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Whole genome re-sequencing of date palms yields insights into diversification of a fruit tree crop

Author:
Khaled M. M. Hazzouri, Jonathan M. M. Flowers, Hendrik J. J. Visser, Hussam S. M. S. M. Khierallah, Ulises Rosas, Gina M. M. Pham, Rachel S. S. Meyer, Caryn K. K. Johansen, Zoë A. A. Fresquez, Khaled Masmoudi, Nadia Haider, Nabila El Kadri, Youssef Idaghdour, Joel A. A. Malek, Deborah Thirkhill, Ghulam S. S. Markhand, Robert R. R. Krueger, Abdelouahhab Zaid, Michael D. D. Purugganan
Source:
Nature Communications 2015 v.6 pp. 8824
ISSN:
2041-1723
Subject:
Elaeis guineensis, Phoenix dactylifera, agronomic traits, arid zones, biodiversity, color, colored varieties, crop yield, cultivars, fruit trees, genes, genetic variation, perennials, population structure, retrotransposons, sequence analysis, single nucleotide polymorphism, Egypt, Middle East, South Asia, Sudan
Abstract:
Date palms (Phoenix dactylifera) are the most significant perennial crop in arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa. Here, we present a comprehensive catalogue of approximately seven million single nucleotide polymorphisms in date palms based on whole genome re-sequencing of a collection of 62 cultivars. Population structure analysis indicates a major genetic divide between North Africa and the Middle East/South Asian date palms, with evidence of admixture in cultivars from Egypt and Sudan. Genome-wide scans for selection suggest at least 56 genomic regions associated with selective sweeps that may underlie geographic adaptation. We report candidate mutations for trait variation, including nonsense polymorphisms and presence/absence variation in gene content in pathways for key agronomic traits. We also identify a copia-like retrotransposon insertion polymorphism in the R2R3 myb-like orthologue of the oil palm virescens gene associated with fruit colour variation. This analysis documents patterns of post-domestication diversification and provides a genomic resource for this economically important perennial tree crop.
Agid:
61691
Handle:
10113/61691