mussel Myti ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.276

14. Chemical consequences of extended maceration and post-fermentation additions of grape pomace in Pinot noir and Zinfandel wines from the Central Coast of California (USA)

Author:
Huff, Robert,   et al.   ; Casassa, L. Federico; Steele, Nicholas B.;     Show all 3 Authors
Source:
Food chemistry 2019 v.300 pp. 125147
ISSN:
0308-8146
Subject:
anthocyanins; coasts; desorption; grape pomace; maceration; polymers; tannins; winemaking; wines; California
Abstract:
... Pinot noir and Zinfandel wines were produced with traditional maceration (Control), and extended maceration for one (1 month-EM), and six months (6 months-EM). Addition of an extra amount of pomace during EM was also evaluated through a treatment referred to as Double pomace. The application of EM and Double pomace decreased the chromatic as well as the anthocyanin and anthocyanin-derived pigment ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125147

15. How making decisions for children affects the food choices of adults

Author:
Fisher, Robert,   et al.   ; Akkoc, Utku;     Show all 2 Author
Source:
Appetite 2019 v.143
ISSN:
0195-6663
Subject:
adults; children; decision making; food choices; foods; parents; teachers; television
Abstract:
... Parents and other adults such as baby sitters, daycare workers, and teachers are responsible for making choices that contribute to the development and well-being of the children in their care. In a typical day, for example, parents decide what and how much their children eat, the amount of time they spend online, the television programs they watch, and the time they go to bed. In this research, we ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.appet.2019.104407

16. X-ray absorption as an alternative method to determine the exhausting degree of activated carbon layers in water treatment system for medical services

Author:
Carleer, Robert,   et al.   ; Puente Torres, Jeamichel; Crespo Sariol, Harold; Yperman, Jan; Adriaensens, Peter; Mariño Peacok, Thayset; Brito Sauvanell, Ángel; Thijssen, Elsy; Reggers, Guy; Haeldermans, Tom; Samyn, Pieter;     Show all 11 Authors
Source:
Talanta 2019 v.205 pp. 120058
ISSN:
0039-9140
Subject:
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; X-radiation; X-ray diffraction; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; activated carbon; case studies; cleaning; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; health services; hemodialysis; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; radiography; scanning electron microscopy; thermogravimetry; water purification
Abstract:
... Analytical methods based on X-Ray radiation proved to be reliable and sensitive techniques to study activated carbons (ACs). An X-Ray absorption analysis based on digital radiographic images (XRA) is applied for the determination of the exhaustion degree of granular activated carbon (GAC) used in a water purification system for hemodialysis. XRA-method demonstrated the possibility to determine the ...
DOI:
10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.058

17. A combination of climatic conditions determines major within-season dengue outbreaks in Guangdong Province, China

Author:
Cheke, Robert A.,   et al.   ; Wang, Xia; Tang, Sanyi; Wu, Jianhong; Xiao, Yanni;     Show all 5 Authors
Source:
Parasites & vectors 2019 v.12 no.1 pp. 45
ISSN:
1756-3305
Subject:
climatic factors; dengue; humans; imagos; models; prediction; rain; reproduction; temperature; China
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: China’s Guangdong Province experienced a major dengue outbreak in 2014. Here we investigate if the weather conditions contributing to the outbreak can be elucidated by multi-scale models. METHODS: A multi-scale modelling framework, parameterized by available weather, vector and human case data, was used to examine the integrative effect of temperature and precipitation variation on the ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13071-019-3295-0

18. A comparison of log Kow (n-octanol–water partition coefficient) values for non-ionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants determined using predictions and experimental methods

Author:
Roberts, Jayne,   et al.   ; Hodges, Geoff; Eadsforth, Charles; Bossuyt, Bart; Bouvy, Alain; Enrici, Marie-Helene; Geurts, Marc; Kotthoff, Matthias; Michie, Eleanor; Miller, Dennis; Müller, Josef; Oetter, Gunter; Schowanek, Diederik; Sun, Ping; Venzmer, Joachim;     Show all 15 Authors
Source:
Environmental sciences Europe 2019 v.31 no.1 pp. 1
ISSN:
2190-4707
Subject:
bioavailability; environmental assessment; environmental fate; high performance liquid chromatography; ionization; models; nonionic surfactants; prediction; products and commodities; risk assessment; toxicity; water solubility; weight-of-evidence
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: Surfactants are widely used across the globe both in industrial and consumer products. The n-octanol/water partition ratio or coefficient (log Kₒw) and n-octanol/water distribution coefficient (log D) are key parameters in environmental risk assessment of chemicals as they are often used to estimate the environmental fate and bioavailability and thus exposure and toxicity of a compound ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12302-018-0176-7

19. Acute testosterone administration does not affect muscle anabolism

Author:
Wolfe, Robert R.,   et al.   ; Church, David D.; Pasiakos, Stefan M.; Ferrando, Arny A.;     Show all 4 Authors
Source:
Nutrition & metabolism 2019 v.16 no.1 pp. 56
ISSN:
1743-7075
Subject:
leucine; men; metabolism; muscle protein; muscles; physiological transport; skeletal muscle; testosterone; uncertainty
Abstract:
... We previously demonstrated that improved net muscle protein balance, via enhanced protein synthetic efficiency, occurs 5 days after testosterone (T) administration. Whether the effects of T on muscle protein kinetics occur immediately upon exposure is not known. We investigated the effects of acute T exposure on leg muscle protein kinetics and selected amino acid (AA) transport using the arteriove ...
DOI:
10.1186/s12986-019-0385-0

20. A genomic atlas of systemic interindividual epigenetic variation in humans

Author:
Waterland, Robert A.,   et al.   ; Gunasekara, Chathura J.; Scott, C. Anthony; Laritsky, Eleonora; Baker, Maria S.; MacKay, Harry; Duryea, Jack D.; Kessler, Noah J.; Hellenthal, Garrett; Wood, Alexis C.; Hodges, Kelly R.; Gandhi, Manisha; Hair, Amy B.; Silver, Matt J.; Moore, Sophie E.; Prentice, Andrew M.; Li, Yumei; Chen, Rui; Coarfa, Cristian;     Show all 19 Authors
Source:
Genome biology 2019 v.20 no.1 pp. 105
ISSN:
1474-760X
Subject:
DNA; DNA methylation; algorithms; bisulfites; brain; ectoderm; endoderm; epigenetics; genes; genetic variation; genomics; heart; humans; mesoderm; nationalities and ethnic groups; phenotype; phenotypic variation; risk; sequence analysis; tissues; transposons
Abstract:
... BACKGROUND: DNA methylation is thought to be an important determinant of human phenotypic variation, but its inherent cell type specificity has impeded progress on this question. At exceptional genomic regions, interindividual variation in DNA methylation occurs systemically. Like genetic variants, systemic interindividual epigenetic variants are stable, can influence phenotype, and can be assesse ...
DOI:
10.1186/s13059-019-1708-1